Annappes

not to confuse with Hannappes.

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Annappes is a village of the Northern of the France on the Marque which formed in 1970 with the communes of Ascq and of Flers-lez-Lille the new city of Villeneuve-D' Ascq. It is today still a district of the city.

Etymology of the name “Annappes”

The origin of the name is very turbid.

Theodore Leuridan, in a historical note on Annappes, considers several solutions

asnapis formed of the radical goth ap, ahva = water (Latin aqua);
word meaning into Celtic " with a curve of rivière" ;
contraction of " AD Menapios" : Annappes was located at the end of the territory of Nerviens towards the country of Ménapiens.

Dauzat and Rostaing, in the etymological Dictionary of the place names in France, think that the name comes from Germanic “the hanap” hemp.

Blazon

Of sinople to the chequered band of money and mouths of two cars .

History

Origins

One found in the years 1980 in the park of the current Saint-Adrien school a fragment of polished flint axe. It is estimated at approximately -2000 years. One found other axes of this kind in the area of Lille, in particular in the alluvia of the Deûle. According to the historians, these axes are allotted to populations using cut stone tools, but already devoted to the breeding and agriculture. However, there is no proof that the man sédentarisé himself at this place; indeed the archeologists found traces of human occupation only at the end of independence Gaulois E, in particular of the balls of sling in the Marc-Sautelet Center. However, it is probable that this place was not a place of residence, but simply one of these folds in the forest (described by Jules César) where took refuge Gallic of the area to the approach of the legions the Roman ones.

The field of Asnapio

Annappes and its surroundings are with the Moyen-âge the site of a royal field, as a text of the reign of Charlemagne indicates it. This last will certainly pass by the field of Asnapio to go to inaugurate the abbey one of Riquier Saint in the year 800. In 836, the emperor Louis the Piles gives the royal field to his daughter Gisele, wife of Evrard of the Friuli. This noble couple will found the abbey of Cysoing. The marquis Berenger Ier, one of their son, will inherit Annappes; he will be king of Lombards thereafter, then emperor of the Romans.

At the time of the arrival of Charlemagne for the inauguration of abbey of Riquier Saint in 800, its royal envoys drew up an inventory of Annappes. Description was so meticulous that it was recopied like example in a handbook of management of the imperial farms, the " Capitulary of Villis".

Asnapio (its name at the time) was a very rich Carolingian field. It lived there a hundred people in the farm surrounded by orchards. The peasants cultivated cereals on the Mélantois. The outputs were rather high, and close to the Marque were installed five mills and four breweries which manufactured the barley beer of the tenants. The field had been built close to the marshes because Asnapio was a stud farm which provided the imperial cavalry. Here the composition of its livestock in 799:

51 mares, 3 standards, 10 foalta, 2 asses,
16 oxen, 50 cows having calved, 20 heifers, 3 bulls, 38 calves,
260 pigs, 100 piglets, 5 boars,
150 ewes, 120 sheep, 200 lambs,
30 goats, 3 goats, 30 kids; 30 geese, 80 chickens, 22 peacocks.

It is the time of the invasion of the continent by the Vikings. In 881, the Normands plunder of their camp of Courtrai the field of Annappes, and no text mentions it more.

County of Flanders

A few years later, the count de Flandre, installed with Lille, monopolizes the territory of Annappes. All the villagers from now on are submitted to the count. In 1066, Baudouin V of Flanders gives, by the charter of equipment Saint-Pierre of Lille, two thirds of the incomes of the church of Annappes. However, it is not known if there is a bond between this church and the current church Saint-Sebastien d' Annappes. At that time, Annappes maintains the close relationships with its neighbors, the villages of Ascq and Flers. The count Baudouin IX dismembered part of his field of the Town hall of Annappes to give a stronghold to Gilbert de Bourghelles; this one there created its manor, the strong house of Quiquempois, towards 1200.Gilbert, married the widow of the lord of the manor of Lille, provided this military function at the beginning of the 13th century. At the time of the departure of the count for the crusade, Gilbert de Bourghelles, lord of Quiquempois were one of the four baillif-procurateurs of the county of Flandre.Après the disappearance of Baudouin IX, become Empereur of Constantinople, in 1205, the lord of Quiquempois played an eminent role near the heiresses of the county. In 1214, it is him which advised the new count de Flandre, Ferrand de Portugal.L' alliance with Jean without Ground and the Germanic Emperor OttonIV was fatal for him at the time of the battle of Bouvines on July 27th, 1214.

