Anton Rubinstein

See also: Rubinstein

Anton Grigorievitch Rubinstein (in), born the November 28th 1829 with Vikhvatinets (in Transnistrie, Moldavie) and dead the November 20th 1894 with Peterhof, is a Pianiste, Compositeur and Russian Leader .

Biography

He learns the Piano early and gives his first public representation to age the 9 years. He is taken along to Paris, then with Berlin, where him and his/her brother, Nikolai, study the composition and the theory with Siegfried Dehn. He meets then Felix Mendelssohn and Giacomo Meyerbeer, which supports it. He moves with Vienna, where he teaches, before turning over in Russia in 1848 where he works as a musician in the sister-in-law of the Tsar.

At the end of the years 1850, it makes a round as a pianist, before settling with Saint-Pétersbourg. It founds there 1862 the conservatory of this city, first music school of Russia.

It continues its rounds as a pianist in Europe and teaches with Dresden towards the end of its life.

Rubinstein dies in Peterhof, of a cardiac disease. It felt all its life like a foreigner: “Russian describes me as German, German of Russian, the Jews of Christian and the Christians of Jew. The pianists regard me as a type-setter, the type-setters like a pianist, the traditional ones like modern, the modern ones like a reactionary. My conclusion is that I am only one pitiful individual” .

Its work

Rubinstein is a particularly prolific type-setter, having written not less than twenty opera S (in particular Demon , according to a poëme of Lermontov), five Concerto S for Piano, six Symphonie S as well as many parts for piano, Chamber music, two concertos for Violoncelle and for Violon, without counting various orchestral works (among which one can quote Don Quichote ).

The music of Rubinstein does not have the Russian consonances of the Groupe of the Five, it develops contrary to the European intonations, which will be worth to him an argument with Mily Balakirev like with other musicians, who estimated that its position within a school of musical teaching was likely to be detrimental with the Russian musical tradition. In the mouth of the local nationalists, its Jewish origins play against him and his/her brother. Paradoxically, the most famous pupil of Nikolai Rubinstein, Piotr Ilitch Tchaïkovski became the prototype of the Russian type-setter, in any case, more than much of others.

After the death of Rubinstein, its work starts to be oubliee, even if its concertos for piano remain with the European repertory to the First World War and that various parts are regularly played in Russia. Entering no musical tradition, and, perhaps, originality lack, the music of Rubinstein could not make competition with that of its contemporaries or the new Russian school whose Igor Stravinski and Sergueï Prokofiev is the representatives. Rubinstein was constantly identified with the preserving European musical tradition, far from the innovations of a Richard Wagner modern or other type-setters. Mendelsson remained an idol during the life of Rubinstein, regularly playing its work in its recitals. Its own music contains reminiscences of that of Mendelssohn, Frederic Chopin or of Robert Schumann.

Its work profits from a certain renewed interest in Russia like outside. Among his the most known parts, one can quote his opera the Demon , its fourth concerto for piano like his second symphony the Ocean .

Others

Anton Rubinstein is the brother of the pianist and type-setter Nikolai Rubinstein, without family ties with the pianist Arthur Rubinstein.

Principal works

  • Symphonies

    • Symphony COp 40, in major F
    • Symphony opus 42, in major C Ocean
    • Symphony opus 56, in the
    • Symphony opus 95 in minor D Dramatic
    • Symphony opus 107, in minor ground
    • Symphony opus 111, in the minor
  • Other orchestral works
    • triumphing Opening, opus 43
    • Ivan IV, opus 79
    • Don Quichotte, opus 87
    • Eroica, opus 110
    • Continuation, opus 119
  • Concertos
    • Concerto for violin opus 46, in ground
    • Concerto for violoncello opus 65 in the minor
    • Concerto for violoncello opus 96, in minor D
    • Concertos for piano
      • Concerto for piano opus 25 as a semi minor
      • Concerto for piano opus 35 in major F
      • Concerto for piano opus 45 in G major
      • Concerto for piano No 4 opus 70 in minor D
      • Imagination for piano with or without orchestra opus 84 in C
      • Concerto for piano opus 94 in major E flat (dedicated to Charles-Valentine Alkan)
      • Concertstück opus 113 in major A flat
  • Chamber music
    • Piano
      • Sonata for piano opus 12 as a semi minor
      • Sonata for piano opus 20 in C minor
      • Sonata for piano opus 41 in major F
      • Sonata for piano opus 100 in the minor
      • Album of Peterhof, COp 75
      • Kamenniy-Ostrov, (parts for piano), COp 10
      • Melody in F, COp 3 No 1
      • Ondine (study), COp 1
      • Six evenings with Saint-Pétersbourg, COp 44
    • Chamber music with piano
      • Sonata for piano with four hands opus 89
      • Sonata for Violin and Piano opus 13 in G major
      • Sonata for Violin and Piano opus 19 in the minor
      • Sonata for Violin and Piano opus 98 in so minor
      • Sonata for Viola and Piano opus 49 in minor F
      • Two sonatas for Violoncello and Piano opus 18 in major D and opus 39 in G major
      • Sonata for Violoncello and Piano
      • Trio with piano opus 15 n° 1 in F
      • Trio with piano opus 15 n° 2 in minor ground
      • Trio with piano opus 52 in major B flat
      • Trio with piano opus 85 in major the
      • Trio with piano opus 108 in C minor
      • Quartet for Piano and cords opus 66
      • Quintet for Piano and winds opus 55 in major F
      • Quintet for Piano and cords opus 99 in minor ground
      • Octuor opus 9 for piano, cords and winds (according to its concerto for piano and subtitle Concerto di camera )
    • Other chamber musics
      • Quintet for cords opus 59 in major F (with a version for quartet with piano)
      • Sextet for cords opus 97 in major D
      • Three quartuors, opus 17 (in G major, C minor and major F)
      • Three quartets, opus 47 (as a semi minor, major B flat, and minor D)
      • Two quartuors, opus 90
      • Two quartuors, opus 106 (in major A flat and minor F)
  • Operas
    • the Demon
    • Feramors
    • the song of the merchant Kalashnikov
    • the Stiffs
    • Néron
    • Sulamith
    • the tower of Babel, COp 80
    • Unter Räubern
  • Oratorio
    • the paradise lost , COp 54

References

  • Anton Grigorevich Rubinstein, ED. L. Barenboim, Literary Works (3 vol.) , (in Russian), Moscow 1983
  • Lev Aronovich Barenboim, Anton Grigorevich Rubinstein (2 vol.) , (in Russian), Moscow 1957-62
  • Tatyana Khoprova (ED.), Anton Grigorevich Rubinstein , (in Russian), St Petersburg 1997 ISBN 5822700292

External bonds

  • Some information on the musician
  • Networking Rubinstein - his contacts in his early career

Simple: Anton Rubinstein Zh-min-nan: Anton Rubinstein

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