Apus

History

Antiquity

The first reference to Grenoble goes back to -43. The borough is called then Cularo and was founded by Gallic Peuples called Allobroges. It is only one small Gallo-Roman village compared to cities such as Vienna or Valence. A bridge of wood with the site of the current St. Lawrence footbridge then makes it possible to pass from the Savoy to the Gaulle.

In 286 is built an enclosure surrounding nine hectares and whose certain elements persist still today in several points of the city (of the metal pastilles are laid out on the layout of this enclosure with the inscription Cularo 3rd century ).

Touched by the reception that the inhabitants of Cularo reserved to him, the emperor Gratien raises the city with the row of “City”. The city is famous Gratianopolis in 377 in the honor of this emperor. Its name will be transformed thereafter into Graignovol then Grenoble after one had associated the noble word there in reference to the King de France, owner of the Dauphiné. It remains today of the period Gallo-Roman and the 4th century the St. Lawrence crypt and the baptistry of Grenoble, used until the 9th century and updated in the years 1990 during the construction of the tram. Several portions of the enclosing wall Gallo-Roman are also visible in the old city in particular street Lafayette.

the Middle Ages

In the night from September 14th to 15th 1219, Grenoble is devastated by a rising without precedent. August 10th 1191, the bed of the Romanche is barred by a crumbling which creates a natural stopping on the level of the throats of Infernet with Livet-and-Gavet. A lake, called the St. Lawrence, is formed then on kilometers upstream in the plain of the Bourg of Oisans until practically reaching the village, renamed “Saint-Laurent-of-Lake”. September 14th, 1219, a violent one storm brings a surplus of water which causes the rupture of the stopping at 10 p.m. and the draining of the lake. A wave descends Romanche then the Drac and is thrown in the Isere. Grenoble is rather saved by this first raw because the city does not extend until Drac. But the rise of the level of the rivers causes a backward flow of the Isere which runs with misconception during a few hours and forms a lake in the Grésivaudan with the height of Meylan. When the fall of Drac occurs, it is the lake of the Isere which is emptied in its turn. The level of water goes up then in the city and the inhabitants leave in the streets to flee. The night having fallen, the doors of the city are closed and the inhabitants find themselves taken with the trap on the quays and are carried by the floods. Thousands of people perished. The catastrophic assessment is partly explained by the behavior of a commercial fair at this period in Grenoble. The merchants knowing little about closing times of the doors and the goods encumbering the streets, the number of the victims was weighed down. Grenoble will spend years to be gone back some because much of inhabitants died and the bridge was carried. The dolphin Guigues-Andre will exempt taxes all those which suffered from the rising.

Rebirth

During the Middle Ages, then in the rebirth, Grenoble becomes the capital of the Dauphiné and sees the creation of a university at the 14th century little before the repurchase of Dauphine by the France on March 30th 1349 with the Traité Novels. This repurchase is singular because it is the proper sovereign of Dauphine, Humbert {{II}}, dolphin of the Viennese and without heir, who sold his kingdom in France in order to sponge his debts. The first Dolphin which resided in the province and controlled it was Louis {{XI}}.

In 1453, Grenoble is the third French city to obtain its Parliament, making it pass to the statute of provincial capital.

Pierre Terrail, lord of Bayard is born with Pontcharra in 1476. Its statue throne in the center of the Saint-Andrew place of Grenoble.

The Réforme starts catholic violent one confrontations between S and protesting S of Grenoble.

In 1562, Mongiron, catholic captain, seize the city. The huguenots are thrown to the Isere. The city is taken again without combat by the baron of the Adrets, which avenges deaths. The constable of Lesdiguières seizes the city while passing by the Bastille and decides to strengthen Right Bank of Isere by building a wall joining the Door of France (in the West) to the St. Lawrence door (in the East). He transforms the city by building the palate delphinal and the Garden of City as well as sewers, bridges, fountains,…

17th century

The Counter-Reformation allows the construction of the convent Holy-Marie-of in-High (1622) (current the Musée from the Dauphine) and of the college of the Jésuite S.

18th century

In the middle of the 18th century Louis Mandrin prevails which stole the rich person and redistributed its larcenies with the poor. It directed to 300 men and was coiled sharp in Valence in 1755.

