Appendix iléo-cæcal

In Anatomy, the vermiform appendix (or more simply appendix ) is a small outgrowth of the Cæcum.

The Inflammation of the appendix is called Appendicite; the ablation of the appendix is called Appendicectomie.

Description of the appendix

The appendix is a hollow diverticulum suspended on the median surface of the cæcum, 3 cm below the meeting iléal. Its size is variable: from 6 to 12 cm length on 4 to 8 mms in diameter. It is vascularized by the appendicular artery, coming from the artery ileo-cæco-colic, and follows the free edge of the méso. It is a final vascularization.

Role of the appendix

Until October 2007, it was thought that it did not have really a role with respect to the body. But William Parker, of the Medical center of the university Duke (Durham, North Carolina, the United States) put forth the assumption that it would be a " reserve protected for bacteria amies" , to see the article of will futura sciences http://www.futura-sciences.com/fr/sinformer/actualites/news/t/medecine/d/lappendice-serait-utile-a-la-digestion_13180/ or directly the article on the site of the university Duke (http://www.dukemednews.org/news/article.php?id=10151)

Situation and anatomical reports/ratios of the appendix

The situation and the reports/ratios of the appendix in the abdomen are very variable and one strictly speaking cannot of anatomical situation " normale". This situation can be:

Retro-caecale (in 65% of the cases)
Pelvic (in 31% of the cases)
Para colic (behind of the cecum)
Méso-cœliaque: towards the large cavity péritonéale

There exists however a localization of reference: the cutaneous point of Mac Burney located at the external junction third - average third of a line tended between the umbilical point and the antéro-higher iliaque spine.

Anomalies

Congenital anomalies of the cæcum

The position of the cæcum is the result of the rotation of the bud cæcal which occupies successively: hypochondres left, right then the right iliaque pit. The migration can stop prematurely or continue in the Pelvis.

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