Apricot tree

The apricot tree ( Prunus armeniaca and in the past Armeniaca vulgaris ) is a Fruit tree pertaining to the kind Prunus of the family of the Rosaceae , cultivated for its Fruit, the Abricot.

Origin

This species is originating in Central Asia and Eastern: Kirghizstan, China. It is largely cultivated in the moderate and moderated areas hot.

The apricot tree has been cultivated in China for approximately three thousand years before Jesus-Christ. Its introduction into the Mediterranean basin via the Arménie (from where its specific name armeniaca ) would date from the beginning of the Christian era. Pline Old the quotes it in its Natural history under the name of (malum) praecocium , in reference to its early flowering.

Description

The apricot tree is small a Arbre, with reddish bark brown, with spread out enough port, from 4 to 5 m in height.

The Sheet S, alternate, have a elliptic limb of form Cordiforme, on toothed crenelated board. They are rolled up in the bud S.

The Fleur S, rather large, white or pale pink, appear before the sheets.

The Fruit of globulous form is a edible Drupe with velvety Peau, of yellow color orange. The core, not member with the flesh, contains a sweet almond or bitter according to the case.

Culture

The apricot tree is a species of hot Climat, which really thrives under climate the Mediterranean N, however it is rustic until in the north of the France and produces well in Paris region. It is able to resist temperatures going until - 30 °C but it is very sensitive to cold spring which can oppose flowering (very early) or the Nouaison of the fruits.

It is a generally self-fertilizing species: the Fécondation occurs without the intervention of Insecte S pollinating.

Multiplication

Sowing for the Understock S and some old varieties reproducing rather accurately (apricot Clingstone apricot, apricot of Holland)
Grafting on apricot tree or To fish at the end of August, on Almond tree or Plum tree at the end of July

Cut

Very moderate size of formation then only of pruning of the deadwood. The old trees which yellow are folded back with the top of the point of grafting.

Cultivated full wind (the majority are very vigorous) or in Palmette with the devil in situation protected in the areas with unfavorable climate.

Diseases

Certain apricot trees are sensitive to the Sharka.

Characteristics

reproductive Bodies:

Standard of inflorescence: corymbe
distribution of the sexes: Standard hermaphrodite
of pollination: entomogame
Period of flowering: February at April

Seed:

Standard of fruit: Drupe
Mode of dissemination: endozoochore

Habitat and distribution:

standard Habitat: Matorral S Mediterranean
Surface of distribution: introduced (Central Asia)

Use

The apricot tree is cultivated primarily for its fruit, more rarely for its wood.

This one can be consumed fresh but its season is short and its very short conservation.

It also is transformed (in pastry making, jam, compote, preserves - fruits at syrup) or is dried.

From his core, one draws from liquors like the Noyau of Poissy or the Amaretto.

It is also a tree ornamental for its spring flowering.

Principal varieties

Early (June-July)

Bulida the earliest early of Saumur
Strainer or early in June
of Vienna
White rosy or rosy Poman or Cascallaire
Boulbon
of Holland or sweet almond or Ampuis
Luizet or Suchet or of Closed very cultivated, with very early flowering
Common or Droppings or Novel or large ordinary apricot, very old variety named by Pline Old the persica præcocia , with late flowering
or orange apricot with late flowering
Red of the Roussillon

Later (August)

Clingstone apricot or Clingstone apricot tree
Bergeron
Fishing or large apricot sweetened or of Pezenas or Piedmont or Royal Peach
Royal or royal of Luxembourg
Sweetened of Holub
Apricot tree Harogem

Production

The Turkey is one of the principal world apricot producers.

References

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