Birth of Henry Beyle, more known under the name of Stendhal in 1783, street of the Old Jesuits (today street Jean-Jacques Rousseau).

The June 7th 1788 is a key date in the history of Grenoble, France and the French revolution. On this date takes place the “Journée of the Tiles” : the protests multiplied since May following the advertisement of the dissolution of the Parliament from the Dauphine by Louis {{XVI}} and on June 7th these agitations push the garrison to intervene. This one will be received by jets of tiles launched by the inhabitants of Grenoble assembled on the roofs. They are there the preludes of the French revolution. Following these events, Louis authorized the meeting of the General states of the province with Vizille, at the origin of the General states in Paris. A representation of this day is with the Musée of the French revolution of Vizille (one distinguishes very clearly the old convent there who will become the Stendhal school residence thereafter). The “fountain of the Three Orders” on the Notre Dame place pays homage to From the Dauphine which carried the first steps of the French revolution. It was carried out by the sculptor Henri Ding to celebrate the centenary of the events in 1888. Grenoble was not the only hearth of agitation but its elected officials were further in the political claims and gave to the movement a national repercussion.

The city was renamed Grelibre with the revolution and will take again its current name only under Napoleon.

19th century

March 7th 1815, Grenoble triumphantly accommodates Napoleon of return of exile of the isle of Elba. The layout of its increase towards the capital at the beginning of Gulf-Juan will be called Route Napoleon, it passes and finishes in Grenoble which occurred Jean Perrot.

The Bastille is transformed between 1824 and 1848 by the general Haxo and takes its current aspect.

The last urban enclosure is altered at the time of the war of 1870 against Germany.

20th century and 21e century

During the time of the interval wars, the city knows a very strong Italian immigration coming from some villages like Corato. These Italian immigrants settle mainly on Right Bank of the Isere in the St. Lawrence district.

Under the mandate of the mayor Paul Mistral, native of the Dead, the city accommodates in 1925 the World Fair of the Hydro-electric power (hydraulic power by pressure pipes) and of tourism. The mayor benefits from the occasion to open the city towards the South:

the ramparts are destroyed (except for always visible sections on the side of the Forum and the Musée of Grenoble) and the grand boulevards are arranged on their current site;
the exposure is installed on an old military working area in the South-east of the city and which will become the park Paul Mistral after the dismantling of the houses of exposure except for the turn Perret, building of Reinforced concrete 80 meters height.

In 1934 is built the cable car of the Bastille which gives access very easily an astonishing point of view on Grenoble.

May 26th 1944, the city is bombarded by the Allies. The same year, it is named “Compagnon of the Release” by the provisional government of the Général de Gaulle.

June 10th 1961, Grenoble opens the first Family planning of France, which then represents a crucial step in the combat carried out by the defenders of a maternity free and chosen.

Grenoble is selected in 1964 to organize the Winter Olympics of 1968. This major event will modify the aspect of the city considerably:

construction of the Olympic village on the site of the aerodrome Jean Mermoz;
construction of the stage and sport hall Charles Berty in the park Paul Mistral (destroyed today to leave room to the new stage of agglomeration);
construction of the new Town hall and the House of the Culture (repabtized MC2 after its enlarging in 2004);
construction of the new station and the new layout of way the SNCF more in the South;
construction of the autoponts of the grand boulevards (destroyed today following the creation of the line C of the tram) and of Gières (on the road of Saint-Martin-in Uriage which gives access the ski station of Chamrousse);
transfer of the universities on a single Campus to American (divided between the communes of Saint-Martin-in Hères and Gières), which was new in France.

The city develops enormously towards the south starting from this date: the urbanization is continuous between all the communes of the agglomeration, Villeneuve and the Grand-place shopping mall is built in the Années 1970, the exhibition site Alpexpo is installed in extreme cases with Eybens, the highways (A48, A41, A49, A51 and A480) arrive at Grenoble and the southern Rocade is built.

In 1987, Grenoble is the second French city after Nantes to reintroduce the tram downtown.

Lastly, in the Years 1990, Alain Carignon then mayor of the city, proposes the creation of a district of business, Europole. This district is today the great center of congress of the city as well as the symbol of its development.

