See also: Arnold

Arnold Aloïs Schwarzenegger (born the July 30th 1947 with Thal, a small village close to Graz, Austria) is a Culturiste, a Acteur, a Business man and a American Politician of Austrian origin .

Called the “Austrian Oak” ( Austrian Oak ) during its years of body-building, then “Arnie”, “Arnold” or “Schwarzy” during its career of actor, and more recently “Gouvernator” (mixture of the words governor and Terminator ), it were made known universally while becoming one of the largest body-builders of the history, with in particular five titles of Mr Univers and seven titles of Mr Olympia. Its exceptional physique opened to him the door of Hollywood, of which it became one of the largest movie stars of action, with films like Conan the Barbarian , Terminator , Predator and True Lies , but also of the comedies like Jumeaux or the Race with the toy .

Since the November 17th 2003, it is the 38e governor of the State of California.

Origin and private life

Arnold Schwarzenegger was born and passed most of its youth to Thal EIB Graz - or Thal - in Austria, small village close to Graz, capital of the Styrie. Its Christian name is Arnold Aloïs Schwarzenegger. His/her father, Gustav Schwarzenegger (1907-1972), is a former officer of the Austrian army become police superintendent thereafter while his/her mother, Aurelia Jadrny (1922-1998) is a widow of war. Gustav Schwarzenegger was member of the party Nazi and its paramilitary branch, the Sturmabteilung (SA). The parents of Arnold marry on October 20th, 1945, whereas Gustav has 38 years and Aurelia 23.

The elder one, Meinhard was the favorite of their father while Arnold was educated in a strict way. Arnold maintained good relationships with his/her mother and remained in contact with it until its death. In 1971, Meinhard is killed in an car accident and his/her Gustav father dies one year later. In the film Pumping Iron , Arnold declares that it could not go to the burial of his father because it was then in full period of drive for a great competition of body-building.

Child, Schwarzenegger tests many sports, but it is impassioned particularly for the body-building (bodybuilding) towards the 15 years age, after its trainer of football brings the team to a meeting of musculation. Its passion leads it to go to involve even the weekend in a room of gymnastics in Graz, whereas this one is closed. At that time, he declares with his father: “I want to be the man best built world, I want to go to America and to be an actor in films”. He attends also the cinemas and its gods are the actors reg. Park, Steve Reeves and Johnny Weissmuller.

In 1965 it is useful in the Austrian army, within the framework of one year the military service, obligatory for all the male Austrians 18 years old. During this military year of service, it gains the title junior Mr. Europe. It had had for that to make the wall of the barracks and it was punished for its absence not - authorized, but it gained nevertheless the respect of its superiors. This title is not the beginning of its career of body-builder; indeed this one goes back to 1963, when it had arrived 2nd of a minor competition organized to Graz, in Steirer Hof Hotel.

Schwarzenegger made its first voyage by plane in 1966, in order to take part in London with the NABBA Mr. Universe, the prestigious competition of body-building. It is there that it acquired the nickname of " Autrichien" oak; (or of the " Styrien" oak;), partly because of impressive sound gauge (107kg for 1.85m) and of a history of tractions made at the top of a oak on the banks of Thalersee. It arrived 2nd at the time of this competition, which it gained finally the following year, becoming thus youngest Mr. Universe of the history, at the 20 years age.

In September 1968, at the 21 years age, it leaves to settle in the United States, with a little rather low English level and pocket money. It settles in California and is involved in Gold' S Gym de Santa Monica, under the patronage of Joe Weider. For this period, he becomes the friend of the professional all-in wrestler " Superstar" Billy Graham .

In 1969, it meets Barbara Outland Baker, a professor of English with whom it will live in couple until their separation in 1974.

In July 1977, it meets Sue Moray, a assistant-hairdresser of Beverly Hills. One month later, Schwarzenegger becomes acquainted with Maria Shriver of the Famille Kennedy. It will maintain a relation with the two women until in August 1978, date on which Sue Moray fixes an ultimatum to him to make a choice between them. Schwarzenegger will choose Maria Shriver.

Become American citizen in 1983, it Marie with Maria Shriver in 1986. The couple will have four children: Katherine Eunice, born on December 13rd, 1989, Christina Maria, born on July 23rd, 1991, Patrick Arnold, born on September 18th, 1993 and Christopher Sargent, born on September 27th, 1997.

The body-builder

Schwarzenegger begins her extraordinary course with the body-building (bodybuilding). After its title junior of Mr. Europe in 1965, it takes part in many competitions and gains many titles, including 5 Mr. Universe (4 - NABBA (England), 1 - IFBB (the USA)) and 7 Mr. Olympia, the ultimate competition of the discipline. This record of 7 Mr. Olympia was beaten only well later, by Lee Haney, when it gained its 8th consecutive title in 1991, then by Ronnie Coleman which gained its 8th title in 2005.

In parallel, he studies psychology with UCLA, goes to the university of Wisconsin where he obtains a diploma of management and international economy.

Mr. Olympia

The goal of Schwarzenegger was to become the largest body-builder of the world, which means that it was necessary to gain the title of Mr. Olympia. Its first attempt in 1969, it fails finally vis-a-vis triple champion, Sergio Oliva. It takes its revenge on this last the following year and gains its 1st Mr. Olympia in 1970 thanks to a higher muscular definition.

