Andrea di Pietro della Gondola , known as Andrea Palladio , is a Architecte of the Italian Renaissance born with Padoue the November 8th 1508 and died with Vicence in 1580. He is the author of a treaty entitled the Four Books of architecture .

Its work had a considerable impact, and influences many architects still today.

Biography

At 13 years, it is registered by his father for six years in the workshop of the architect and sculptor Bartolomeo Cavazza da Sossano with Padoue. In April 1523, Palladio flees in Vicence, but it is constrained to return there for breach of contract. One year later, it is registered with the corporation of the sculptors of Vicence.

In 1537, it is called as project superintendent by the Tale Giangiorgio Trissino to direct the building site of the Cricoli villa. Trissino is a poet, philosopher, well-read man and diplomat with the service of the Roman curia, it is humanistic, expert of art of warfare and impassioned of architecture. It is Trissino which gives the nickname of “palladio” to Andrea. Trissino makes admit Palladio in the humanistic circle of Vicence, Académia Olympica.

Giangiorgio Trissino, author of the work epic and poetic Italia liberata dai Goti , makes known in Palladio the works of Vitruve and Alberti, and pushes Palladio to improve in the Liberal arts and the Humanisme. Trissino and Palladio make, in 1541, a first voyage archaeological to Rome where they look further into their knowledge of art to build Antique .

After this first voyage Palladio returns in Vicence where while exerting its art it looks further into its study of Vitruve. It goes back several times to Rome in 1545, 1547 and 1549 to improve its statements which it specifies and confronts with the writings of Vitruve.

In addition to Vitruve of which he is an attentive reader, Palladio refers also to many Latin authors such as Pline, Jules César and with authors who are more contemporary to him like Leon Baptiste Alberti or Vasari.

Starting from 1550, in spite of the disappearance of Giangiorgio Trissino and Paul III, the fame of Palladio extends to Venice where it directs the construction of the Basilique San Giorgio Maggiore.

In 1554, under Jules III, Palladio makes its last voyage to Rome with the “révérendissime Daniel Barbaro, Patriarche of Aquilée”, with which he collaborated in the edition of the Of structured of Vitruve published in Venice in 1556.

In 1554, Palladio publishes Antichita di Roma .

In spite of the representations of the temples of Nimes in the Four Books it seems that Palladio never left Italy during its voyages. It could have gone on a journey in Piedmont, at the request of Emmanuel-Philibert of Savoy during the summer 1566. It east can be at the court of this voyage which it always goes to Turbie of which it describes, in the Four Books the Roman monument. Its talent is recognized with Florence where it is allowed in 1566 like member of the Accademia dell' Arte del Disegno.

the Four Books of architecture are published in 1570 in Venice and comprise engravings on wood realized under the direction of Palladio.

This same year, Palladio succeeds Sansovino, deceased, with the load of architect as a chief of Sérénissime; it built there the churches of San Giorgio Maggiore and Redentore.

Andrea Palladio dies in 1580 before to have completed the Olympic Theater of Vicence that its disciple Vicenzo Scamozzi will finish.

Portraits of Palladio

No contemporary of Palladio carried out portrait of the Master, whether it is a literary portrait or an artistic image. Andrea Palladio is very discrete remainder on itself and its physical appearance. There exists a very vague self-portrait, which is in the address with the reader of the Four Books of architecture .

There does not seem to have been either biography before the 17th century.

The ordering of the statue of the Olympic Academy goes back to nearly eight years after death to Palladio " as long as the memory of the features of the Master is still vive". The most known portrait dates from the 18th century, it is allotted to the engraver Mariotti, this portrait illustrates a work on the Olympic theater of Vicence.

The frontispiece of The Architecture off A. Palladio (1715) first edition in English language by Giacomo Leoni of the Quattro libri dell' will architettura presents a whimsical portrait. This type of portrait seems to be taken again by Lord Burlington towards 1730 who publishes a whimsical and beardless portrait of Palladio allotted to William Kent. In any event the character represented on these British “portraits” is not Palladio.

The Work of Palladio

Achievements

The architectural production of Palladio concentrates in Venezia where one can still admire, in Vicence, the Olympic Théâtre, the municipal large palace said Basilique palladienne, the Loggia del Capitanio, of many palates and villas of which the very famous Villa Rotonda. The scenario writer Joseph Losey in 1979 has the genius to put in scene this architecture through the opera of Mozart “Don Giovanni”.

In many the villas built in Venezia, Palladio is shown particularly inspired and original in the re-use of the elements of ancient architecture which give today still to its works a feeling of grace and balance. It chooses to resort to the brickwork covered with Stuc. The stone was to be used only for the details.

The most famous villas palladiennes are:

Public works and urban residences:

  • Palate of Ragione to Vicence as from 1549;

  • Palate Chiericati with Vicence, 1550;
  • Cloister San Giorgio Maggiore and first Venetian orders, since 1565;
  • Palate Valmarana, 1566;
  • Basilica San Giorgio Maggiore, as from 1566;
  • Church of Redentore (1576/77 - 1592);
(In 1570, Palladio becomes the architect as a chief of the République of Venice)
  • Loggia del Capitanio, unfinished, 1571;
  • Olympic Theater of Vicence, completed after 1580, ultimate work finished after its death by his/her son Silla and his Scamozzi disciple.