The unit ends up constituting a whole rather not very homogeneous, devastated by the architecture of the years 1950-1960. The historical center, small for an agglomeration of this size and little emphasized is not free from unhappy insertions like the Tourist bureau. But it is the subject currently of a valorization thanks to the classification in 2005 of the old center in Protection zone of the Architectural Heritage Urbain and Paysager (ZPPAUP). The " gris" frontages gives to the city a particular chromatism reinforced by a rather strong density of constructions. Whole districts born ex-nihilo in the years 1960 or 1970 like Mistral, Teisseire or Villeneuve with the typical architecture of the ZUP are as many witnesses of a city which grew too quickly. The cities of the agglomeration, non-existent 50 years ago, are most of the time old villages today made up of buildings of the years 1960-1970. Grenoble is a " champignon" city; who, supported by his economic development, pushed at the worst period of the architectural history.

However, Grenoble obtained four flowers with the Concours of the cities and flowered villages with the prize list 2006.

The town of Grenoble east candidate to the Winter Olympics 2018.

Grenoble and its blazon

The weapons of Grenoble are of gold to the three pinks of mouths . The origin of this blazon varies according to the historians, here some probable assumptions:

According to some, the three pinks would represent the three capacities which were exerted on Grenoble: The bishop, the Dolphin, and consuls of the Parliament of the Dauphine . However the three pinks perhaps made their appearance before the Dolphins and the Parliament.

Of other historians thinks that the three pinks represent three saints venerated in the Dauphine one: Saint Andre which was patron saint of the Dolphins (he appears on the seal of Guigues VII) and collegial of Grenoble bears its name. The second, Holy Jean-Baptiste which was the owner of the townsmen. And finally, Holy Vincent owner of the diocese of Grenoble.

In manner symbolic system, the red roses, the figure three and the equilateral triangle could represent wisdom, the force and the beauty.

Geography

Situation

Grenoble is located between the solid masses of the Vercors (in South-west), of the Chartreuse (in North) and Belledonne chains it (in the East). It is roughly in the center of the French part of the the Alps and for this reason is often regarded as the “capital of the Alps”.

The city is mainly built with the confluence of Isere with Drac. Located on the alluvial plain of Isere, formerly glacial zone, Grenoble are often regarded as the city more punt of France and Europe. Its average altitude (with very little difference from one district to another) is of 214 meters, which makes it favourable with displacement with bicycle. The city surrounded by very close mountains made say to Stendhal. The sports of mountain and in particular the ski give to Grenoble a tourist attraction some: a score of ski stations surround the city of which closest are only at thirty minutes by the road.

It was not built at the origin with the Confluent of Drac ( the dragon ) and of Isere ( the snake ) but against the Bastille, at the only place of the valley of Grésivaudan making it possible to accommodate a bridge: Isere then comes to butt against the Bastille and does not lose itself in meanders which move unceasingly. It is dominated by the Bastille, old a defensive Forteresse built over a height culminating with 475 meters and accessible since the downtown area by a cable car called commonly “the bubbles”. Behind the Bastille starts the Regional natural park of Chartreuse.

Grenoble-native agglomeration at the January 2005

Claix, Corenc, Domène, Échirolles, Eybens, Fountain, Fontanil-Cornillon, Gières, Grenoble, the Mug, Gua, Meylan, Murianette, Noyarey, Poisat, the Pont-de-Claix, Saint-Egreve, Saint-Martin-with Hères, Saint-Martin-the-Vinoux, Saint-Paul-with-Varces, Sassenage, Seyssinet-Pariset, Seyssins, Varces-Allières-and-Risset, Veurey-Voroize and Vif currently form part of the Communauté of agglomeration Grenoble the Alps Métropole.

The current territory of this Communauté of agglomeration counted: 389560 inhabitants in 1999 (estimated at: 398906 inhabitants at January 1st, 2007).

The urban Unité of Grenoble counted: 419334 inhabitants in 1999 and its urban surface: 514559 inhabitants.

Districts and town planning

The Green Island

This excentré district is located at the North-East of the center town but independent of this one. Its name comes owing to the fact that it is entirely enclosed in a Méandre of Isere. One discovers there three higher constructions of the city called the Three turns measuring each one 98 meters height (without counting the antenna of the Belledonne tower) as well as the “S”, a long building of the shape of the letter located close to the Three turns .

