Audio-visual in Morocco

The emissions of the radio and the Télévision currently cover the majority of the areas of the Royaume and all over the world exceed the framework of the national territory towards various areas.

The park of the radio operator receivers and television developed to reach the percentage of a radio station for three citizens and of a station television set for six, without forgetting the passion for the parabolic aerials, particularly since the promulgation of the law governing their use.

The audio-visual sector was also characterized by the daily program through the satellite " Eutelsat ", of the programs of the R.T.M, thus allowing tens of million televiewers in various continents to follow the programs of the first television channel.

In accordance with its vocation of opened country, the Morocco supported the blossoming of private initiatives in the field of the audio-visual one.

RTM

History

April 1928: Creation of the Radio-Morocco service within the Office Of the sherifs of Postes, Telephone and Telegraph.
December 1937: Institution of a council of Radio-Morocco and an advisory committee of broadcasting in Arab language.
February 1947: Financial autonomy and legal capacity with the service of the radio within the OCPTT.
June 1956: Institution of the advisory commission of the Arab emissions of Moroccan Broadcasting.
July 1961: Fastening of the service of Broadcasting to the Ministry for Information, the Art schools and Tourism, by allotting the name of the RTM to him, legal capacity and financial autonomy.
October 1966: Promotion of Moroccan Broadcasting in a public corporation, equipped with the civil personality and financial autonomy.
January 1968: The RTM becomes again public administration with an additional budget.
December 1978: The RTM becomes integral part of the Central administration of the Ministry for Information (currently Ministère of the Communication).
June 1994: A decree redefines the mission of the RTM, its attributions and reorganizes its structure.

To build a domestic network of Diffusion of the programs of proximity

Morocco was the pioneer in the field of the audio-visual one. Already in the Fifties, he had known a first experiment undertaken by the French company " TELMA" who saw in the European Community in Morocco a potential public. In 1951, the authorization of exploitation and diffusion was yielded to the " TELMA" who started to emit only in 1954. It was a transitory experiment which will last only a few months. The aforementioned company had to stop, not following a commercial failure but taking into account the political events generated by the nationalist movement which shook the country.

The Moroccan public channel was to begin at the following day from independence on March 3rd 1962, emitting in black and white. The color (Secam b) was introduced only in 1972.

The statute of the TVM passed successively from the mode of legal capacity and financial autonomy to that of the public corporation, then with its integration with the central administration of the Ministry for the Communication, with an additional budget.

On the plan of the means, the TVM ensures the balance of its budget thanks to a State grant, in addition to one royalty in the form of contribution indexed on the consumption of energy of the hearths, of the surplus of the receipts of the Autonomous Service of Publicity (SAP), as well as various and accidental receipts resulting from the incomes of its performances of service.

The Ministry for the Communication placed at the disposal of the TVM for the years 1995 and 1996 an envelope of meadows of 13 million DHS.

The operational budget of this organization knew an appreciable increase in 1996 to reach 598 million DHS for the financial year 1996 - 1997.

Attributions of the RTM

Broadcasting Moroccan Television is a public administration placed under the supervision of the Ministry for the Communication.

It has the role of into force ensuring the public service of broadcasting within the framework of the monopoly of the State as regards telecommunications in accordance with the legislative measures and regulatory.

For this purpose, it is charged:

to carry out the cover of the political activities, economic and social.

to work out and implement any action plan and any audio-visual production as regards radio and television.

to lead any study to the survey aiming to the improvement qualitative of the radio and television to the regional scales, main road and international.

to ensure the orientation and the coordination of the action of the services external of the RTM.

to encourage the national production of artistic and educational programs.

to contribute to the promotion of arts and the culture by the programs of the radio and television.

to produce and Co-produce audio-visual works and documents, to market them and to diffuse them on the antennas and by any other audio-visual means, as well with the Morocco as abroad, to contribute to the radiation of the culture and civilization Morrocan women.

to conclude any convention for the production or the exchange from programs with administrations or organizations interested, for purposes to diffuse them by any audio-visual means inside or outside the kingdom.

to diffuse its programs by very proceeded of telecommunications, in order to satisfy the needs for education, information, culture and entertainment of the Public .

Of diffusing advertisements or programs of Publicity in any form.

to organize, constitute or make constitute, maintain, modify and exploit the domestic network of diffusion of the radio and television.

to prepare the development plans with means and long terms of the RTM.

to ensure the continuing education and the improvement of the personnel of the RTM the trades of the audio-visual one.

to undertake co-operation exchanges, any capable action to contribute to the reinforcement of the image of the Morocco and to the diffusion of its culture in the world.

to ensure the representation of the kingdom within all the company doctors of the radio and television, regional, national and international, in collaboration with the governmental authorities in charge with the foreign affairs, the co-operation of the posts and telecommunications.

