Arne Næss
Arne Næss (1912 -) is a Norwegian philosopher, founder of the current of the major ecology.
Arne Næss carried out its studies of philosophy to Oslo, supporting in 1933 a report of control entitled a discussion of the concept of truth . In 1934-1935, it is in Austria, in Vienna. It takes part in work of Moritz Schlick and the Cercle of Vienna. From these contacts, it draws matter with a thesis from doctorate devoted to the sociology of sciences, supported at the University of Oslo in 1936, and entitled Connaissance and scientific behavior . After research with the University of Berkeley near Edward Tolman and Clark Hull, it is named professor of philosophy at the university of Oslo, where it will teach of 1939 to 1969. In 1958, it founds the review Inquiry .
In 1940 and 1955, it takes an active part in various pacifist movements and, since 1970, it militates in favor of ecology.
Its philosophical work concentrates from now on on Spinoza, by including the influences of the Bouddhisme and of Gandhi.
Næss quotes the book of Rachel Carson Silent Spring appeared in 1962, like having been one of the major influences of its vision of major ecology.
In 1972, he invents the term major ecology ( deep ecology ), for a current of écologisme which breaks completely with an anthropocentric vision of ecology/ism.
Næss also engages in concrete activism: in 1970, with many demonstrators, it is connected with the rocks opposite the Mardalsfossen , the water falls in a Norwegian Fjord and refuses to go down as long as the projects to build a stopping there are not abandoned. Though the protesters were expelled by the police force, the demonstration succeeds in achieving its goal.
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