The avenue of the Randon Marshal who leads to the CHU of Grenoble located on the commune of the Mug separates this district in two parts and is borrowed by the line B of the tram Grenoblois.

Chorier-Berriat

Also called Saint-Bruno in reference in the name of the church of the district, this old working district is located at the West of the city. It is bordered by the Drac in the West and by the district of Water-Clear in the South. There remains separate other districts of Grenoble by the way of railroad.

This district shelters “the Store”, an old industrial building of Grenoble transformed into National center of Contemporary art (CNAC) where exposures take place there systematically. One finds there also theater 145, the ADAEP, etc

Two important markets are held in this district: that of the place Saint-Bruno and that of the pier. First is cosmopolitan, the second reserved for the food. A part is reserved to the local producers.

The Berriat course which crosses the district is borrowed by the line has Grenoble-native tram and by the line B starting from the intersection Berriat course/street Abbé Gregoire.

Europole

The scientific Polygon

Located on the peninsula, with the confluence of the Drac and the Isere in the North-West of Europole, the Scientific Polygon of Grenoble includes/understands a whole field of at the same time private and public research which represents close to: 10000 paid. One can in particular quote ECA, CNRS, ESRF (Synchrotron), ILL, EMBL or STMicroelectronics and Minatec, the European center of the nanotechnologies.

Since July 1st, 2006 is open the European pole of innovation on the search engines of “Yahoo! Search” in France. The purpose of this site of development is to innovate in world and local research on Internet while being based on “Yahoo! Questions and answers” (of the Net surfer S volunteers substituent with the Search engine on the same principle as Wikipédia). In Europe, only Barcelona (Spain) is equipped with such buildings.

The scientific polygon is the subject of a new development program, called GIANT (for Grenoble Isere the Alps Nano-Technologies), being established over one duration from 15 to 20 years, which aims at giving a new breath to the almost-island. It envisages the insertion of the polygon to the downtown area of Grenoble, with the construction of trade, new residences, of parks, the installation of companies, the prolongation of the line B of the tram, the Northern by-pass, thus giving a " âme" with the site to make new the " of it; poumon" economic of the area and the new international window of the town of Grenoble.

Alpexpo - Town square

Great complex in the South of Grenoble including/understanding the double shopping mall “ Town square - Crossroads Échirolles ” (140 signs), the exhibition site Alpexpo (: 42000 m ²), the center of congress Grenoble the Alps Congress (auditorium of thousand places), the Highest (concert hall of: 5000 places assises / debouts) as well as the skating rink South pole (larger skating rink fixes France with: 3500 sitted places).

Southern districts

The popular quarters of the city extend on all its Southern part. The sectors of the Olympic village and Villeneuve (Harlequin, Wandering entertainers) are classified in Free urban zone. The sectors Mistral, Abbey, Jouhaux are classified in Disadvantaged urban area.

The district of Villeneuve is a great unit built with an ambition of social diversity, at the time where the city was directed by Hubert Dubedout. Tenants and owners of their housing are mixed there, around vast green areas. The original Utopia was gradually transformed into " district sensible" , following policies of attribution of the social housing concentrating the social difficulties in the same districts.

Downtown area

It extends from the station the SNCF and road to the Green Island while passing by the historical center (of 16th at the 18th century). Vertically, it leaves the bastille to the grand boulevards. It joins together with him only a good number of districts: Eagle, Reciprocity, Championnet, Victor Hugo-Grenette (Hyper-center), Saint Laurent, Notre-Dame, Phillipeville.

One can discover there the quays of Isere, the Bastille, the Notre-Dame place, the place Victor Hugo (19th century), the Grenette place, the place of Verdun, the Garden of City but also of the architectural buildings representative of the 20th century, the Town hall, the Mistral park and the urbanization close to the sector of the Green Île (which does not form part of the center).

The Hyper-center, is the name given to the zone which joins together the Notre-Dame Places, Grenette, Victor Hugo, Dr. Martin, Verdun as well as the continuation of boulevards: Jean Bread - Lyautey - Agutte Sembat - Edouard Rey. This place represents the point headlight of the city. Even if the trade are concentrated in the totality of the downtown area, it is the Hyper-center which is more moving, and whose circulation becomes very difficult at the rush hours, the policy of the city being to limit the access to the vehicles. All the lines of bus of Grenoble are connected there and the tram is very present there.