It continued to connect the victories at the time of the following competitions, in 1971,1972,1973,1974 and 1975. A few months before its last competition of Mr. Olympia in 1975, the realizers George Butler and Robert Fiore convinced it to take part in it in order to film its drive in documentary on the body-building entitled Pumping Iron . Schwarzenegger had only three months of preparation for the competition, after having lost much weight for an appearance in the film Stay Hungry with Jeff Bridges. For this last year, Schwarzenegger is with her more high level and thus gains its 6th consecutive title by beating Lou Ferrigno. He announces his retirement of the competition then.

Schwarzenegger leaves her retirement while taking part in edition 1980 of Mr. Olympia. Simultaneously with his drive for the role of Conan the Barbarian (where it was to run, ride a horse or to handle the sword), it felt sufficiently in the fine shape to try to gain the competition last once. Its participation was however a surprise, because he publicly did not announce his intention to go there. He was ultimate once winner of the competition.

Schwarzenegger is regarded as an important figure in the history of the body-building, and an annual competition bearing its name pays homage to him. There remained influential in the medium of the cultrism very a long time after its retirement, because of its participation in magazines of gym or fitness. It also chaired various competitions or handing-over of rewards. During several years, he wrote a monthly chronicle in the magazines Muscle & Fitness and Flex . Shortly after its election at the post of Governor of California in 2003, he became executive editor of these two magazines, which agreed to give him 250.000 dollars per annum for all the initiatives that it would wish entrependre as regards fitness. The magazine MuscleMag International has a monthly article of two pages referring to him as being " Roi".

Discusses on the use of steroids

Schwarzenegger admitted to have used Anabolisant S in the form of steroids when their use was still legal. In 1977, it wrote on this subject that the " steroids helped it to maintain its mass muscular during the modes in the preparation of the compétitions" and that it " did not use them to increase its muscles".

In 1999, Schwarzenegger prosecuted Doctor Willi Heepe, a German doctor who had predicted his untimely death because of a bond between his consumption of steroids and his vascular problems later. As the doctor had never examined it personally, it gained its lawsuit and accepted 12.000 dollars of damages.

This same year, it also carried felt sorry for against the American newspaper to feelings The Globe which had made similar predictions on its future health condition.

According to her spokesperson, Schwarzenegger did not use steroids any more since 1990, when they were declared like illegal.

Its prize list in body-building

The movie actor

With the cinema, it obtains its first role in Hercules in New York (1970) under the pseudonym of Arnold Strong, its name being regarded as too complicated. Its services are then so bad and its so marked Austrian accent which it will be doubled by an actor.

It is under its true name which it makes a short appearance in an episode of the series the Streets of San Francisco. In 1977, it obtains the price of the Golden Globe decreed to the " better débutant" for its service in the film Stay Hungry (1976). The same year, he interprets his own role of body-builder in the documentary film Pumping Iron , presented to the Cannes festival.

Arnold Schwarzenegger is however truly cinematographic success as from 1982 with the film Conan the Barbarian (1981) of John Milius, in which it incarnates Conan Cimmérien, character of Fantasy celebrates it creates by the writer Robert E. Howard. It is definitively propelled star of action by playing unforgettable the androïde killer in Terminator (1984) of James Cameron. Whereas it was had a presentiment of at the beginning to interpret the role of Kyle Reese (incarnated by Michael Biehn), Cameron allots finally the role to him of the " méchant". Thereafter, Arnold connects large success like Predator (1987) of John McTiernan, Total Recall (1990) of Paul Verhoeven, Running Man or Terminator 2 . It signs more confidential muscular films like Commando and the Contract . Contrary to its rival and friendly Sylvester Stallone, Schwarzie also was success in the comedy: it starts in Jumeaux (1988) with Danny De Vito then connects other successes like a cop at the nursery school (1990), Last Action Hero (1994) and the Race with the toy (1996).

The end of the year 1990 and the beginning of the year 2000 mark the decline of the career of the actor: its last films, like the end of time (1999), At the dawn of the sixth day (2000) and Collateral damage (2002) are half-failures with the boxoffice and are not accommodated favorably by criticisms. He still joins again however with success by incarnating third once T-800 in Terminator 3: the rising of the machines . One sees it still making some appearances in Guest star in Bienvenue in the jungle and the Round the world tour in eighty days , before it is devoted to the policy.

Sometimes called “Schwarzy”, he played mainly in action films which propose its musculeux physique. He is in competition in this field with Sylvester Stallone. Moreover, in the film Demolition Man , whose main actor is Sylvester Stallone, it is referred to Arnold Schwarzenegger, like a wink from one high-speed motorboat to another. The action of this film proceeding in the future, Arnold is quoted there like having been elected president of the the United States (currently, that is impossible because of a law prohibiting to the individuals which were not born on the ground from the country to be presented).

In 1990, Arnold Schwarzenegger made its beginnings behind the camera by carrying out the episode the exchange of the series the Tales of the crypt .

Daniel Beretta lends his voice to Arnold Schwarzenegger in the French version of all its films since 1987, including for its appearances in Guest star.

Incomes of actor

The seals of Schwarzenegger knew the same evolution as its notoriety. Thus in 1970, for its 1st film, Hercules in New York it touched the sum from only 12.000$. Thirty three years later, in 2003 for Terminator 3: the rising of the machines , it touched this time 30 million dollars.

The business man

At the 30 years age, well before the beginning of its career with the cinema, Arnold Schwarzenegger made fortune in the real estate.

Schwarzenegger obtains an university degree in Businesses of the university of the Wisconsin. In 1968, Schwarzenegger and the bodybuilder Franco Columbu began the businesses in the building, after the terrible earthquake of 1971 with Los Angeles. Schwarzenegger invests part of her profits and profits gained at the time of competitions of musculation in its new real company, buys its first building for 10.000 dollars and invests then in several companies. He becomes millionaire then. Its residence is in Brentwood, the crested district of Los Angeles.

Arnold is one of the founders of the restaurants Planet Hollywood with Bruce Willis, Sylvester Stallone and Demi Moore, for finally leaving its shares in 2000.

The politician

Election at the post of governor of California in 2003

Political newcomer in , Arnold Schwarzenegger is one of the two candidates resulting from the Republican party at the post of governor of California in 2003, after the release - on the initiative of the republican parliamentarian Darrell Issa - of an impeachment per popular recall ( recall ) of Gray Davis, the democratic holder since 1999, re-elected the previous year.

The October 7th 2003, at the end of an electoral campaign confused and marked by a strong media agitation, Gray Davis is relieved by 55,4% of the voters, and with the second question going about the choice of a successor, Schwarzenegger is elected Gouverneur of California by joining together 48,6% of the votes (approximately 4,2 million voice) to finish the mandate. It in particular beat the democratic candidate thus Cruz Bustamante, associated of Davis, who obtained only 31,5% of the votes. 135 candidates had met the conditions to be able to postulate (to gather 65 signatures of support, and to deposit a check of 3500 dollars): among them, independent the Arianna Huffington, celebrates chroniqueuse whimsical political life, and candidates, like Larry Flynt, the pornographic press baron, Gary Coleman, the former young person high-speed motorboat of the televised series " Arnold and Willy" , Mary Carey, star of film X, etc the voter turnout amounted to 60%, against 51% in November 2002 for the preceding poll. In spite of charges of sexual harassment and misdemeanors misogynists formulated during the countryside, Schwarzenegger succeeded in convincing 42% of the women and 49% of the men. Favorite in the surveys, following the only public debate of the countryside, the September 24th 2003, it also surfé on the immense vagueness of unpopularity of the outgoing governor, however supported by the former president Bill Clinton. According to Alex Cooke, director of documentary Franco-British the Arnold with the conquest of the West ( How Arnold won the West , 2004), devoted to this election, Schwarzenegger transformed the poll which carried it to the capacity in spectacle entirely based on its statute of star of the Hollywood cinema. Money, celebrity and marketing thus dominated the electoral campaign, with the detriment of the political ideas, the program of Schwarzenegger being, of the remainder, primarily based on the denunciation of the excesses of expenditure and taxes allotted to the outgoing government. Procedure of the " recall" , in addition, seemed an operation of the republicans to take the control of the post of governor of one of the most important States of the Union, from the point of view of the federal presidential election of 2004.

Schwarzenegger takes her functions of governor, with the Capitole of the State of California to Sacramento, the November 17th 2003. The inaugural ceremony was opened by Vanessa Lynn Williams, his partner in the film the Eraser , singing the American national anthem. Among the other stars invited were Danny DeVito, Rhea Perlman, Dennis Miller and Rob Lowe (only Miller is republican).

Its first words as a governor were the following: Aujourd'hui is a new day for California. I did not present myself to this election to make the things in the same way that they were always made. My principal concern is to restore your confidence in the Californian government… This election was not held to replace a man. It was not held either to replace the majority party in place. It took place to change the entirety of the political scene of our State.

First mandate: governorship

2003 - 2004

As of her first hours of governorship, Schwarzenegger concretizes her electoral promise lower an increase of 200% of contributions out of automobile matter which had been installation to reinflate the cases of the State. The level is restored with that of 1998.

After her first day, Schwarzenegger proposes a plan with three objectives to cleanse the budget of California:

  • it proposes to join together 15 billion dollars US with sales of part of the inheritance of the State.
  • it invites the voters to vote an constitutional amendment limiting the national expenditure.
  • it proposes a complete reform of the system of assumption of responsibility of the industrial accidents for the Californian workers.

Schwarzenegger also asks the Californian deputies to meet in extraordinary session to obtain a restriction of the expenditure. It initiates this idea while agreeing to fill its mandate of governor without having wages, thus allowing the saving in 175.000 US dollars per annum.

To manage to reach her two primary goals, Schwarzenegger subjects the March 2nd 2004 proposals 57 and 58 to the vote of the Californian deputies to allow a balance of the budget. Proposal 57 was adopted with 63,3% of the votes and proposal 58 with 71% of the votes. The third objective is, as for him, accomplished with the adoption of a decree of the April 19th 2004 reforming the compensatory system of the Californian workers.

April 20th 2004, Schwarzenegger signs an order of application for the development of a new Californian network of highways to the Hydrogène, from here 2010. The goal is to accelerate the marketing of the vehicles equipped with combustible batteries running on hydrogen.

According to an investigation of the institute The Field Poll, in January 2004, after its first two months of mandate, the action of the Schwarzenegger governor was supported by 52% of the registered voters. In comparison, in March 1999, after two months of mandate, the action of the Davis governor was approved by 58% of the Californian ones. According to the opinion polls carried out then by The Field Poll, the rate of approval of the action of Schwarzenegger by the voters passes from 52% in January to 56% in February, then to 65% in May 2004.

August 4th, 2004, Schwarzenegger went to Las Vegas, in the Neighboring state of Nevada, to launch a national campaign of promotion, intended to encourage the companies installed in other States to invest in California and to create jobs there, with this slogan: Arnold Says: California Wants Your Business. (Actually, He says Kah-Li-fornia.) .

September 29th, 2004, a law prohibits the production and the sale of foie gras in California as from 2012.