The count equips the religious establishments with some of his grounds. Thus the hospital Saint-Saver has a large farm with corn with Annappes at the 13th century. It is at that time that Preudhomme, middle-class inhabitant of Lille, recover the town hall comtale of Annappes, and that the échevinage (municipal council) is given the responsability to define payments common to the three villages of Annappes, Ascq and Flers.

Although the territory is rich, the country population saw in a very precarious way, and must undergo several famines at 14th and the 15th century, in particular during the year 1316 following bad harvests the year of front. Another misfortune falls down on the area, the war. Of 1297 with 1304, the troops of French of Philippe IV of France and those of the Flemish devastate the cultures and burn the village. In 1340, it is the Guerre One hundred Year old, and the village is militarily occupied. In 1349, it is the black Peste which falls down on the area. At that time, the population of Annappes diminuné considerably.

At the 15th century, the economy of the village is rectified gently, in spite of the periodic plagues, bad harvests and the almost constant presence of soldiers. After burnbeing burned by the troops of Louis XI, the church is rebuilt; the oldest parts of the church of Annappes go up at that time.

The Burgundian time

The county of Flanders is attached to the Duché of Burgundy after the marriage in 1369 of Marguerite de Male, countess of Flanders, and Philippe II Bold the, duke of Burgundy.

The population starts again to grow very quickly, even if Annappes remains smaller than Ascq and Flers. In 1449, tax investigations count 78 inhabitants with Annappes. After the confrontations between Charles Bold the of Burgundy and Louis XI of France, the population is in 1498 of 410 inhabitants with Annappes. In 1505, 500 people live the village, and the livestock is of 34 horses, 20 foalta, 284 cows, 408 sheep. However, a proportion between 30% and 50% of the population, sometimes more, are very poor and cannot pay taxes, whereas the lords multiply who have rights as well on the men as on the things.

In 1477, with died of the last duke of Burgundy Charles the Bold one, Marie of Burgundy wife Habsbourg Maximilien of Austria, which thus takes the title of count of Flandres. At the end of the reign of the Germanic Roman Emperor Charles V, Flandres Spanish fall to his/her oldest son. Annappes thus passes under the supervision of Philippe II of Spain, king d' Espagne. They remains under Spanish authority until the reign of Philippe IV of Spain.

The area is still touched by the diseases, like a plague in 1534 and the Typhoïde in the marshes. Diseases also fall down on the cattle.

Beginnings in France

In 1667, Louis XIV makes the head office of Lille, and takes it. Annappes becomes then a village French in 1668 by the Treaty of Aachen.

The village undergoes the evils of the war constantly: residences of the troops, requisition in all kind, devastations and exaction of the soldiers. Of 1708 with 1713 the area is occupied by the Britannico-Dutchmen of Marlborough, who will return in 1744.

In 1737, the priest of Annappes supports a long lawsuit to obtain the assumption of responsibility of a vicar by the chapter Saint Pierre. Thanks to him, one knows that the canton of Marchenelles, Hempempont and Collection was called " small Hollande" because the inhabitants very seldom attended the churches. At that time, one indexes in Annappes in 1737,180 households and 1021 inhabitants.

The king allows in 1774 the division of the marshes between the three villages and their neighbors, and those will be drained in 1781. At this same time, the elimination of illiteracy progresses. Between 1737 and 1789, 50% of the men and 32% of the women can sign their marriage certificate in Annappes. The cultural life also develops, with Ducasse S twice a year in the village. One celebrates there also the Jean Saint, the Martin Saint and Saint Eloi. In Annappes as with Flers are organized very snuffed contests of shooting to the arc, where one crowns that which cuts down the Geai

French revolution and Napoleonean wars

As in Lille, there is no popular revolution in the peasants in 1789; more events Paris iens arrive to them with several days of delay, and they are occupied by the distribution of their marsh communanux. In January 1790, Jean-Baptiste Béguin is elected mayor of Annappes. A. Boussemart will succeed to him.

In August 1792, at the time of the war against the Austria, of the regiments gather in the area, to be directed towards the enemy. But with the approach of the enemy, they beat a retreat towards Lille, where crowd will massacre the general Dillon. The Austrians directed by the duke of Saxony-Teschen occupy the area after having taken Roubaix, Tourcoing and Lannoy. However, they raise the head office of Lille on October 8th vis-a-vis the impossibility of seizing the town of Lille. Still the war, the coalition formed against France invades the village in 1794, but the victory of Tourcoing pushes back the enemy.