Four Books of architecture

See also: Four Books of architecture

the Four Books of architecture ( I Quattro Libri dell' Structured ) are indissociable work of Palladio. This treaty of architecture is at the same time the expression of the theoretical thought and the presentation of works carried out or projected of Palladio.

The influence of Palladio on architecture

Palladio is an architect of the Italian Renaissance and one can regard it as a humanistic . Palladio is a man of its time, through its writings a thought universalist can be influenced by Vitruve or Pline shows through. A permanent concern of the proportion and symmetry such as it is in nature are explicit in the work of Palladio. Palladio has a great care to apply the rules of proportion recommended by the Old ones to the architectural composition and, in particular, the rules of the musical proportions stated by Pythagore. Palladio written in a report of 1567 “Les proportions of the voices are harmony for the ears; those of measurements are harmony for the yeux”.

On this point, the Palladio pupil goes beyond the Vitruve Master, because it makes a luminous demonstration of what the Master states laboriously. It is probably this clearness of the matter which filled with enthusiasm Roland Fréart de Chambray in his work of translation of the Four Books of architecture.

The success of the thought of Palladio is also attached to the great controversies like the Querelle of Old and Modern the. Palladio is like Trissino a destroyer of the Gothic art. The purpose of its theoretical work is to create an explicit method not to fall down in the old disorders.

The architectural thought of Palladio had a great success in Great Britain where the architect Inigo Jones is made a burning promoter of this thought. It is astonishing to find the name of Palladio and many other architects of the Rebirth Italian in the historical text of the Constitutions of Anderson published in London in 1723. It is by Great Britain, the day before the French revolution, that the art of Palladio returns to France: indeed, the architect Claude Nicolas Ledoux discovers there the Palladianisme and reintroduces it in France.

Thomas Jefferson itself was interested in work of Palladio at the time of voyages in Europe. The house of Monticello, close to Charlottesville in is an illustration. A contemporary of president Jefferson reports that this one liked to claim: “Palladio my Master, Four Books of architecture my Bible”.

Other more contemporary architects are also influenced by Palladio, Ricardo Bofill in particular which has with its credit more than five hundred projects in about fifty different countries, Aldo Rossi, Charles Moore and well of others.

Publications

  • About 1554, in Venice and Rome Antichita di Roma with many republications (1557) - (1560)

  • in 1570, the treaty Four books of architecture ( I Quattro Libri dell' Architettura ).
  • In 1556 it collaborates in the publication by Daniele Barbaro of the Of structured of Vitruve for which it carries out many engravings of architecture.

Chronological list of works

Note: the dates refer to the design of works, not necessarily with their construction nor with their completion. Source: CISA