The park Paul Mistral

This park shelters the Town hall, the turn Perret height a 80 meters as well as a great sports complex made up of the Sport hall of Grenoble, old skating rink, race track and plain of the plays. It is located at the East of the downtown area.

It is also the place of reception instead of the old stage, of new the Stade of the Alps, whose construction was the object of a sharp polemic on its legitimacy.

Grand boulevards

Demography

the population of the town of Grenoble, after having reached a peak in 1975 with 166.037, did not cease decreasing until in the Années 1990, where it set out again with the rise, raises which is confirmed today since the population of the city is estimated according to INSEE at 156.600 inhabitants in 2005. Grenoble is today the densest third the city-center of France, after Paris and Lyon with 8.557 hab/km ².

the population of the Grenoble-native agglomeration will know a very strong increase during the 20th century, related to the industrial development which the city will know. A long time Grenoble remained a small town of province, with a rather stable population.

Then the city will make its great strides thanks to the glove factory and then the Hydro-electric power, at the beginning of the 20th century, involving an important arrival of foreign immigrants, in particular of Italians (Grenoble and its agglomeration present an important Italian community), and an increase in the population.

But it is especially after the Second world war, during the Années 1960 and 1970 that Grenoble will know its true expansion, being characterized by a very strong increase in the population (accentuated by the Rural migration of the time). Grenoble then knows one of the most considerable growths among the towns of France.

It then strongly slowed down starting from the end of the year 1970, to arrive at a rather weak growth today, even if the rate/rhythm tends to accelerate slightly.

Administration

See also: List of the mayors of Grenoble

Grenoble is member of the Communauté of agglomeration Grenoble the Alps Métropole commonly called the Subway .

Grenoble is divided into two districts, 6 sectors, 22 districts and six cantons :

the 1 {{er}} canton (Reciprocity, St Laurent, the Green Island, Abbey-Jouhaux, Teisseire) account 32 986 habitants ;
the 2 {{E}} canton (Hyper-center, Park Paul Mistral) account 24 836 habitants ;
the 3 {{E}} canton (Ally-Alpine, Alliance, Malherbe, Vigny-Musset, Wandering entertainers, Giants) account 21 853 habitants ;
the 4 {{E}} canton (the Eagle, the Hood) account 20 029 habitants ;
the 5 {{E}} canton (Peninsula, Europole, Berriat-St Bruno, Clear Water) account 30 012 habitants ;
the 6 {{E}} canton (Mistral, the Rondo, Beauvert, Olympic village, Harlequin) account 23 601 inhabitants.

Sectors

Grenoble is divided into 6 Secteurs. These sectors divide the city into parts directed by antennas town hall. They are thus not municipal districts, as with Paris, Lyon or Marseilles.

1st (Peninsula, Europole, Berriat-St Bruno)
2nd (Hyper-center, Eagle, Championnet, Reciprocity, Green Island, the St. Lawrence, Bastille)
3rd (Rondo, Water-Clear, Mistral)
4th (Hood, Ally-Alpine, Bajatière)
5th (Park Paul Mistral, Teissere, Malherbe)
6th (Harlequin, Villeneuve, Olympic village, Giants)

Transport

Highway infrastructure

Public transport

Urban transport, network TAG (transport of the Grenoble-native agglomeration) :

Network of Tram :

Four tram lines are in service. In fact the lines, and will be prolonged in 2009 for the line (towards the scientific polygon), and in 2013 for the line on the two sides of the line (Towards the terminus of the line with Pont of Claix for the Southern prolongation, and towards Sassenage for the Nord prolongation;)
the line of ten kilometers should see the day in 2012, to replace the current line of bus. Its Northern terminus would be: Fontanil-Cornillon Residence Mutualist. Its southern terminus is still being studied, either a passage by the Gambetta Boulevard, or a passage by the Course Jean Jaurès)

Network of drunk : 25 lines of bus.