Under the Terror, the goods of the emigrants are confiscated. In the same way, the silverware and the objects of worships of the Saint-Sebastien church are inventoried, sent to Lille and are recovered by the State. The church will be even sold on September 29th 1798 with the biddings at the same time as that of Ascq and that of Flers, but will not be demolished. After the Legal settlement, it will be taken again by the monks.

Starting from 1800, the mayors are named by the Préfet. The first will be P.J. Mahieu for Annappes.

The wars of the Empire are greedy as individuals, and the men of the village are very numerous to mutilate themselves or to hide in the career of Lezennes.

XIXe century

The activity of Annappes remains primarily artisanal and agricultural. Great landowners remain with the capacity of the borough, like the baron of Empire Romain-Joseph de Brigode-Kemlandt - deputy of the Northern 19 years between 1805 and 1837 and mayor of the commune of 1814 to 1848 - and his/her friends De Clercy and De Montalembert which dominates the village. The policy of the time has very little influence on the population, which adapts immediately to the royalty, the republic and the empire. Still at that time, the villages suffer from the epidemics and difficult work conditions (Sunday rest respected step, Travail of the children etc).

Annappes remains very rural and has evil to accept progress, thus the motorists of Annappes are seen advised in 1903 to take example on the horses.

XXe century

France enters the First World War, where much villager died. As from October 1914, the German occupy the area, until the release by the Britanniques in October 1918.

With the rise to power of the metropolis inhabitant of Lille, more and more of people start to live in peripheries, and the population of the village increases considerably. In 1939, Annappes counts approximately 4000 inhabitants. In first half of the 20th century, Annappes is made up to 75% of workmen, but remains a country in village matter directed by the traditional authorities. The relationships to the capacities and the Community life persists according to the old styles, because there are in Annappes only few liberal professions or industrial middle-class.

The area undergoes full whip the Second world war. For this period, Annappes depends on the German command of Brussels, and will never have belonged to the Vichy government. The German occupation will last of May 1940 at September 1944, and the zone will once again be released by the British.

In 1958 the Association of Paralyzed France creates the Center of functional rehabilitation Marc Sautelet, which will not cease since then developing.

Of 1964 with 1967 a scientific university campus is created on grounds mainly located at the south of the commune of Annappes. The Faculty of Science of Lille, today University of Sciences and Technologies of Lille, settles there.

In 1967, the urban community of Lille is created and gathers 89 communes of which Annappes, Ascq and Flers. February 4th 1970, at the time of a press conference, the town halls of Annappes, Ascq and Flers announce that their communes will amalgamate. February 25th, Annappes does not exist any more as a commune and becomes a simple district of the new city of Villeneuve d' Ascq. In 1974, Annappes counted 13800 inhabitants.

Famous residents

Évrard of the Friuli (? - 866), marquis de Frioul.
Gisele (? - 874), girl of Louis the Piles.
Berenger Ier of the Friuli (? - 924), marquis de Frioul, king of the Lombards, emperor of the Romans.
Alard Preud' man, middle-class man inhabitant of Lille of the 13th century.
Jean de Roblès (? - 1621), baron, governor of Lille at the 16th century.
Family De Lannoy, holders of the castle of Preud' man and Roblès at the 18th century.
Anne Gadenne, witch supposed at the 17th century.
Jean-Baptiste Béghin, mayor of Annappes in 1790.
A. Boussemart, mayor of Annappes about 1791.
Madam de Brigode, owner fine 18th century.
P.J. Mahieu, mayor of Annappes named by the prefect in 1800.
Romain-Joseph de Brigode-Kemlandt (1775-1854) baron d' Empire, great landowner, deputy of the Northern , mayor of Annappes.
Family De Montalembert, counts and countesses, great landowners.
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Family De Clercy, Viscounts and viscountesses, great landowners.

Curiosity

Auguste Labbe, chansonnier inhabitant of Lille, written in 1896 a poem with the glory of Annapes: " Goods indrots, ch' Ti there ch' is the cream And Lillos the serious puses will say to You that ch' is Annapp' which one likes Ch' is Annapes that one likes best! "

A Tree of Freedom was planted in 1848 on the place of the village to celebrate the advent of the Second Republic. Church Saint-Sebastien (XIIe century) sheltering the crypt of the family of the Count de Montalembert. Villa Gabrielle (XVIIIe century), in the past attached to the Old people's homes of Lille.

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