Arc-and-Senans

Arc-and-Senans are a common French, located in the department of the Doubs and the area Franche-Comté. It shelters the Royal saltworks of Arc-and-Senans registered on the Liste of the world heritage of UNESCO since 1982.

Geography

Arc-and-Senans is a large borough of populated Doubs of 1381 inhabitants (figure INSEE 1999). It is located between the river Rents It and the forest of Lime to 250 m of altitude. The village is enough extended and composed of several hamlets: Arc, Senans and Vernois make so to speak only one agglomeration. The hamlets of Deffois, the All Saints' day mill, Rock on Rents are separate. The characteristic of the All Saints' day Mill is that it is necessary to pass through the common neighbor of CRAMANS located in the department of the Jura to reach it. Indeed, There is no bridge to serve this place directly known as. The economic life of Arc-and-Senans is largely turned towards tourism. The Royal saltworks attract 150.000 visitors per annum (year 2000). Moreover, a small industry there developed, turned mainly towards wood and to a lesser extent the plasturgie. Let us add to finish that the place of agriculture is not to neglect: there is still nearly ten exploitations. Traditionally, it is turned towards the breeding of dairy bovines and the cereal culture.

History

Traces of occupations going up at the time Roman were found, in particular to the place says Cretot. Bones as well as breakings of tiles and bricks are visible in the ground during earthwork. Abbot LETONDAL, in his book " Arc and Senans through the âges" published in 1927, reports rather completely the communal history.

Administration

Demography

Places and monuments

Arc-and-Senans has a rich person inheritance. There is initially the Saint-Benign church. Built at the XIXe century in the traditional style, it shelters several admirable tables. In particular ten paintings of the XVIIe century, classified with the historic buildings. The bell-tower was rebuilt with identical in 1921, following a fire of with a storm. The church has two organ.

One finds there also two castles, the castle of Rock and that of Arc. The castle of Rock is most important. In the beginning it is about a strong castle locking a node of communication and a ford on Rents. In 1756, it is entirely rebuilt by the marquis de Grammont who intends to make a residence of it. It is the castle resulting from this work that one can see today. The body of the building is flanked of two square towers to the roof with the imperial one. In 1864, Amédée Charon transforms it once again and establishes an industrial activity in the field. The castle is a private property, it is not visited. It is classified historic building since 1974.

The castle of Arc is more recent. It was built by Mr. Chaudois in 1751. The building is surrounded by a large park of three hectares protected by an enclosing wall. It is classified historic building since 1984. See a photograph of the castle on the site of the ministry for the Culture. There existed in Arc a third castle strong, Châtel-Rouillaud, but it burned in 1638. Today, there remains about it only the mound on which it was built.

The religious heritage of the commune is supplemented by several crosses built in the village and by the presence of two vaults. The Vault of Arc was built thanks to the gifts of parishioners and devoted in 1913. It is dedicated to Crowned Heart. The bell-tower was remade, it there has nearly 25 years: the farmers financed work by giving the product of the sale recent of the dairy. A complete restoration of the building was carried out in 1997 by one equip with voluntary.

The vault of the Cave of Essarts was built after the cholera epidemic of 1854. Abbot COUTTERET had made the wish build this monument, if the Virgin Mary protected parish. It is a stone building of size located on a natural headland, dominating it village and royal saltworks. A procession is organized each August 15th. In 2006, procession was carried out of night using torches, the vault being illuminated for the occasion, thanks to a generator. The common one renovated this vault by the means of a subscription.

But the most important monument of the commune, is the Royal saltworks of Arc-and-Senans

Personalities related to the commune

Claude-Nicolas Ledoux
Rene CHARON, 1861-1930, Administrator of Banque de France, Deputy of Doubs of 1919 to 1924, Member of the Commission of the agriculture and that of the economy and finances, Chairman of the board of the Flash Comtois, President of the Union of the catholics of Besancon, President of the Federation of European and International Public Service Unions Agricultural of Doubs, President of the Union of the Rural and Working Cases of France, Vice-president of the regional case of Burgundy and Frank County, Vice-président of the Agricultural Union of the Center Is, Vice-président of the Forest Company of the East, Administrateur of the branch of the Savings bank of Besancon with Arc and Senans, Membre of the room trade-union of the central union of the trade unions of the farmers of France, Member of the room of agriculture of Besancon, Member of the Academy of Science, Arts and Beautiful Letters of Besancon, Knight of the pontifical order of Gregoire Saint the Large one. He married Anne Marie JACQUARD and was the son of Amédée CHARON, engineer of Arts and Manufactures, under principal Central, industrial and landowner, and of Anne Alexandrine NICOLAS of MEISSAS.
the Father Jean François STONE, born in 1834 in a family of farmers of the village. It integrated the Foreign missions of Paris and became priest in 1861. It left on mission in the Known-tchuen Eastern one (current China). It was killed the 2 janiver 1869
Monseigneur Joseph-Auguste KNIGHT, born on March 16th, 1814. It is ordered priest in 1837 and integrates the Foreign missions of Paris. It carried out its mission in India. November 11th, 1873, it was named bishop of Hiérapolis and apostolic vicar of Maïssour. He dies on March 25th, 1880 of a pleurisy and is buried in the chorus of the cathedral of BANGALORE in India.
the Father Pierre PONCET, born with Arc and senans on April 28th, 1932. It made its secondary studies at the school of the Control of the Cathedral of BESANCON, then enters to the Great Seminar of this same city. In 1953, it made its military service and asked, in 1954, its admission with the Foreign missions of Paris. In 1956, he was again convened by the army, to go to Algeria, to be useful as second lieutenant during a few months. Income with the street of the Vat in Paris - seat of the Foreign missions of Paris, it there was ordered priest, on February 2nd, 1958 and accepted its nomination for the apostolic vicariate of Huê (Vietnam Center). He died in Huê of a gust of machine-gun on February 13rd, 1968, like another missionary, father CRESSONNIER.
Bernard Jobin, artist

See too

Common of Doubs
Station of Arc and Senans

External bonds

Arc-and-Senans on the site of the national geographical Institute
Arc-and-Senans on the site of INSEE
Arc-and-Senans on the site of Quid
Localization of Arc-and-Senans on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Arc-and-Senans on Mapquest
UNESCO Centers world heritage

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