Network of Noctibus night: 4 lines of bus in evening (of 21:00 at midnight) and 4 lines of tram (circulating until 1:00 of the morning).
Network of Trolley bus: Project being studied for the lines, and by SMTC Grenoble

interurban Transport via the network Transisère depend on the General advice of Isere and gathering all the conveyers comprenant :

hundred lines of bus (of which a line directly connecting the Airport of Grenoble - Saint-Geoirs, known as Grenoble-Isere in Grenoble);
three lines Express train (, and).

" Subway Bicycle gare" , the velostation in station of Grenoble, makes it possible to combine train and bicycle for interurban displacements, either by renting a bicycle, or by depositing its own bicycle with the instruction for the regular ways.

Rail-bound transports

Intramural Grenoble shelters only one station. But the Grenoble-native Agglomération includes/understands 6 of them on the whole:

the Station of Grenoble: Have lines bound for Lyon/Paris /Lille (TGV), Valence (TGV), Chambéry/Annecy/Geneva/Évian-the-Baths, of Gap/Briançon.
the station Grenoble Universities-Gières. It is a key station in the future connection Grenoble - Pontcharra TGV, which should be born with the opening of the Lyon line - Turin.
the station of Echirolles
the station of Saint-Egreve
the station of Bridge of Claix
the station of Sharp

Two additional stations will probably join this list from here 2012:

the Gare of Domène, now open for the sale of tickets only should reopen in the medium term.
the Gare of Saint Martin's day d' Hères is a project of the town of Saint Martin's day d' Hères and Subway in the term approximately 2012. Contrary to Domène, the station must be created because it is non-existent today.

The Agglomeration is setting up auxiliary traffic lanes, in particular in Grenoble-Gières, in the future to have a network of " trains of banlieue". These trains, which would pass with very regular intervals, would reduce part of the problem of road traffic which reigns at the rush hours. Indeed, one could reach Grenoble in a few minutes, since the suburbs. This network would be an alternative to the subway, which is impossible to set up in Grenoble because of the ground water.

Airport

The airport of Grenoble-Isere currently under development full allows connections towards many European cities. The aerodrome of the Versoud proposes a platform close to Grenoble for the light traffic with a track of 900 Mr. an old site of aviation, the Aéroport of Grenoble-Mermoz was removed in 1967 to leave room to the Olympic installations.

Economy

During the 19th century, Grenoble was gradually industrialized. Some careers, of the hydro-electric power but processing industry especially. Grenoble and its area are pionnières as regards Hydro-électricité. Its industry of the Gant is famous in the whole world. Grenoble accommodated thus in 1925 the international exhibition of the hydro-electric power to Livet-and-Gavet. However, in the current of the middle of the 20th century, the city knows a certain industrial decline.

For a few decades, the city has been reorientated and it is known to be an important pole of scientific research today (Universités, Synchrotron, etc). It has, moreover, several specialized companies in new technologies (STMicroelectronics, Sun Microsystems, Hewlett-Packard, Schneider Electric, etc). Other large companies have there their seat like Teisseire and the Editions Glénat. Tourism represents also a considerable share of the local economy with the many winter sports resorts established in the area.

Grenoble is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Grenoble. It manages the aerodrome of Versoud, Grex and Euromart. It manages also Grenoble Ecole of Management.

Places and monuments

Grenoble is classified town of art and history.

Monuments and remarquables places;:

the Bastille, casemates, the fort of the Plane, the cable car of uneven of 260 Mr., the St. Lawrence district and quais ;
the St-Laurent church and the Saint-Oyand crypt, one of very invaluable and rare witnesses of the art the top the Middle Ages in France. ;
the Delphinal palate: Parliament of Dauphine built at the XV century places Saint Andre. It sheltered the law courts until 2002.
the old woman-city with its Grenette places, with Grasses, and places it Saint-Andrew with the old palate delphinal and the statue of the knight Bayard, the Notre-Dame cathedral and its vestiges (baptistry), the lanes piétonnes ;
downtown area with the Victor-Hugo place, the place of Verdun and the buildings which frame it (prefecture, old university, old library, etc), streets and buildings of the 19th siècle ;
the park Paul Mistral with the Turn Perret, the Sport hall, the Olympic basin and the grand boulevards and its architecture.