  • 1531 : Gate of the church Santa Maria dei Served, Vicence

  • 1534: Villa Trissino in Cricoli, Vicence (with Gian Giorgio Trissino)
  • 1537 - 1542: Villa Godi (for Girolamo, Pietro and Marcantonio Godi), Lonedo di Lugo di Vicenza
  • 1539: Villa Piovene, Lonedo di Lugo di Vicenza (Vicence) (attribution)
  • 1540 - 1542: Palazzo Civena, Vicence
  • 1540 - 1566: Palazzo Poiana, Vicence (attribution)
  • 1542 - 1556: Palazzo Thiene, Vicence (probably on project of Giulio Romano)
  • 1542: Villa Gazzotti (for Taddeo Gazzotti), Bertesina, Vicence
  • 1542: Villa Caldogno (for Losco Caldogno), Caldogno (Vicence) (attribution)
  • 1542: Villa Pisani (per Vettore, Marco E Daniele Pisani), Bagnolo di Lonigo (Vicence)
  • 1542: Villa Thiene (for Marcantonio and Adriano Thiene), Quinto Vicentino (Vicence) (probably modification of a project of Giulio Romano)
  • 1543: Villa Saraceno (for Biagio Saraceno), Finale di Agugliaro (Vicence)
  • 1544 - 1552: Palazzo Oporto (for Iseppo De' Porti), Vicence
  • 1546 - 1549: Loggias of the Palate of Ragione ( Basilica palladienne ), Vicence (posthumous completion in 1614)
  • 1546 - 1563: Villa Pojana (for Bonifacio Pojana), Pojana Maggiore (Vicence)
  • 1546: Villa Contarini, Piazzola sul Brenta (Padoue) (attribution)
  • 1547: Villa Arnaldi (for Vincenzo Arnaldi), Meledo di Sarego (Vicence) (unfinished)
  • 1548: Villa Angarano, Bassano del Grappa (Vicence) (central body, then new project of Baldassarre Longhena)
  • 1550 - 1557: Palate Chiericati (for Girolamo Chiericati), Vicence (posthumous completion in 1680)
  • 1550: Villa Chiericati (for Giovanni Chiericati), Vancimuglio di Grumolo delle Abbadesse (Vicence) (posthumous completion in 1584 by Domenico Groppino)
  • 1552: Villa Cornaro (for Giorgio Cornaro), Piombino Dese (Padoue)
  • 1552: Villa Pisani (for Francesco Pisani), Montagnana (Padoue)
  • 1554 - 1563: Villa Badoer known as Badoera (for Francesco Badoer), Fratta Polesine (RO)
  • 1554: Villa Oporto (for Paolo Oporto), Vivaro di Dueville (VI) (attribution)
  • 1554: Villa Barbaro (for Daniele and Marcantonio Barbaro), Maser (TV)
  • 1554: Villa Zeno (per Marco Zeno), Donegal di Cessalto (TV)
  • 1555: Palazzo Paved Torre, Vérone (carried out partially; partially destroyed by a bombardment of 1945)
  • 1556: Arco Bollani, Udine
  • 1556: Palazzo Antonini, Udine (deteriorated by successive modifications)
  • 1556: Villa Thiene, Cicogna di Villafranca Padovana (Padoue)
  • 1557: Villa Repeated, Campiglia dei Berici (Vicence), (destroyed by a fire and rebuilt in another form)
  • 1558: Frontage of the Basilica San Pietro di Castello, Venice (posthumous completion)
  • 1558: Villa Emo (for Leonardo Emo), Fanzolo di Vedelago (TV)
  • 1558: Cupola of the Cathedral of Vicence, Vicence (rebuilt after the Second world war)
  • 1559: Villa Foscari known as Malcontenta , Malcontenta di Reflected (VE)
  • 1559: Put Cogollo (for Pietro Cogollo), known under the name of Casa del Palladio , Vicenza (attribution)
  • 1560 - 1563: Cloister of the cypresses (?) Refectory of the monastery of San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice
  • 1560: Convent of Charity, Venice (only realized: cloister and atrium destroy in 1630 by a fire)
  • 1560: Palazzo Schio (for Bernardo Schio), Vicence
  • 1563: Side gate of the Cathedral of Vicence
  • 1563: Villa Valmarana, Lisiera di Bolzano Vicentino (Vicence)
  • 1564: frontage of the church San Francesco della Vigna, Venice
  • 1564: Palazzo Pretorio, Cividale del Friuli (Udine) (project, attribution)
  • 1565: Basilica of San Giorgio Maggiore (Venice), (posthumous completion between 1607 and 1611 with a different frontage)
  • 1565: Wood theater of the cortile of the Convent of Charity, Venice (destroyed in 1570 per a fire)
  • 1565: Loggia del Capitanio , Vicence
  • 1565: Palate Valmarana (for Isabella Nogarola Valmarana), Vicence
  • 1565: Villa Serego (for Marcantonio Serego), Santa Sofia di Pedemonte (Vérone)
  • 1565: Villa Forni Cerato (for Girolamo Forni), Montecchio Precalcino (Vicence)
  • 1566: Capra Villa known as Rotonda (for Paolo Almerico), Vicence (posthumous completion 1585 by Vincenzo Scamozzi)
  • 1567: Villa Trissino, Meledo di Sarego (Vicence)
  • 1568: Bridge of Bassano, Bassano del Grappa (rebuilt in 1748 and after the Second world war)
  • 1569 - 1575: Palate Barbaran da Oporto (for Montano Barbarano), Vicence
  • 1569: Bridge on le/la Tesina, Torri di Quartesolo (Vicence) (attribution)
  • 1570: Villa Oporto (Molina di Malo) (for Iseppo Oporto), Molina di Malo (Vicence)
  • 1571: Palazzo Oporto Breganze on the piazza Castello, Vicence (incomplete; partially supplemented in 1615 by Vincenzo Scamozzi)
  • 1572: Palate Thiene Bonin Longare, Vicence
  • 1574 - 1577: interventions in the rooms of the Ducal Palate, Venice
  • 1574: study for the frontage of the Basilica San Petronio, Bologna
  • 1576: Vault Valmarana (for Isabella Nogarola Valmarana) in the church of Santa Corona (Vicence), Vicence
  • 1577: Chiesa del Redentore (church of the Redeemer), Venice
  • 1578: Church of Santa Maria Nova, Vicence (attribution, project, posthumous completion in 1590)
  • 1579: Carried Gemona, San Daniele del Friuli (Udine)
  • 1580: Church Santa Lucia, Venice (drawings for the interior; demolished)
  • 1580: “Tempietto” of the Villa Barbaro, Maser
  • 1580: Olympic Theater , Vicence (posthumous completion by his/her Silla son, and in 1585 by Vincenzo Scamozzi for the scene).

Random links:358 | Ximian | Happiest Homecoming one Earth | Civitas | Krušedol Selo

© 2007-2008 speedlook.com; article text available under the terms of GFDL, from fr.wikipedia.org