Resources of the RTM

Broadcasting Télévision Morocco groin has a budget annexes whose equipment is ensured by a State grant granted by finances in addition to one royalty in the form of contribution indexed on the consumption of energy of the hearths supplied with the low tension and of the surplus of the receipts of the autonomous service of Publicité, as well as the product of the various receipts resulting from the incomes of the performances of service.

The State grant is evaluated, under 97-98 to 120,5 million DHS.

The installation of funds of promotion of the National Audiovisual landscape within the framework of the law of Finances to replace the contribution in favor of the RTM, is likely to reinforce with advantage the means placed at the disposal of this organization to ensure this imperative adequacy between the requirements of the public service mission and the satisfaction of the broadest audience through a total cover of the territory.

The budget appropriation allocated with the production was multiplied by 3 for the financial year 97-98, passing from 4,7 MDH with 16,7 MDH into 98-99.

Having 4 studios (2 with Reduction and 2 with (Casablanca), the TVM covers the 2/3 of the Territoire Morocco Ain estimated at 718.000 km ² with a terrestrial network of 15.042 km and its 64 relays connected to the network of the Eurovision, Maghrébvision and at the earth station of telecommunications of Shoul. Since March 3rd 1993, the programs of the TVM are transmitted by the satellite European " Eutelsat2F3". Starting from this date the programs of the TVM are followed with interest by the Moroccan community abroad.

The objectives of the transmission of the RTM by satellite are of two kinds: to answer the desires of the emigrants and to present to the international opinion the image modern Morocco.

The classification of the programs of the TVM makes it possible to note that the paramount character of information remains an central element and privileged in the grid.

In March 1993, the TVM started its passage to numerical for its production activities. The equipment of the TVM was reinforced and this by the acquisition of 5 new numeric cameras availability of the Service of reports, a digitized unit and 3 units post-production with electronic keyboard including one with Rabat and two with Casablanca.

So that Television can compete with the other private channels, a recasting will be elaborate. Thus the RTM will be transformed into true multiservice holding, television, the radio, the network of remote transmission, an advertizing agency etc, all will be filialisé and transformed of structure equipped with the legal entity and financial autonomy and management.

Manpower of the RTM

Broadcasting Moroccan television makes sure collaboration of 2356 civils servant and speakers in the fields of the programs and the production.

Organization of the administration of the RTM

The RTM is managed by a managing director. It includes/understands:

the Management of the radio.

the Management of the Television.

the Management of the Remote transmission.

the Management of human resources and the general affairs.

the Division of the co-operation and the foreign relations.

Services external made up of regional stations.

The reform will also relate to the aspect human resources, a reorganization which rests on:

Requalification of formation and continuing education.

New mode justifying indemnitee and grid of the wages.

Plane of redeployment and accompanying measures without forgetting the technical levelling to make a success of the new project.

2M

Dice its creation, 2M presented a single experiment in its kind which made it possible to garner many assets. In 1988, company SOREAD signed with the State a concession contract authorizing it to program and diffuse emissions of Télévision on the whole of the national territory. It is about a concession of public service and, as such, it comprises obligations for the dealer (SOREAD) and the kind one (the State).

The first private channel and commercial with the Morocco (but also in Africa and in the Arab World) started on March 4th, 1989, following the signature of a convention of exploitation and a schedule of conditions in 1988 between the Moroccan State and the SOREAD. It diffused emissions into encrypted with two beaches in light. Like all the chains with toll, she wants to be élitiste. A first selection of the public is carried out by the wallet via the month's subscription. 2M was managed by ONA (African Northern Omnium) first private industry group of Africa in partnership with the French chain TF1, the SOFIRAD, the Canadian group VIDEORON and the institutional Morrocans.

Emitting of Ain Sebaa, (Casablanca), the second Moroccan Television channel had been fixed like objective to reach in 1994 the 250.000 subscribers. With its launching, the chain caused a true passion.

2M evolved/moved indeed in a complex cultural environment. The chain suffered from the development of the hacking, and unfair competition. In 5 years of existence, 2M evolved/moved considerably. It is not any more the specialized channel with international vocation conceived at the beginning, but a general channel, of proximity, in order to express in a way even more obvious its difference, its specificity vis-a-vis the other sources of images.

After seven years of operation, the principal shareholder of the SOREAD, the ONA, were withdrawn from the management of the chain which knew financial problems. The State, signatory of the concession took again the control of 2M on June 19th 1996 with a participation of 68% in the capital. The financial rectification of the company manager of the chain is in hand through the contest of the funds for national Audio-visual Promotion, the dynamization of the advertizing market and the marketing of additional encrypted products.

