Andre II of Hungary

Andre II Árpád , king de Hongrie (born in 1176 - died the October 21st 1235), of the dynasty of Arpad. It animated the V {{E}} crusade in 1217. It autoproclamé king of Galicie-Volhynie (in Latin rex Galiciae and Lodomeriae ).

With his advent, the king André II (András) tries to restore a centralized mode. After having disputed the crown with his brother Emeric, it must face plots. The queen Gertrude de Méran is killed at the time of a campaign of the king in Russia by a group of dissatisfied conspirators, led by the “round of applause”, palatine itself. The soldiers of high ranking, “serving them of the king”, want to obtain the guarantee of their statutes and privileges. One also reproaches the king for having leased finances with Juifs and of Ismaélites (Moslems).

The king of Hungary then has 70% of the grounds of the kingdom, the remainder pertaining to the Church, the descent of former chiefs of tribes, to foreign knights or free warrior-peasants. Under the reign of Andre II, the donations of the king with various recipients, monasteries, évêchés or particular, accelerate, announcing a system seigneurial. These donations give birth to a class from barons, without implying bonds of vassalage towards the sovereign giver.

The reign of Andre II of Hungary leaves us twice more documents than the two previous centuries. The written production emanates from the royal chancellery, of the institutions of the State and the Church, but also of the cities. Initially exclusively in Latin, it contains more and more elements in German, Slovak and Hungarian.

Andre II takes part in a crusade with Midsummer's Day d' Acre (1217 - 1218) and encounters his return to a revolt of the nobility. He is constrained to grant a Gold Bubble to him: it guaranteed to the nobility an annual diet, immunities of a tax nature and the perception of the taxes. She recognizes to him the right of insurrection against the monarch (1222).

By Andreanum (1224), it grants to the Saxons Transylvania a statute of autonomy and important special fiscal advantages.

Family

With his wife, Gertrude de Méran, it has as children:
  1. Anne-Marie (1203-1221), wife of tsar Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria
  2. Béla IV of Hungary (1206-1270) which succeeds to him in 1235
  3. holy Elisabeth of Hungary (1207-1231)
  4. Coloman (1208-1241), duke of Slavonie
  5. André (1210-1234), king of Galicie-Volhynie

With its 2nd wife, Yolande de Courtenay (girl of Pierre II of Courtenay), it has a girl:

  1. Yolande (1219? - 1251), wife of the king Jacques Ier d' Aragon.

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