Arnold Adolph Berthold

See also: Berthold

Arnold Adolph Berthold or Arnold Adolf Berthold is a Médecin physiologist and German anatomist , born with Soest the February 26th 1803, dead the January 3rd 1861 with Göttingen.

He studies the Médecine with Göttingen in 1819 and supports his thesis under the direction of Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840). Berthold follows the courses of Anatomie of Conrad Johann Martin Langenbeck (1776-1851) and of Obstétrique of Friedrich Benjamim Osiander (1759-1822). He visits many universities of Germany as that of Iéna where he meets Lorenz Oken (1779-1851) and Georg von Kieser (1779-1862). He visits the hospital of the Charity of Berlin where he attends Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland (1762-1836) and Carl Asmund Rudolphi (1771-1832), chiefs of the school of Naturphilosophie . He also remains with Paris where he follows the courses of Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) and of Etienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772-1844).

Berthold becomes Privatdozent in 1825 and starts to teach physiology at the university of Göttingen where it will make all his career. It makes appear a handbook of biology in 1829 under the title of Lehrbuch der Physiologie of Menschen und der Thiere in two volumes and which will know several republications and in 1831 Beiträge zur Anatomie, Zootomie und Physiologie . He is extraordinary in 1835 and ordinary professor in 1836 of Zoologie and Comparative anatomy.

In the field of the Entomologie one owes him in 1827 the publication of Natiirliche Familien of Thierreichs. Aus dem franzosischen, put Anmerkungen und Zusatzen (Weimar). One also owes him of work on the Reptile S and on the Amphibien S. Curieusement, contrary to other zoologists of its time and following work of Blasius Merrem (1761-1824), he concludes in Beiträge zur Anatomie, Zootomie und Physiologie of impossibility of using the sternum in the classification of the birds because of the anatomical anomalies possible. Besides he quotes an example of error made by the use of this criterion to knowing separation of the Martinet of the Hirondelle S which are distinguished the first time by Constantin Wilhelm Lambert Gloger (1803-1859). He affirms moreover that classification linnéenne could not be exceeded.

One regards it as one of the founders of the Endocrinologie because it carries out the first endocrinological experiment. But its work falls into the lapse of memory. However, it suggests, as of its first publications, which there exists a bond humoral between the Gonade S and the secondary sexual characters. It pays, in 1849, its experiments on young people Coq S whom it castrates in various ways. It then establishes a relation between the nature of castration and the development of secondary sexual characters.

Sources

Jost Benedum (1999). The early history off endocrine concealment transplantation, Newspaper off Molecular Medicine , 77 : 30-35.
Michael Walters (2003). has off Concise History Ornithology , Yale University Close (New Haven, Connecticut): 255 p.

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