Arnault Tzanck

Arnault Tzanck (born with Vladicaucase, Ossétie of North, in 1886 - died in 1954) was a Médecin French and one of the pioneers of the blood Transfusion.

The speciality of Arnault Tzanck is initially the Dermatologie. In 1947, it will work out a dermatological test which still bears its name.

Of 1910 with 1914, it is internal with the Hôpital Saint-Louis.

During the First World War, he is doctor in the military ambulance. It is there that it becomes aware of the key role of the blood Transfusion.

Doctor of the Hospitals of Paris in 1927, he becomes department head with the Hôpital Broca, then with the Hôpital Saint-Louis.

In 1928, under the name of " Work of the Blood Transfusion d'Urgence" , Arnault Tzanck founds the first Center of blood transfusion to the Hôpital Saint-Anthony. The center will carry out 262 transfusions into 1929,3.738 in 1932 and more than 35.000 in 1948

In 1937, he becomes president of the hematologic research and blood transfusion Center founded by rested by a patron, Mrs. Raba Deutsch of Meurthe, at the Saint-Anthony Hospital.

1937 - 1938, it founds the International Société of Blood Transfusion and the French company of blood transfusion.

As of 1938, it studies the problem of the conservation of blood. This technique of preserved blood. would allow to avoid the transfusion of arm with arm.

During the Second world war, Arnault Tzanck, victim of violent attacks Antisémites are exiled in Chile to escape persecutions.

After the war, it takes again its service at the Saint-Louis Hospital.

In 1949, Arnault Tzanck creates the National center of blood transfusion, street Cabanel (in the 15th district of Paris). It agrees to devote the second stage of this center to a research laboratory medical on blood. It accommodates there, in particular, Jean Dausset, Marcel Bessis and Jean-Pierre Soulier, a specialist in the Homéostase.

Arnault Tzanck is one of the inspirers of the law of July 21st, 1952 , regulating the ethical principles of the Blood donation. According to this law, “blood and its derivatives are not drugs, do not constitute a good commercial, like resulting from the human body. ”

Jean Dausset brings back an aphorism of Arnault Tzanck: “Why believe when one can know? ”.

External bonds

Short biographical note on Arnault Tzanck
Homage to Arnault Tzanck by Professor Jean Cathala - April 17th, 1957

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