Al Maghribia

ALMAGHRIBYA, as its name indicates it, ensures a diffusion dominated by the national production. In a first phase, this assertion results in the clothes industry of a grid of the built programs, starting from the best programs of Moroccan Television and 2M.

The grid of ALMAGHRIBYA is not an assembly of the programs of the two chains, it is the resultant of a definite leading positioning to answer the characteristic and the objectives of this chain.

Objective

To reach competitiveness at the national and international level

The passage to the diffusion in light of the programs of 2M, as of on January 10th 1997, constitutes an significant event in all connections. Its repositioning was based on three concepts: the entertainment (cinema, fiction, serials), the proximity (data transmission, debates…) and curiosity as well as knowledge (documentary and store). This chain, from now on received by meadows of 70% of the population, enriches the Moroccan Audio-visual Field considerably and contributes more to the opening of Morocco on the world.

The new political decision aims at specifying the place of 2M in this configuration of public service:

To clearly define its mission and its positioning in this configuration of public service.

To work out a schedule of conditions in a logic of complementarity and effectiveness.

To stop the funding sources.

Development of the public sector and diversification of the offer

Moreover, the action plan, envisages the creation of chains and radio sets of themes. All in all, the proximity is the key word concerning the levelling of the sector of the Audiovisuel.

Moroccan radios

New equipment of emissions and diffusion

The Radio Morrocan woman diffuses 93 hours per day of programs starting from the central station of Rabat and the 9 regional stations (Tangier, Tétouan, Oujda, Laâyoune and Dakhla).

The regional stations emit on the local waves (approximately 4 hours per day) and relay the Centrale station in turn (3 hours per week).

The radio Morrocan woman, who covers almost the totality of the country, touches 95% of the population as regards the long waves, 84% as regards the medium waves and 48% for the frequency modulation (FM).

From the March 3rd 1993, thanks to the satellite European " Eutelsat ", the radio Morrocan woman entered the era of the diffusion by satellite. Following the example other stations, the radio Morrocan woman puts at the era numerical radiophonic novel methods of diffusion and recording of the programs and musics (operating system and treatment and digital computerized).

The radio Morrocan woman is equipped with 25 studios including 7 installed at the central station of Rabat. This infrastructure enables him to ensure a 34.675 hours annual production of programs. 64,20% of this production are diffused on line while 35,80% are remote.

To answer waitings of the listeners

The radio Morrocan woman produces a panoply of programs in matter varied energy of cultural with the entertainment. She devotes also a choice place to the music, all styles confused (traditional, Jazz, varieties, chansonniers), without forgetting documentations, the debates sets of themes and the great sporting and artistic retransmissions.

Political, cultural and sporting information as well as emissions varied in Arabic, Spanish, English and dialects, constitutes the matter exploited and treated daily by a staff of more than 92 Journaliste S, 66 producing S and 75 Technicien S (including 9 Engineer S).

Programs in several languages

The Internationale chain emits 19 hours over 24,16 hours 30 in Arab language , 1 hour 30 in language French E, 1 hour in Spanish and 1 hour 30 in language English E.

The emissions to 90% are presented on line, the remote remainder. These emissions are in musical matter and of entertainment (50%), Culturel, Sportif, Social, economic, Médical and Didactique (50%).

Moroccan media and the opening on the the Mediterranean

Médi 1 was born in 1980 from the common will Morocco French groin and grouping partners among the banks and the large companies from the two edges. Radio the Mediterranean International is a business firm, moral person of private law in the form of particular partnership. The French part is represented by SOFIRAD (French company of Financing of Broadcasting) in charge of the management of the participations of the French State in the French stations of radio television in France and abroad. The Moroccan partners hold the majority of the participations to a total value of 51% of the Capital, which confers on the company " RMI" Moroccan nationality.

The budget of Médi 1 is fed mainly by remunerations coming from the advertisers to which it provides services by transmitting their advertisements some is their mode of diffusion.

RMI diffuses mainly starting from its transmitter of Nador in long waves and short waves, but also in frequency modulation and by satellite (located at Casablanca, supplied with beam since the studios of the Radio). It covers, thus the whole of the Western area of the Mediterranean basin (Morocco, Algérie, Tunisia, Mauritania, as well as part of the Libya) and can be received in Spain, France and Italy.

Its audience with the the Maghreb is included/understood enters 22 and 23 million listeners. It exceeds the threshold of 25 million in holiday period.

A schedule of conditions fixes the principles which found its mission such promotion of the press spoken and the raising about the cultural level of the listeners.

It is a radio bilingual general practitioner (French-Arabic) of information and entertainment. It produces and emits each day starting from its studios of Tangier 20 hours of programs (of 5:00 with 1 a.m. GMT). Beside the many appointments of information, the program of Médi 1 is composed of emissions of service of animation.

External bonds

Radio-Maroc.net: all Moroccan radios the bar of tools

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