Cultural museums and places

Museum of Grenoble (Site) : one of the large museums of fine art français ; collections covering the principal periods of the history of the art of Antiquity at our days.
Museum from the Dauphine.
Natural history museum of natural history of Grenoble.
archaeological Museum St Laurent
Museum of Old Évêché
Museum of the Resistance and the Deportation of Isere
Museum of the automats
Vallès space, municipal gallery of Saint Martin's day d' Hères (just beside Grenoble)
CCSTI - Casemate : Center Scientific culture, Technique and Industrial of Grenoble.
the National center of Contemporary art said the Store.
the MC2, national choreographic Center of Contemporary dance directed by Jean-Claude Gallotta.
the Public library of Grenoble and its exceptional patrimonial collections

Teaching

Gathering the departments of the Ardeche, the Drome, the Isere, the Savoy and the Haute-Savoie, the academy of Grenoble east one of the two academies of the area the Rhone-Alps with Lyon.

Agglomeration of Grenoble east one of the great centers of higher education in France (more 55 000 students), in particular in the scientific discipline.

One counts three there universités , and of universities:

University Joseph Fourier - UJF (sciences, technology, geography, medicine and pharmacy) - Grenoble I ;
University Pierre Mendès-France - UPMF (social sciences and human) - Grenoble II (is there attached the Institut of political studies of Grenoble) as well as the IAE of Grenoble (Institute of Administration of the Companies), one of best of France with Paris and Aix-en-Provence. ;
University Stendhal (languages, letters, language and communications) - Grenoble III
an establishment of higher education to row of Great establishment: the polytechnic Institut of Grenoble (INP Grenoble) in which are gathered nine schools of engineers and many research laboratories.

Grenoble also counts two business schools, private school ESC Wesford (located in the old chamber of commerce) as well as the group Grenoble Ecole of Management (GEM) which propose courses of formation after preparatory class and bac+2 / +3. GEM, the top of its 21 years of seniority is posted like the sixth ESC of France.

the University of Data processing (SUPINFO)
the university of art of Grenoble

The International School residence Europole comprises a public college and a college. It allows to the children researchers and foreign workers to continue their schooling and to validate it by OIB, an international diploma are equivalent to the baccalaureat, in English, German, Spanish, Italian, Arabic or Portuguese. The course McLuhan proposes to the pupils coming from the the United States to continue their American schooling. The admission in the school residence is carried out in sixth or second, on tests of language. Each year an English play is played by the high-school pupils with the theater of Sainte Marie of in bottom . Moreover, the schoolboys of the German section present two evenings of theater each year. The TDCI divides its room of reading with the international public library. Finally several colleges have Preparatory classes at the universities, like the Lycée Champollion or the Vaucanson college.

Seek and state-of-the-art technologies

The scientific research has a paramount place in the Grenoble-native agglomeration. The scientific polygon gathers important laboratories of ECA and CNRS, the EMBL and Minatec, and large European instruments: ESRF and ILL. Moreover universities and INP Grenoble have also many research laboratories.

The expertise of Grenoble as regards high technologies is organized mainly around three fields:

a numerical pole and software which includes/understands the micro field of the and Nanotechnologies, as well as the Informatique and the electronic :

Grenoble profits from a rich ecosystem in the nanotechnologies, with the presence of great industry groups, a great number of PME/PMI and many research laboratories (ECA - Léti, INRIA…). This was translated in 2002 by Alliance-Crolles 2, collaboration between Freescale (Motorola), NXP Semiconductors (Philips) and ST Microelectronics, which was the largest industrial investment carried out in France since 10 years (with 2,8 billion invested euros). Also, the Pole of Innovation Minatec, launched on the initiative of the ECA-Leti and the INP Grenoble, is a major center in Europe for the microphone and the nanotechnologies. Grenoble thus forms part of some sites which, in the world, have the scientific bases, technological and industrial sufficient to reach an international recognition in this field. Finally in September 2005, the French government names Minalogic like Pole of competitiveness. This Minalogic pole (Micro Nanotechnologies and Software Grenoble-Isere Competitiveness) has as an ambition to build a center of international dimension for the intelligent miniaturized chips, thanks to the pooling of means resulting at the same time from industry, research and training in microphone and nanotechnologies and technologies of the software. Grenoble is also a large pole in data processing and electronics with the presence of large companies (Hewlett-Packard, Bull, Yahoo!…) and an active research. The software industry is very developed in the agglomeration: the multi-media one and the developments of software, position Grenoble, as well in industry as in research, in the first ranks at the European level.