At the national level, Arnold Schwarzenegger supports the outgoing republican president George W. Bush at the time of her countryside to be re-elected with the head of the Federal state in November 2004 - its intervention in favor of Bush at republican Convention of New York, on August 31st, in Madison Square Garden in front of more than 22.000 spectators, is particularly noticed.

Year 2005

In June 2005, according to investigations of the institute The Field Poll, the action of Schwarzenegger as a governor is supported by only 37% of the registered voters. They were 65% to approve its action in September 2004, and still 55% in February of the following year.

At the time of a maintenance granted to the journalist Governed the Diagrid, for the French magazine Paris Match, in its office of governor with Sacramento, at the beginning of the summer 2005, whereas it is asked to him whether, being moderate, it is always at ease within the Republican party, that of Dick Cheney and of Karl Rove, Arnold Schwarzenegger answers: I am at ease in the party which militates for less government, more private sector, a party which believes in more freedoms and lets people make deals without the government putting laws, taxes and taxes across their road. I am party which believes in a powerful army, which defends the order and the law, punishes the criminals, including by the capital punishment. It is too restricted to say that it is the party of Dick Cheney or that of Karl Rove. It is also that of Abraham Lincoln. There exists for a long time and we bring, me and the others, only one modest contribution. And we are not eternal. The ideas evolve/move with time. The Republican party goes from the center to the right-hand side. Me, I am firmly in the center .

In September 2005, Arnold Schwarzenegger announces that he will oppose his suspensive Veto to the bill of legalization of the Homosexual marriage, approved by the Californian Parliament with democratic majority. It estimates that the text contradicted the vote of the voters who had approved in 2000 by Référendum the private bill preventing California from recognizing the homosexual unions celebrated in the other States.

Wanting to pass in addition to the democratic opposition, Schwarzenegger submits to Référendum several private bills which it estimates essential to control. It then runs up against the nurses, the teachers, the police officers, the firemen, and their trade unions, concerned with these reforms but also with Warren Beatty, his principal detractor with Hollywood which conducts a very active campaign to ruin the referendum. The November 8th 2005, the voters finally clearly disallow the two most decisive reform proposals concerning, on the one hand, a limitation of the budgetary expenditure and a capacity increased with the governor in this field, and on the other hand, the transfer of the capacity of the boundary changes of the elected officials to the judges, as well as a proposal for a lengthening of the period necessary to the teachers of the public to be established, and that relating to a control of the trade-union contributions to the political parties.

This defeat is then considered the bad one forecasts for the governor who aspires to the renewal of his mandate, in 2006.

According to the Public Policy Institute off California, in one year, its approval rating near the voters fell from 69% of favorable opinions, in October 2004, to 38% in October 2005.

It is highly criticized to have, the December 12th 2005, is refused its thanks to condemned to dead one Stanley Williams, carried out the following day by lethal intravenous injection with the prison of State of Saint-Quentin. Political officials of its birthplace of Graz required two days after this refusal of grace that the stage is débaptisé bearing its name, to bear the name of condemned to death. In an official statement of the December 20th, Schwarzenegger says himself “disappointed” and counter-attacks by withdrawing itself the right to use her name which it had granted in 1997 and gives up its citizenship of honor. The stage of Graz is finally débaptisé in the night from December 26th to 27th 2005.

In December 2005, with a rate of approval of 34% (against 63% of negative opinions), it arrives only in 46e position in term of popularity among the 50 governors of the country (bearing SurveyUSA Survey on 600 residents of each state carried out from December 9th to 11th 2005. Margin of error of 4%).

Year 2006

The January 13rd 2006, Schwarzenegger refuses a news thanks to the oldest prisoner of California, Clarence Ray Allen, which had financed the murder of three people with Fresno in 1980.

July 13rd, 2006 it approves a law for the development of the green fuels in its State where roll nearly 33 million vehicles. California will have to produce itself forty percent of its requirements in biocarburants from here at 2020.

July 20th, 2006, Schwarzenegger asks her administration to provide a loan going up to 150 million dollars to reinforce a research program on the original cells, approved by the Californian voters at the time of a referendum in 2004. This decision intervenes in reaction to the veto put the day before by the president George W. Bush at a bill aiming at raising the limits posed in August 2001 to the federal financing of research on the embryonic original cells.

In August 2006, according to an investigation of the Public Policy Institute off California, from the point of view of the next electoral deadlines, Schwarzenegger is credited with 45% of the voting intentions, against 32% for the treasurer of State - or secretary with the Treasury of the State - Phil Angelides, its main adversary - democrat - in the race at the post of governor of California. The other candidates collect only 6% of the voting intentions, 17% of the potential voters undecided remainder. Among those which then affirm to want to vote for the outgoing governor, 51% of the white voters appear (" Whites") and only 25% of the voters of Hispanic origin (" Latinos"). August 30th 2006, Arnold Schwarzenegger signs an agreement with the Parliament of California - as a democratic majority - to decrease the production of Gaz to greenhouse effect, putting the State in conformity with the Protocole of Kyoto. Decision AB32 (Assembly Bill 32) envisages to reduce by a quarter the gas emissions to greenhouse effect from here to 2020. Financial sanctions will be taken against industries which do not respect this engagement. A market of license of emissions will be created and controlled by the Air Board Resources. With this " Total Warming Act" Solutions; , the governor of California made thus officially the decision of going, once again, against the policy of the president George W. Bush, here as regards ecology, by applying at the local level a policy of reduction of the gas emissions with greenhouse effect. Schwarzenegger even signed a new partnership with British the Prime Minister Tony Blair, which went to Los Angeles on July 31st, 2006, in order to share their knowledge on the fight against the Gaz with greenhouse effect and to promote the least polluting technologies together. The " Total Warming Act Solutions off 2006" (decision AB 32) was officially signed by the governor, at the time of ceremonies with San Francisco and Los Angeles, on September 27th 2006.

