Anticoagulant

The anticoagulants are small substances which are used for inhibiting the natural coagulability well Sang. Blood thus treated will not coagulate or then less quickly, but guard same the Viscosité.

Introduction

In a normal body, normal coagulation is effective to slow down the small ones and great hemorrhages and to thus avoid effective losses of blood. In certain cases where blood coagulation could pose problems, the such appearance of a Thrombose, a Opération of the hip or the ventricular appearance of Fibrillation, natural blood coagulation can be inhibited.

Coagulation is a physiological phenomenon cascades about it utilizing plasmatic proteins lead to the formation of a clot.

Derived from coumarin

See also: oral Anticoagulant

Natural coagulation blood is controlled by the presence of various factors of coagulation which of concert take care of a normal balance between the natural tendencies to coagulation and those with the anticoagulation.

The production of the factors of coagulation activating the coagulability depends on the Vitamine K. derived from coumarin, the such Acénocoumarol or the Fenprocoumone allow an inhibition of the production of these factors, this production being dependant on the vitamin K.

The degree of anticoagulation during the use of these Médicament S depends on a great number of factors, often little known. What implies a regular control of the degree of anticoagulation by means of a blood Examen, the measurement of the Temps of Quick.

Kinds of anticoagulants

There are various kinds of anticoagulants:

Drugs

Many products are available or under studies:
  • Heparin and derived
    • Heparins from low molecular weight;
    • Fondaparinux available commercially, Idraparinux under development;
    • Inhibiting direct of the Factor Xa: Rivaroxaban, Otamixaban…
  • Anti vitamin K of which derived from coumarin, the Warfarin, the Fluindione…
  • Inhibiting of the Thrombin:
    • Hirudine, Bivalirudine into intravenous;
    • Ximélagatran, effective inhibiter by oral way but whose development was stopped because of its side effects;
    • Dabigatran, Odiparcil…

It should be noted that the plate Antiagrégant S, although being able to have close effects, are usually not regarded as anticoagulants.

Others

They are usable In vitro to return blood taken incoagulable
    • Citrate, Héparine, Oxalate
  • in the Salive of the animals Hémophage S to facilitate the passage of blood after the bite or puncture inter alia:
    • Mosquito S,
    • Horsefly S,
    • Leech S, (Hirudine)
    • chip S,
    • Bat vampire S (Draculine)
  • component many Venom S of snakes.
  • used like Rat poison (Warfarin)

See too

  • Lupus anticoagulant
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