The numerical pole with micro-electronics and the nanotechnologies, while passing by the embarked software and systems, account 30.000 employment in Large Grenoble including 9.000 in professional electronics, 11.000 in data processing, 7.000 in micro-electronics and 3.000 for the software development. In addition to the presence of world leaders of the sector, Grenoble offers a dense fabric of PMI-PME and start-ups.

a biotechnological pole:

In the field of the Biotechnologies and Bio-data processing, Grenoble is recognized as pole of excellence in several disciplines which are in the scientific field, with crossed Chimie and Biologie: engineering of health, medical imagery, Neurosciences and Cancerology. The city is also recognized for its expertise in the field of the biochips. The bioMerieux company established its research center in molecular biology in Grenoble. Grenoble shelters also federator research projects like Nanobio, the génopôle the Rhone-Alps and the cancéropôle the Rhone-Alps as well as the European program Nano2Life and takes part in the world pole of competitiveness Lyonbiopole.

a pole related to new energies:

Grenoble occupies today an important place for the development and the experimentation of the Photovoltaïque and the Combustible battery. The Tenerrdis pole of competitiveness, in which the Grenoble-native agglomeration is implied, has as an ambition to develop new technologies of energy, major component of the Sustainable development and answers a major stake: to improve the output of the solar panels.

Grenoble was also one of the first towns of France to have a Technopôle, Inovallée (ex-ZIRST), in 1971.

All these fields make of Grenoble, with 21.000 researchers (14 500 in the public research, 6.500 in private research), the 2nd research center in France after Paris, and a major pole of scientific research in Europe what is worth sometimes the nickname to him of “Sillicon Valley Frenchwoman”.

Sports

Located in the the Alps, Grenoble accommodated the Winter Olympics of 1968 whose many equipment sportsmen still remain aujourd'hui :

the Sport hall located in the park Paul-Mistral. Grenoble did not have of cease, since the plays of 1968, to accommodate sporting great events thus proving its capacity of organization and adhesion of its population to the great “masses” of the sport : championships of Europe indoor of athletics, Coupe Davis, Masters of the pole, championships of the world of boxing, matches international of basketball, volley ball, handball or hockey, international competitions of gymnastics or ice-skating on ice, Critérium cyclist of Dauphiné Libéré, Six Days cyclists, jumpings international, etc It is also used like theater. According to the configuration of the plate, it can accommodate close to 12 000 spectators.
the race track located in the park Paul-Mistral and being used today as track of roller.
the Clemenceau market;: the old Clemenceau skating rink which can reach 3 000 places in configuration (tennis shoe, hand, volleyball). Reconfigured in room ommisports, it is located in the park Paul Mistral near and future the stage sport hall of agglomeration.
the Olympic tracks men and women at the station of Chamrousse.
the springboard of ski jump of Saint-Nizier-of-Moucherotte the now unused.
the Olympic basin located in the park Paul Mistral. It was réallumée at the time of the passages of the Olympic flames of the Winter Olympics of 1992 and 2006.

However the image of the Grenoble-native sport is not limited to the winter sports. The capital of the Alps is rich of 350 clubs exerting in 65 different disciplines representing 33 000 fired athletes and 1 800 top executives. A Resident of Grenoble on three practical an sports activity of competition or leisure.

Grenoble-native clubs most known sont :

Grenoble-native clubs less known present on the sont city;:

GB38 for the basketball which means Grenoble Basket 38. Its seat is in the sporting center Hoche.
GVUC for the volley ball which means Grenoble Volley University Club. It currently evolves/moves in ProB and plays Malherbe gymnasium.

The town of Grenoble east candidate to the Winter Olympics 2018.

Media

Local television

Télégrenoble, France 3 Grenoble and France the 3 Alps.

Local radios

The Alps 1, Radio operator Grenoble Campus, Max FM, Radio Hot, France Isere Blue RADIO MALHERBE GRENOBLE >> www.RMG38.net , News FM 101.2

Local Blog

GreBlog MonGrenoble

Written press

The Dauphiné Libéré, Grenoble & Me, Metroscope, the Small Bulletin and Isere Magazine

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