Schwarzenegger made fight against the Climate warming an central element of her countryside to be re-elected.

In September 2006, according to a new investigation of the Public Policy Institute off California, Schwarzenegger is credited with 48% of the voting intentions, against 31% for the democrat Phil Angelides. The other candidates always collect 6% of the voting intentions, the undecided ones accounting for 15% of the potential voters. 56% of the white voters and 30% of the voters " latinos" affirm to want to vote for Schwarzenegger. However, at the end of September 2006, according to another investigation of the service of information The Field Poll, Schwarzenegger is credited with only 44% of the voting intentions, against 34% for Angelides and with 15% undecided voters…

October 10th 2006, at the time of the presentation, with San Francisco, of the first plane of Virgin America, new airline company at low cost (" low cost") having installed her principal platform of correspondence on the international airport of this city, Schwarzenegger was pleased with the creation of 1.700 new jobs because of presence of the company in San Francisco, and recalled that since its election in 2003, California has creates more than 635.000 new employment. According to the Office of the Governor, unemployment rate in California east passed, since November 2003, from 6,8% to 4,9%. Always according to the same Office, in addition to the promotion campaign " Arnold Says: California Wants Your Business" mentioned above, and inter alia initiatives, the Schwarzenegger governor went in China, with the Japan and in Israel, to invite the tourists to visit California and to spend there their money, to encourage the companies to invest there and to create jobs there, and to praise the merits, near its neighbors of the world ( total neighbors ), of the Californian agricultural produce.

October 15th 2006, as wants it the use with the the United States, Schwarzenegger receives the support of a newspaper for its re-election: it is about the daily newspaper of center-left The Los Angeles Times which, while noting that its first year of governor was disappointing , stresses that thereafter Schwarzenegger improved her management. The newspaper greets moreover its standpoint who were distinguished from those of the Bush administration . Another daily newspaper of center-left, the San Francisco Chronicle gives its support for the governor leaving on October 19th 2006, affirming that Schwarzenegger, who is defined itself as conservative on the tax level, moderated on the social plan, and progressist on the environmental level ( fiscally conservative, socially moderate, environmentally progressive ), deserves to be taken back in its functions by the voters.

According to an investigation of the Public Policy Institute off California realized in the third week of October 2006, Schwarzenegger is credited with 48% of the voting intentions, against 30% for its main adversary Phil Angelides. The other candidates collect 9% of the voting intentions, 13% of the potential voters undecided remainder. The outgoing governor is supported by 56% of the white voters (" Whites") and only 25% of the voters of Hispanic origin (" Latinos"). Immigration and education are the main subjects of concern of the voters. According to this same investigation, the action of Schwarzenegger as a governor is supported by 52% of the voters and 47% of Californian in general. 81% of the Republicans approve his policy, 60% of the Democrats disapprove it, the Independent ones for their part being divided enough (45% approve, 47% disapprove). Its action is disapproved by a majority of the residents of the county of Los Angeles (54%) and area of Bay of San Francisco ( San Francisco Bay Area , 51%), Schwarzenegger being more popular in the south of California, apart from L.A. ( Other Southern California ), where 53% of the residents approve his action, and especially in Central Valley , where 57% of the residents support his policy. One finds a similar geographical distribution with regard to the voting intentions for the election of the governor: 63% of the voters of the area Other Southern California and 56% of the voters of the area of Central Valley affirm to want to vote for Schwarzenegger, against 38% in the county from Los Angeles and 40% in the San Francisco Bay Area .

October 27th 2006, Schwarzenegger signs an order executive to help California to become the leader of the revolution of telecommunications, by supporting the development of Internet networks to high-flow in the State, as well as the use by the government organizations of best technologies to serve the people, and by creating an work group, bringing together experts of the government and business world, charged to help the governor to identify and surmount the obstacles likely to prevent the general development of the access to the Internet high-flow in California.

October 30th 2006, Schwarzenegger takes part in the celebration of the fortieth birthday of the election of Ronald Reagan at the post of governor of California, with the presidential Library Ronald Reagan of Simi Valley: at the time of its speech, in particular marked in front of the widow of Reagan, he recalls his admiration for the personality and the work of the former actor become republican governor of California - elected official in 1966 - then president of the United States of 1981 to 1989, and commits himself trying to follow his example.

Re-election at the post of governor of California in 2006

Candidate declared with his own succession as of the September 16th 2005, Arnold Schwarzenegger emphasizes, at the time of the electoral campaign in 2006, the assessment of its first mandate: restarting of the Californian economy, reduction of the budget deficit of the State, lowers taxes, creation of more than 500,000 new employment, etc

In particular to believe of it official political Internet site of Schwarzenegger:

  • the outgoing governor invested more money in education and the public schools of the State that no other governor in all the history of California; in two years, 2,6 billion dollars were assigned to construction 540 new school buildings; in her budget 2005-2006, Schwarzenegger invested 10  325 dollars per annum for each pupil of California; since 2003, it increased the public finance of the higher education of 2 billion dollars;

