Antoun Saadé

Antoun Saadé (March 1st 1904, July 8th 1949) (Arab: أنطونسعادة) was a politician nationalist side-Syrian, a journalist and a Lebanese philosopher, founder of the Parti social nationalist Syrian.

Biography

Antoun Saadé is a Lebanese Christian born in 1904 in the village of Dour Choueir with the Mount-Lebanon. It starts its studies with the Cairo then with Broumana with the Lebanon. After the First World War, it emigrates with the Brésil where it joined his parents and starts to be interested in Syrian nationalism. It takes part in the literary magazine Al Majalla , a newspaper rested by his father Khalil Saadé, an influential Arab journalist . He learns how to speak the Portuguese, the English, the Spanish , the German , the French and the Russian .

He founds in 1924 its first political movement, a movement which aims at the release of the Syria of the French occupation. In 1930, it works with Damas for the newspaper Al Ayam . In 1932, it makes its return to Lebanon and starts to teach with the American Université of Beirut. It recruits five students with whom it will create, the November 16th 1932, the Parti social nationalist Syrian, a hostile political party with the French presence with the Raising, and preaching the unit of the area. But it is about an clandestine organization who hides under cover of a Syrian company of trade.

The PSNS gains much success, which worries the French authorities. The November 16th 1935, Antoun Saadé is stopped and condemned to six months of prison for subversive activity. In prison, he writes a book, the genesis of the nations ( Nouchoû Al oumman ).

He finds his freedom in 1936 and is again stopped in 1937, but on the other hand its party becomes legal. In prison, he will write this time the genesis of the nation Syrian (Nouchoû Al oumma Al souriya), which will be confiscated. It is still not known if the " livre" was flaring or if it is always accessible. The men of Antoun Saadé violently fight the chiefs of the militia of Pierre Gemayel with Bikfaya, Saadé declares then: “ If it is wanted absolutely that Lebanon constitutes an entity, it is necessary at least that this entity is common to all the Lebanese one and that it is not monopolized by a sect dominant which reduces Lebanon to itself. We require the denominational end of the privileges of only one sect and we denounce the arrogance of the fascistic party which proclaimed its representative ”.

Following these violences against the Kataeb, Saadé is again pursued; in 1938, it goes in Latin America. The French authorities prohibited the party in 1939. During the Second world war, risings take place in Lebanon and in Syria against the French, Saadé is this time condemned to twenty years of prison by contumacy.

After the departure of the French in 1946, it returns to Lebanon, but it is forced to take the maquis after the warrant for arrest launched against him by Lebanese justice. In 1947, the PSNS is again authorized, the party denounces the Plan of division of Palestine and the degradation of the bonds between Syria and Lebanon.

Saadé benefits from the legislative elections to launch a call to put an end to the confessionalism of Lebanon, and for the introduction of a laic State in the country.

The popularity of Saadé is then at its culminating point, and the Lebanese government carried out by Riyadh be-Solh and the phalangists decide to be combined to destroy the movement. It is then persuaded that the phalangists want to kill it, it thus decides to assemble an insurrection against the government, but this insurrection is closed again on him. More than 3000 militants of the PSNS are stopped and it is forced to take refuge in Damas. It is first of all well accommodated by the colonel Zaim, but the Syrian government delivers Saadé to the Lebanese government. He is judged for plot against the safety of the State and is imprisoned, considered and carried out the July 8th 1949 by a firing squad. These last words were, “I die but my party will survive” (indeed, by killing Saadé, the government thought that the party was going to disappear).

Ideology

Saadé was rather hostile with the Arab Nationalisme, because for him a nation is not based on a Langue, a Religion or on a Ethnie. On the contrary, he explains why the nation with vocation to accommodate several different ethnos groups, because for him what makes the identity of the man, it is the geographical place in which he lives. He explains in his book. the genesis of the nations :

“a nation results from the marriage of a group of man and a ground.”

He still explains why: “the nation results not from the common ethnic origin, but from the unifying process of social environment and ambient physique. The identity of Arabic does not come owing to the fact that it would go down from a common ancestor, but whom they were worked by the geographical environment: the Arabian desert, Assyrie for Syria, the Maghreb…”

He initially neglected the arabity of Syria before admitting that Syria is well an Arab country. He explains:

“ When we speak about the Arab world, we hear the world which speaks the Arab language and of which we are ”.

For Saadé, the Internationalisme is the greatest evil of this century, internationalism launched by the Marxisme, the Capitalisme but also by the religion.

External bonds

Antoun Saadé
Motivation nationalist of Antoun Saadé
Biography official of Antoun Saadé

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