Anne Jean Marie Rene Savary

See also: Savary

Anne-Jean-Marie-Rene Savary, duke of Rovigo born with Marcq close Vouziers (the Ardennes) the April 26th 1774, died in Paris in June 1833.

Third wire of an old soldier, former major of the castle of Sedan, it embraced the military career early: entered in 1790 the army, it became simultaneously assistance-of-camp of the generals Ferino and Desaix, on the the Rhine and in Egypt. It took part like Capitaine in the campaigns of the the Rhine under the orders of the generals Custine, Pichegru and Moreau. Promoted Major, it accompanied Desaix in Egypt.

Assistance-of-camp of Napoleon Bonaparte with died of Desaix After its return in France, it fought with Marengo. In 1802, with the head of the secret police, it precipitated the execution of the duke of Enghien, preventing as one presented to Bonaparte a recourse in grace after the decision of the Conseil of War. Savary devotes several pages of its memories to the relation of the events having led to this execution and is given to it a very secondary role.

The 30 ventôse year XII, the Duc of Enghien had just been caused to Vincennes. Savary accepted the command of the detachments provided by the regiments of the garrison of Paris for the guard of the fortress, not on a purely special basis, but because of all the chiefs of police present, it was the only one which did not form part of the council of war. Major general in 1805, ordering gendarmes of elite of the imperial Guard, employed like negotiator in the campaigns of Germany. He took part in the battles of Austerlitz and Major general Iéna like .

In 1807 it ordered from Warsaw the 5th army corps in the place of Lannes, covered Warsaw after the battle of Eylau against the Russians and gained the victory of Ostrołęka the February 16th 1807.

After the battles of Heilsberg and Friedland, it was named by Napoleon duke of Rovigo and shortly after governor of Eastern Prussia. After the Peace of Tilsit, it was Plénipotentiaire with Saint-Pétersbourg. In 1808, it took part in the war of Spain. In 1810, it accepted the station of Minister for the police force, which it occupied until in 1814.

It accompanied Marie-Louise by Austria to Blois and remained without employment during the First Restoration. During the Hundred Days, in 1815, it became Pair of France and supreme leader of the gendarmerie.

To the Second Restoration it followed Napoleon; but the English prevented it from going to Sainte-Hélène, stopped it on Bellérophon and locked up it with Malta. Carried on the list of proscription of the July 24th, he escaped from Malta, took refuge in Austria and Turkey; being engaged with Smyrna in commercial speculations, it lost part of its fortune.

In 1817, it went to Austria to defend against its marked death sentence the December 25th 1816 because of the part which it had played in the execution of the duke of Enghien. At Graz, it was put under police surveillance. One allowed him then, in June 1818, to return to Smyrna. In 1819, it was voluntarily delivered to justice in Paris, was discharged and restored in its dignities, but not in its employment, so that in 1823 it left for Rome.

In 1830, it made allegiance with the Monarchie of July. The prince de Joinville reports in its Vieux memories that, as of, to the Palais Royal, it saw “Savary, duke of Rovigo, the man of the duke of Enghien, to leave in uniform and boot the cabinet my father where it had come to offer his services”.

February 1st 1831, Louis-Philippe entrusted to him the high-command in Algérie, where it succeeds in well seizing Bône and where it implemented colonization actively, but the violence of its processes shocked so much so that it was recalled in 1833. He died the June 2nd of the same year.

Savary was one of the most faithful servants and devoted of the Emperor. Its name is engraved on the Triumphal arch of the Star, east coast.

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