Aquitanian

The Aquitanian , Ibéroaquitains , are also called Protobasques but this last term is less used in order to avoid any amalgam between the protohistoric populations and the Basques of today. The Aquitanian ones lived breeding of ewe, cows and horses. They occupied the zone ranging between the the Western Pyrenees, left bank of the the Garonne and the Atlantique. It was thus the triangular space formed by the Gascogne. Those which lived the Pyrenean valleys practiced transhumance through the Iberian peninsula, those of the interior of Gascogne lived agriculture of corn. It is known that they knew the manufacture of iron and the work of gold and the money (the Tarbelli of Chalosse). They did not form a political unit before the arrival of the Romans, but they had a strong feeling of identity membership which appeared when they were in danger. Posidoni and Jules César noticed that they were connected more with Ibères than with Gaulois. According to Gerhard Rohlfs, their language, related with that of Aragonese Pyrenean, was intermediate between the language of the Vascons (Basque tribe ) and that of the Gallic one.

Principal tribes

Suburates ( Sibuzates in Latin?) in the Soule
Oscidates
Onesii with like Onobriva (Luchon) centers, Hautes-Pyrénées.
Campanii
Tarbelles ( Tarbelli in Latin) in Chalosse, with like centers Aquae tarbelliae (Dax).
Garoumnes ( Garumni in Latin) in the Valley of Aran and in the high-valley of the Garonne, with like centers Salardunum (Salardú).
Biguerres ( Bigerriones in Latin) in Bigorre.
Vernani in the Pyrenean Piedmont.
Tarusates with the center with Tartessium (Tartas).
Ausques ( Auscii in Latin) most and most known, they occupied the Moors, Gers, the Hautes-Pyrénées and practically all the Gascogne, with the center with Illiberis (Auch)
Elusates in Armagnac, they dominated Condomois (Gers).
Lactorates ( Lactoratenses in Latin?) in Lomagne, their capital was Lactora (Lectoure), between Gers, and Tarn-et-Garonne.
Sotiates with the north of the Condomois and the canton of Nérac (Lot-et-Garonne), with the center with Sotium (S.O.S).
Cocosates with like centers Cocosa (between Dax and Bordeaux).
Boïates ( Boii in Latin) in the Moors
Vasates in the Moors
Convènes ( Covenae in Latin), with like centers Lugdunum Convenarum (Saint-Bertrand-with-Comminges today)

Notes and references of the article

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