  • it took strong initiatives in the environmental field, and in particular in the fight against pollution and against climate warming (see higher); he recommended alternative energies and clean, and even if its attempt at promotion of the engine with hydrogen did not have success, he thus laid down the objective of “a million solar roofs” ( million solar roofs ) for 2018; a reserve of more than 10 million hectares should be created in the Sierra Nevada ( Sierra Nevada Conservancy )

  • it worked to rationalize the government of the State, it making, and more person in charge more effective, more profitable in front of the people of California;

  • Schwarzenegger regards public safety as being its priority n°1; it constantly was due to the application of the law, supported the rights of the victims, and approved the legislation anti-criminality making California surer for the families of the country, face, in particular, with the criminals violent one and the sexual delinquents; it devoted 10 million dollars to the establishment of a Center of State of evaluation of the terrorist threat (State Terrorism Threat Assessment Center) and, in its budget of 2005, increased by 70% the financing of the repair of the stoppings and the plans of protection against the floods, several months before does not occur the catastrophe of the hurricane Katrina in Louisiana;

  • it created a Department of the Public health (Department Of Public Health), intended to face the medical catastrophes and with the epidemics of great scale; it supported the access of Californian to the drugs under regulation; it signed the legislation for the fight against childish obesity, and encouraged research on the embryonic original cells;

  • it invited the American Congress to set up a reform deepened concerning immigration; he constantly affirmed that any immigration policy must concentrate on the security of the national borders and to address itself in a way adapted to the million of illegal immigrants already present at the the United States; he affirms to understand that these illegal immigrants constitute a big part of the US economy and that to return them in mass is unrealistic, but if he recommended the adoption by the Congress of a programme of good sense for part-time jobs, he is not favorable to the concession of an amnesty for those which did not follow the legal channel to come to the United States, and always refused to grant driving licenses to these illegal immigrants.

The treasurer of State of California Phil Angelides, competitor democrat of Schwarzenegger, highlights the negative share of the assessment of the outgoing governor. Angelides announces in particular the worrying situation in which is the Californian prison system, which is, according to him, on the most expensive national plan, more the violent one, more overloaded, least effective to prepare the reintegration of the prisoners, and for the improvement of which Schwarzenegger did not do anything, personnel of the prisons being however under-manpower. Five years after the large revolving electric cuts of 2001, which had struck California after the collapse of the déréglementé system set up in 1998, Angelides also denounces the inaction of the outgoing governor concerning the energy management: during three years, Schwarzenegger did not do anything to prevent a new crisis of electrical energy, although he promised into 2004 that the situation would be put under control. According to her democratic competitor, Schwarzenegger serves as powerful private interests and turned the back on the Californian workers of the middle-class. Angelides evokes the increase, under Schwarzenegger, of the school fees in the public universities of California, also criticizes the fact that Schwarzenegger supported the policy followed by president George W. Bush in Iraq, and denounces the operation electoralist whom according to him the environmental policy of the outgoing governor constitutes, particularly proposed in the last weeks preceding the election, whereas Schwarzenegger was financially constant by companies of the sectors tanker and car. The countryside of Angelides, however, car very badly party of a recording where one intends the governor to hold of the remarks in racist matter and to qualify a deputy of cuban origin of heat . Schwarzenegger, of the remainder, while being moderate and favorable to a certain consensus bipartisan, leaves few possibilities of attacks to her adversary.

As in 2003, beyond the political programs, the electoral campaign seems to be dominated once again by the communication, appearance and notoriety… Only one public debate took place between Schwarzenegger and Angelides during this program, the October 7th 2006. To the money, to the charisma and the capacity, is added from now on for the outgoing governor and former actor, a new asset: Hollywood, which sets up a group of powerful voters, famous and fortunate, however close for a long time, for the majority of them, to the democratic party. Schwarzenegger receives the support of realizers thus, of producers and actors such as Steven Spielberg, Jerry Zucker, James Cameron, Jeffrey Katzenberg, Jerry Bruckheimer, Danny DeVito, Dustin Hoffman, George Clooney… According to the spokesperson of the realizer Steven Spielberg, “Steven and Jeffrey are the friends of Arnold, but they are especially sensitive to the approach not partisane of the governor. ”

According to an ultimate investigation of the institute The Field Poll before the election, at the end of October 2006, Schwarzenegger is credited with 49% of the voting intentions, against 33% for Phil Angelides. The other candidates collect 6% of the voting intentions, 12% of the potential voters undecided remainder. The outgoing governor is supported by 85% of the republican voters, only 21% of the democratic voters (59% of them support Angelides), and 39% of independent (" Non-partisans"). On the level of the communities, Schwarzenegger is supported by 55% of the white voters (" White non-Hispanics"), and 36% of the voters of Hispanic origin (" Latinos"). According to this same investigation, 78% of the voters think that Schwarzenegger will be re-elected.

The election for the post of governor of California takes place the November 7th 2006. It coincides with national parliamentary elections having to renew the whole of the seats of the Room of the representatives and a third of the Senate of the the United States, like with elections of governors in 35 other States. Without surprise, Arnold Schwarzenegger is re-elected for four years, with 55,8% of the votes (approximately 3,8 million voice) against 39,2% with the democratic candidate Angelides. In a context of national defeat of the Republican party to the parliamentary elections - democrats becoming majority with the Room of the representatives, for the first time since 1994, like with the Senate - and whereas the democrats, on the level of the States, gain six seats of governors until now prisoners by republicans, the outgoing governor of California succeeded in not being carried by the vague democrat. Since the failure of her referendum on her programme of reform in 2005, Schwarzenegger skilfully knew to center her image and to give him a more consensual character likely to allure if not the whole of the democrats, at least some of them - in particular in Hollywood -, as well as the independent ones; in addition, if it took its distances with the policy of president Bush in certain fields, in particular the environment, it however knew to spare its republican electorate by his matter acts and its standpoint, for example, of public safety, management of the national expenditure, economic growth, and immigration.

