See also: Association
A association is a regrouping of at least two people who decide to share means to work towards a common end without there being personal enrichment; one also speaks about association to nonlucrative goal (or of Non-profit-making association in Belgium). The absence of lucrative goal implies the absence of profit but does not imply the absence of benefit: the latter, generated by the activities of an association, must be reinvested to develop the activity.
Definition
An association is a grouping, consisted by natural persons or morals (and not of the capital), in a private structure (and thus of private law), of which the goals are not lucrative.
An association is a private company but not a business firm. It can sell goods and services but without making profit (principle of nonlucrativity).
Associations, with the co-operatives and the mutual insurance companies, belong to the organizations of the social economy which share the same principle of making economy without seeking the profit.
The right of association is a basic right recognized by the Universal declaration of the human rights of 1948:
- Article 20
- #Toute nobody is entitled to the association and peaceful right to meet.
- #Nul cannot be obliged to belong to an association.
- #Toute nobody is entitled to the association and peaceful right to meet.
Particular associations
One speaks, when association has an international scale, about governmental organization (ONG). One speaks also sometimes about club , in particular in the field of the Sport.
The goals of associations must remain nonlucrative but can be very varied: promotion and practical of an activity (sport, practical activity, cultural, theater, music…), defense of a category of people (students, handicapped people, victims, patients, users of the public services, consumers, various professions…), social action and humanitarian (assistance to residence, care free, distribution of food, First aid, guard of children…), regrouping of professionals, animation of a district or a city… Certain associations are strongly subsidized by the State, which enables him to take actions to lower costs and without affecting of civil servant.
Associations in each country
Belgium
In Belgium, one speaks about Non-profit-making association , or ASBL .
Canada, province of Quebec
With the Quebec, one speaks about Non-profit making organization ( OSBL ) or about Non-profit making company ( OBNL ).
Ivory Coast
Association law of 1960
The United States
There exist 1,14 million associations to nonlucrative goal in the United States and the noncommercial sector accounts for 8,5% of the GDP (against 4,2% in France). They employ 9,3% of the Active population, which constitutes the world records. : 909000 American associations by a board of directors ( Board off Trustees ). Its members are often givers. They have broad capacities and define the missions of association. They are charged to raise funds.The Endowment (“French equipment”) belonged to the funding sources of associations: it is about a sum placed in Bourse and whose only interests are spent each year ( working capital ).
France
One speaks about association concerned with the law of the 1 {{er}} July 1901 and of the decree of August 16th, 1901 or in a shorter way, of Association law 1901 . This law was installation by the government of Waldeck-Rousseau.
Associations having their seat in the three department S of Alsace and the Moselle, are controls by the local right (law 1908 to see local Droit in Alsace and the Moselle and association of local right).
Switzerland
In Swiss, one speaks about association without economic goal . Associations are controls by articles 60 to 79 of the Swiss Civil code.
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