Argan

The Arganier ( Argania spinosa ) is a endemic Arbre of the Morocco (in the area of south-west and in particular the plain of Under).

Scientific name: Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels, family of the Sapotacées.

Vernacular names: argan, argane, argan, wood of iron. It was previously called Sideroxylon spinosum , then Argania sideroxylon .

Description

The argan is a tree with the thorny branches - of where spinosa - of 8 with 10 m in height, very resistant and which can live of 150 with 200 years. It is adapted perfectly to the aridity of Moroccan south-west in particular has will esaouira --> and its silhouette is characteristic: broad and round summit, knotty, tortuous and rather short trunk, often formed of several interlaced parts.

The argan provides a very hard Bois, called iron wood, used primarily like firewood. The tree can transitorily lose its sheets in the event of great dryness.

The white flowers with greenish yellow appear in May - June. The fruit is a bay oval, spindle-shaped of 30 mm length approximately, yellow-brown with maturity containing a very hard nut sheltering two or three " amandons". A tree produces approximately 8 of it; kg per annum. The sheets, dark green and coriaces, are consumed by the camels. On the other hand, contrary to a tough legend, the goats they do not go up spontaneously in the Argan, indeed much of shepherds are made a pleasure of putting their goats in the tree, so that the tourists can take some stereotypes and this against some dirham S.

Its system racinaire particularly deep but is deprived of hairs absorbents (roots “magniloïdes”. It benefits from a Symbiose with various types of mushrooms to mitigate this deficiency, only the latter being able to bring the various nutrients to the tree. The artificial propagation and the setting in culture of that Ci thus requires the inoculation of several mushroom species on the level of its roots

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