The Arve is a Rivière the Alps which takes its source in the Massif of Mont Blanc. Its name comes from old a Aturaua (cf Adour).
Geography
Born in the mountain from Balme on the heights of the village of the Turn (valley of Chamonix), Arve is inflated by many torrents of mountain the such Arveyron, torrent discharge system of the Mer of ice, the Bonnant which drain water of the Val Montjoie or the Giffre, the Borne, the Menoge, the Sallanche or the Diosaz with the powerful torrential characters.
On the edges of Arve, with Carouge the Walk of the Gold washers is, signs that formerly, at this place, of keen évertués themselves to seek Or, without never anything to withdraw icy water. Tumultuous, Arve readily lends itself to the practice Rafting or Canoë as well as Hydrospeed.
Crossed localities and communes
The course of Arve proceeds almost entirely in Haute-Savoie, except for the last kilometers located in the Canton of Geneva in Suisse. Arve sprinkles the communes of Chamonix-Mount-White, Houches, Servoz, Passy, Sallanches, Magland, Cluses, Scionzier, Thyez, Marnaz, Vougy, Marignier, Ayse, Bonneville, Arenthon, Faucigny, Scientrier, Reignier, Contaminate-on-Arve, Nangy, Arthaz-Bridge-Our-Lady, Monnetier-Mornex, Vétraz-Monthoux, Étrembières, Annemasse, Gaillard and finally Thônex, Veyrier, Oak-Bougeries, Carouge and Geneva in the Canton of Geneva where it is thrown in the the Rhone to 1 kilometer of the place where this last fate of the Lac Léman.
Affluents
-
the Arveyron
- the Bonnant
- the Giffre
- the Terminal
- the Menoge
- the Sallanche
- the Diosaz
- the Foron
- the Seymaz
- the Surface
Hydrology
With Arthaz-Bridge-Our-Lady, in French territory, few before the Swiss border, the flow of Arve were observed during one period of 46 years (1961-2006) (ref.: and).
The annual medium flow of the river is there of 75,4 m ³ a second, for a surface of catchment area of 1 660 square kilometers, is 80,6% of the entire surface of its basin who makes 2 060 km ².
The river presents seasonal fluctuations of flow characteristics, related to its especially nival mode. The high waters of spring-be carry the monthly flow to values going from 93 to 128 m ³ a second, from May to August included (with a top in June). They are due primarily to the snow melt, although rains also occur. As of August, the flow drops gradually throughout the autumn, and reached its minimum in winter, period of low waters, with an average flow monthly of 40,3 m ³ a second in 43,5 m ³ and January in February, which remains very abundant, it is true. But these monthly averages are only averages and occult fluctuations much more marked over moreover short periods.
The VCN3 can fall until 10,0 m ³, in the event of dry period quinquennial, which remains sufficient, and can be regarded as normal in the area of the Alps of North. Let us recall that the VCN3 is the past minimal quantity or minimal flow over three days consecutive.
The risings are as for them rather important when they occur. The QIX 2 and QIX 5 or flows calculated for a biennial and quinquennial rising, are worth respectively 430 and 540 m ³. The QIX 10 or calculated flow of decennial rising is of 620 m ³ a second, the QIX 20 of 690 m ³ and the QIX 50 of 780 m ³. (see note).
Always with Arthaz-Bridge-Our-Lady, the recorded maximum instantaneous flow was of 641 m ³ a second on January 1st, 2004, while the value maximum day laborer was of 535 m ³ a second on September 22nd, 1968. By comparing the first of these figures on a QIX scale exposed higher, it arises that this rising was not even of a vicennial nature, but hardly a little more than decennial, and thus rather ordinary and intended to reproduce rather regularly.
Arve is a very abundant river, strongly supplied with important precipitations which sprinkle the alpine high summits and in particular the Massif of Mont Blanc. The Lame of water past in this part of the catchment area of the river is of 1 419 millimetres annually, which is very high in France, and is lower only than the blade of some less important rivers of the area. The specific flow (Qsp) is assembled of this fact at 44,9 liters a second and per square kilometer of basin.
References
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