Antoine-François Fourcroy

Antoine François Fourcroy or of Fourcroy , born the June 15th 1755 with Paris and dead the December 16th 1809 with Paris, is a Chimiste French and a deputy with the national Convention.

Biography

Wire of a Apothecary of the house of the Duke of Orleans, it makes studies of Médecine near the anatomist Felix Vicq d' Azir (1748-1794) and, in spite of great difficulties due to its poverty, obtains in 1780 its title of doctor.

He is noticed by the chemist Jean-Baptiste Bucquet (1746-1780), professor of Chimie at the medical college of Paris, which chooses, in 1784, to succeed Pierre Joseph Macquer (1718-1784) like reader of chemistry to the Jardin of the king. Its courses are worth a great fame to him.

In 1783, he becomes member of the Société of Agriculture and collaborates in the methodical Encyclopédie . In 1787, he becomes associated chemist with the Academy of Science and member of the Société linnéenne of Paris.

With Berthollet, it is one of the first to be converted with the sights of Antoine Lavoisier of which it helps to publish the writings, in particular the rational Méthode of nomenclature . Although its name appears in many writings of chemistry, Physiologie and Pathologie, only or as joint author, it is rather teaching and an administrator that a true researcher.

In 1789, favorable to the revolutionary ideas, it takes part in the drafting of the books of the Tiers state, and, in 1791, publishes a periodical: the medicine lit by Physical sciences . In November, he is elected assistant of the perpetual secretary of the Academy of Science, Nicolas de Condorcet, and becomes director of the Company of medicine, then of the Company of agriculture. In 1792, it refuses the load of manager of the Powders and Salpetres and, beginning 1793, that of administrator of the department of Paris.

However, in 1792, it had been elected fourth temporary deputy of Paris to the national Convention. July 25th, 1793, it replaces Marat, which was assassinated on July 13rd, with national Convention, and it is elected at the Committee of state education. It supports the plan of education of the Furrier and supports the purification of the academies of medicine and sciences. One will go until showing it to have caused the death of Lavoisier or, at the very least, not to have made nothing to save it.

September 1st 1794, it is elected with the Comité of public hello where it sits until June 3rd 1795. It is charged with the Powders and Salpêtres. It develops a plan of education and it is at the origin of creation, at the end of 1795, of the National institute of sciences and arts and the central School of public works, which will become in 1796, the Polytechnic school, as well as several medical schools.

In November 1795, it is elected by the the Sarthe with the Conseil of Old the, where it sits until May 1797. After the 18 brumaire, he becomes managing director of the State education and seat with the Council of State. Secretary of State, it goes in particular in the Vendée and writes a report on the situation of the area in January 1801, shortly after the provisional peace concluded by Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1808, it is isolated great control of the imperial University by Louis de Fontanes. Fourcroy was very active in the organization of the state education and took a great part in the establishment of scientific programs for the elementary schools and secondaries.

It deploys in these functions a great activity. However, its sights not agreeing entirely with those of Napoleon, in 1808, it is isolated great control of the imperial University by Louis de Fontanes.

Raised under count d' Empire in April 1808, he dies of Apoplexie the following year.

Principal publications

chemical Philosophy, or fundamental Truths of modern chemistry, laid out in a new order (1792)
System of chemical knowledge and their applications to the phenomena of nature and art (1801)

Random links: