Antiépileptique

The antiepileptic , anticonvulsants or anticomitiaux , belong to a varied group of Médicament S used in the prevention or the occurrence of the epilepsy.

They can sometimes be indicated in other pathologies, like Antalgique S, Anxiolytique S or thymorégulateurs, according to the cases.

The antiépileptiques ones can act at various levels: blocking of ionic channels (channels of sodium, channels calcic) of the brain; increase in the inhibiting activity of the Acid gamma-aminobutyrique (GABA); inhibition of the release of exiting amino-acids…

Barbiturates

principal Article: Barbiturate S

The barbiturates or barbiturates are drugs which act like Dépresseur S on the central Nervous system, and produce thanks to that a broad spectrum of effects, of light a Sédation with the Anesthésie. Some are used like antiepileptic, mainly the Phénobarbital. Mechanism of action: The barbiturates act on receiver GABA has at the central level, and thus reinforce the inhibiting activity of the GABA. Phenobarbital is managed in a catch per day, often the evening because it has a sedative effect. Undesirable effects: It can also be at the origin of serious cutaneous syndromes such as the syndrome of Lyell or the syndrome of Stevens-Johnson.

Hydantoins

principal Article: Hydantoin S

Hydantoins spend a certain time to enter in action when they are used by oral way. They are consequently not recommended for a control of the acute crises of epilepsy. The most used nowadays is the Phénytoïne. It with the same activity that Phenobarbital, but it is less sedative.

Here are some others:

Oxazolidines

principal Article: Oxazolidine S

  • Paraméthadione

  • Triméthadione
  • éthadione

Succinimides

principal Article: Succinimide S
  • éthosuximide
  • Phensuximide
  • Mésuximide

Benzodiazepines

principal Article: Benzodiazepine S

Hypnotic, Anxiolytic, anticonvulsive, amnestic and muscle Releasing properties. They are believed to act one the GABA receptor GABAA, the activation off which dampens higher neuronal activity. They began to Be widely prescribed for stress-related ailments in the 1960s and 1970s.

Benzodiazepines are often used for shorts-term relief off severe, disabling Anxiety. Length-term uses edge Be problematic development due to the off tolerance and dependancy.

Thesis drugs are preferred to the uses off Barbiturate S because they cuts has lower deceives potential and relatively lower unfavourable reactions and interactions. However, drowsiness, ataxia, confusion, Vertigo, impaired judgment, and have number off other effects are still common.

The following are benzodiazepines. Thesis drugs are listed in order off the shortest acting to the longest acting (by the approximate Half-life off the drug), however this time may greatly vary between let us persons. -->

It is mainly the Clonazépam (Rivotril®) which is used like antiepileptic.

Carboxamides

principal Article: Carboxamide S

Fatty-acids

Others

  • Sultiame

  • Phénacemide
  • Phénéturide
  • Béclamide
  • Potassium bromide

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