Second mandate: governorship

Year 2006 (continuation)

As of the shortly after his re-election, the Schwarzenegger governor leaves to accomplish, with his wife, an official trip two days to Mexico City, federal capital of the Mexico, and with Monterrey, capital of the Mexican State of the Nuevo Leon. It is about a voyage mainly to commercial goal: the governor is accompanied by 65 Californian persons in charge of the transport and tourism, agriculture, business world. Schwarzenegger in particular comes to promote the agricultural produce cultivated in California (spinaches, cherries, grapes, wines, etc). On the spot, it meets the outgoing Mexican president Vicente Fox, which came to California during the summer 2006, like its successor Felipe Calderon. November 9th 2006, it announces the creation of a new Californian Tourist bureau in Mexico City, similar offices having already been created with the the United Kingdom, in Germany, Australia and with the Japan. November 10th, it signs with its Mexican counterpart of the State of Nuevo Leon, an agreement (" Memorandum off Understanding") aiming at developing the co-operation between the two States in the fields of the economy, technology, education and the culture. Mexico is one of the principal business partners of California abroad.

Schwarzenegger signs, on November 14th, another " agreement; Memorandum off Understanding" , this time with the minister israëlien of tourism Isaac Herzog. This agreement aims at promoting tourism between the California and Israel.

December 5th, in Sacramento, the Schwarzenegger governor announces forthcoming reforms concerning the Californian boundary changes. It joint indeed with a lobby, exceeding political cleavages, " The Voice off Reform Redistricting Coalition" , to propose an constitutional amendment intended to modify the way in which the legislative districts of the State (" legislative districts") are drawn. This amendment must allow the creation of a commission of citizens for the boundary changes (" Citizens' Redistricting Commission"), made up of 11 independent people and representatives various political tendencies, reflecting the whole of the population of the State and free of any conflict of interest, commission which will have to launch a transparant process intended to redraw the limits of the " districts" for in particular facilitating the possibilities of political alternation at the time of the elections, possibilities considered too reduced by Schwarzenegger, which evokes a system which became insensitive, and which is wedged in the status quo , before adding: We must again bring competition in the political process and guarantee that our elected officials represent the full diversity of California and the will of the people.

December 21st 2006, Schwarzenegger reveals her reform proposal of the Californian penitentiary system, to face the problem of prison overpopulation and to reduce the high rate of repetition. He in particular proposes to devote 10,9 billion dollars to the financing of the increase in the places in the prisons of State and the prisons local - 78000 extra beds are envisaged on the whole - and to the financing of medical equipment, in order to anticipate the increase in the population and to bring to the prisoners and to penitentiary staff surer detention conditions and of work. Measures to protect the children against the sexual delinquents, to develop intended programs to fight against the repetition, and to reform the mode of the parole to allow a better application of the law, are also proposed.

Year 2007

January 5th 2007, the Schwarzenegger governor lends oath for its second mandate, at the time of an official ceremony to the Memorial Auditorium of Sacramento.

January 8th, he proposes a plan aiming at giving a universal medical insurance to the whole of the population of the State, while making share the cost with the companies, the citizens, the hospitals, the insurers and the government. This plan, according to him, must make it possible to save 10 billion dollars per annum, by reducing the costs and by redeploying the money which is already in the health system. There does not exist, with the the United States, of cover universal health at the national level.

January 10th, Schwarzenegger proposes a budget for 2007-2008 which, according to him, eliminates the public deficit, settles the national debt, and which includes/understands in particular investments in education, health, reforms the environment, and it prison system announced in December, the whole without increasing the taxes. He declares: I am very happy to announce today that in this new budget, our operating deficit Net was tiny room to zero. before adding: That was not easy and our hard work is by no means finished. We must continue our discipline. We cannot slip again into the same old habits. As I often said, we cannot make the same error use the incomes for a continuous expenditure. This budget is a responsible budget. the governor answers those which he regards it as having become independent, which he is not less to trust to be a republican and that it does not have no intention to replace the parties . The day before, it called however once again, at the time of its annual speech on the state of the State, before the Californian Parliament, with a consensus bipartisan of the republicans and democrats with the service of California, which is, according to him, the modern equivalent of old the city-States from ancient Greece, Schwarzenegger specifying that it has, according to him, ideas of Athens and the force of Sparte .

During a maintenance granted to the television channel ABC, diffused a few days after the advertisement, on January 10th, by the president George W. Bush, of the deployment of 21.500 additional soldiers in Iraq to try to stop violence in the country, where more than 3.000 American soldiers found the since March 2003 death, Arnold Schwarzenegger, which always approved the American intervention in Iraq, states to support the sending of these additional troops, informant who is needed " all to give to be vainqueurs" and that he does not want to see the " United States; to withdraw itself in perdants" because that would be " désastreux" for the Middle East. However, he also affirms to support the idea of a calendar for an American withdrawal by stages, position defended by the democrats.

January 18th, Schwarzenegger signs an executive order establishing a standard with low percentage of carbon for the fuels of transport sold in California (" Low Carbon Standard" Fuel;). The standard, which must make it possible to reduce the carbon intensity of the fuels, for the Californian vehicles with passenger, from at least 10% from here 2020, is presented like the first world standard of limitation of the Gaz to greenhouse effect in the field of the fuels of transport. It must make it possible to reduce at the same time the dependence to the Pétrole, which represents, according to the governor, 96% of the fuel used for transport in California, and the emissions of these gases with greenhouse effect of which more than 40%, in the State, are precisely due to the fuels of transport.

February 26th, Schwarzenegger signs a draft-agreement with the governors of the States of Washington, the Oregon, the Arizona and the New Mexico, creating the Initiative of the States of the West for an action on the climate, and thus setting up the requirements for a regional programme of limitation of the emissions of Gaz at greenhouse effect and a purse of exchange of the polluting gas quotas.

March 15th, the Schwarzenegger governor signs an executive order ratifying the decision SB 113 (Senate Bill 113) which envisages the displacement of the primary elections to appoint, in California, candidates with next the presidential election of the United States: these primary elections will take place from now on in the month February, instead of June, the years of presidential election, the latter taking place traditionally in November. It is a question of encouraging the candidates with the official nomination to present itself to the presidential election to come to make truly countryside in California - which is the State more populated of the United States, and more represented with the Congrès -, well before national Conventions of the political principal parties indicating the final candidatures, in order to make it possible to the Californian voters to weigh more in the candidate nomination of these great parties, engaged in the race with the White House, and thus in the national electoral campaign.

May 3rd, Schwarzenegger signs legislative text AB 900 (Assembly Bill 900, known as also " Public Safety and Offender Rehabilitation Act Services off 2007") concerning the reform of the Californian prisons: 7,7 billion dollars, intended to finance the addition of 53000 extra beds in the prisons, are thus devoted to the payment the problem prison overpopulation in California. The authorized budget amount and the number of beds finally envisaged have, seems it, re-examined with the fall, compared to what the governor had proposed in December 2006.

On May 29th, 30th and 31st, Schwarzenegger accomplishes an official trip to the Canada, with a delegation of Californian leaders of businesses accompanying it to examine possibilities of collaboration as regards trade, research and innovation. With Toronto, on May 30th, it signs with the Prime Minister for the Ontario, Dalton McGuinty, an agreement aiming at coordinating the respective policies of the California and Ontario in order to retard throttle with greenhouse effects coming from cars and trucks - agreements of the same type existing already between California and the Canadian provinces of the Manitoba and the Colombia-British -, like another agreement aiming at supporting research on the original cells with an aim of finding treatments against the cancer and the disease of Alzheimer. The same day, Schwarzenegger meets the First federal minister Stephen Harper with Ottawa, then, the following day, discusses with Vancouver with Gordon Campbell, Prime Minister for the Colombia-British.

June 25th, the Arnold Schwarzenegger governor, within the framework of a European round devoted to the environmental questions, goes in France and meets the president of the French Republic Nicolas Sarkozy, with Paris, the Elys3ee palace, to discuss with him the subjects related to environmental protection, and in particular the fight against climate warming. The two men also speak about TGV, public-private partnership and consider the setting-up, in 2008, of a commercial mission aiming at promoting the French products in California as well as the Californian products in France. In connection with Sarkozy, Schwarzenegger declares with the journalist presents, after her discussion with the French president: I enormously have admiration for him and I think that all the politicians in the world admire it for its policy of opening. It will insufflate a new energy in the relations between France and the other countries and with our State. It believes in the opening. For him, it is necessary to include people and not to see those which are not agreement with him like potential enemies. It is something which I myself did: I inserted in my cabinet of the people who did not think like me. The following day, June 26th, Arnold Schwarzenegger with London for a maintenance on the climatic questions with British the Prime Minister Tony Blair, its departure day before of Downing Street is. This meeting makes following the visit of Tony Blair in California the preceding summer, at the time which he had announced the installation of a transatlantic co-operation intended to reduce the gas emissions to greenhouse effect.

August 24th, Arnold Schwarzenegger signs the act of the budget of State of California, for 2007-2008, which creates reserve funds of 4.1 billion dollars, entirely ensures the financing of the expenditure concerning education and public safety, and settles the national debt, it reducing to zero, the whole without increasing the taxes for the fourth consecutive year. The governor is pleased publicly on this occasion which a compromise could be found between republicans and democrats, to lead to this budget, at the end of a difficult process.

September 24th, the Schwarzenegger governor is with New York, with the seat of the the United Nations, where he makes a speech at the time of a top on the climate, organized by the general secretary of the O.N.U., Ban Ki-moon. He evokes, on this occasion, in front of representatives of 150 countries, the engagement of the Californian State in favor of the climate, his wish to see the nearest concluding of a new international agreement taking over the Protocole of Kyōto, and declares in particular that, on his side, in the climatic field, " California pushes the United States beyond the debate and towards the action. "

Anecdotes

  • It bought one of the first Hummer S intended for a civil use in 1992. This model was so large (2900 kg and 2.1m broad) that it was classified in the heavy trucks. During its program for the post of governor, he had announced that he would convert one of his Hummers so that he runs on hydrogen. What it did in October 2004.

  • In April 2004, at the time of holidays with Hawaii (Maui), it comes to assistance of a bodyboardor taken of cramp and not being able more to swim, it brings back it on the beach distant from a hundred meters.

  • It appeared with the actor Jackie Chan, in a televised advertisement intended to fight against the hacking.

  • Since he became governor, its exact size became a subject with the debate, in particular on Internet. Officially of 6 feet and 2 inches (188 cm), of many people think that it is actually smaller, rather around 6 feet (183 cm).

  • In the feature-length film Simpson (2007), Arnold Schwarzenegger is the President of the United States.

Catalog of films

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