Arghoun

Arghoun, in Mongolian Arguun (towards 1258 - 1291), wire of Abaqa, grandson of Hülegü and successor of his uncle Ahmad Teküder, Persian fourth ilkhan of of 1284 with 1291.

Governor of the Khorasan revolted against his uncle who east converts with Islam, it walks on the Iraq. He is overcome by Ahmad Teküder close to Kazwin the May 4th 1284. After this defeat, the empire of it-qan approaches the Kiptchak and from the Mamelouk and is detached from the Mongolian empire. But Tekudar is victim of a plot (August 10th 1284) and Arghoun succeeds to him.

Arghoun attempts to restore the catastrophic economic situation of the country since the invasions of Hülegü. The cultivated grounds are in waste land and the cities are ruined. The country, controlled by the Mongolian decimal military system, is subjected to the plundering and the massacre of the peasants by the Mongolian soldiers.

Arghoun decides to replace the military government by a civil administration. It names the doctor of Jewish origin His `D od-Daoulé civil governor and Minister for Finance of Iran. This one restricts the capacities of the feudal commanders in the interest of centralization. It defends the donation or the alienation of the grounds and the inhabitants, the plundering and the perception of the particular tributes, and extends the scope of the courts on the landowners. It ensures the free worship of all the religions and makes judge the businesses of the Moslems according to the law of the Coran. It gradually makes replace the military governors by civil governors and thus alienates the feudal lords.

Arghoun seeks to find allies in Europe against the Mamelouks and the Kiptchak, but neither the pope Honore IV, nor the king of France Philippe Beautiful the answer its offers of alliance.

It sent in 1289 the monk Ouïgour Rabban Sauma in embassy near Philippe IV Beautiful the and of the king of England Edouard Ier with a missive which considered a joint attack against the Mamelouks.

It provides to Marco Polo the occasion to return to Venice because, having lost his favorite wife Bolgana (" Sable "), he asked his great-uncle Kubilai Khan to send a relationship of late to him, Kökötchin (" blue lady or céleste").

Marco Polo accompanied the princess by sea and overland route with other trustworthy persons and could return at his place after 23 years of absence and, Arghoun having died in the interval, Kökötchin married his/her son Ghazan.

His/her brother Ghaykhatou succeeded to him.

External bonds

Genealogy

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