Ancient Philosophy

Principal periods

Hellenic Period

presocratic
Athenian and socratic Philosophy

hellenistic Philosophy
Greek Philosophy and Roman
Néoplatonisme

presocratic philosophers

Philosophy is born with the beginning from, by physicists whose thought of the world can appear in our eyes poetic. Its cradles are at the level of the Mediterranean coast of current Turkey, Greece of Asia or Ionie and the South of Italy, which one names Grande Greece.

The Ionian ones

School milésienne with Millet

Thalès (- 630-570) remained famous for its theorem. For him, the original principle is water.
Anaximandre (- 610-540), disciple of Thalès and Master of Anaximène, considers that the infinite one is the principle of all. It creates a true cosmogony.
Anaximène de Milet (- 580-520) thinks that the original principle is the air.

Others

Héraclite of Éphèse with (- 540-460) is classically opposite in Parménide by its theory of universal mobility.
Cratyle (- 470-400) disciple of Héraclite, which affirms paradoxically that the opposites are linked.

School pythagorician, born with Crotona

Pythagore (- 570-?) celebrate for its theorem

Philolaos of Crotona (- 480-405)
Cercops
Pétron
Brontin
Théano mathematician, wife of Brontin and defender of the women's right.
Hippase de Métaponte (medium of) would have been the Master of Héraclite and directed the acousmaticians, the pupils non-inities of the school pythagorician.
Calliphon
Démocédès
Parméniscos this rich person citizen of Métaponte would have lost faculty to laugh and would have sold Xénophane like slave.
Ménestor botanist
Xouthos
Boïdas
Thrasyalcès
Alcméon of Crotona (- 520-450)
Iccos of Tarente was doctor and athlete.
Paron
Aminias
Archytas
Timée de Locres
Hippon
Phaléas
Hippodamos
Polyclète
Hippocrates de Chio
Theodore de Cyrène
Eurytos
Archippos
Lysis
Opsimos
Occelos
Xenophilous Hicétas
Ecphantos
Dioclès
Échécrate
Polymnastos
Phanton
Arion
Proros
Amyclas
Clinias
Phintias
Simos
Myonide
Euphranor
Lycon

Éléates born with Élée

Parménide (- 500-440) affirms that the being is, the non-being is not. It poses the problem of appearances.
Zenon d' Elée (- 460-?), disciple of Parménide, that Aristote regards as the founder of the dialectical one.
Empédocle d' Agrigente (- 500-430) known as that the world is supported by two opposed principles, the love and hatred.

The Nuclear physicists

Leucippe (- 500-420)
Démocrite d' Abdère (- 460-390)
Nessas
Métrodore de Chio
Diogène of Smyrna
Anaxarque
Hécatée d' Abdère
Apollodore de Cyzique
Nausiphane
Diotime
Bion d' Abdère
Bolos

The other présocratiques ones

Xénophane de Colophon (- 560-470) thinks that the original principle is the ground. He affirms that there is one God.
Métrodore de Lampsaque, Old the ()
Anaxagore de Clazomènes
Diogène d' Apollonie ()
Melissos de Samos (- 450-?)
Archytas de Tarente (- 440-360)
Eudoxe de Cnide
Philaloas (- 590? - 480?)
Phérécyde de Syros ()

Athenian philosophers and socratic

Anaxagore de Clazomènes (- 499-428)
Périclès (- 495-429)
Protagoras (- 490-420)
Gorgias (- 480-390)
Prodicus de Ceos (- 465-399)
Damon the musician
Antiphon (- 480-411)
Ion of Tap-hole
Socrate (- 469-399) famous for its oral teaching (it did not leave any writing) and its death with the conium (the Athenians condemned it)
Hippias (medium of)
Thrasymaque (- 459-400)
Euclide de Mégare (- 450-380)
Antisthène (- 445-360)
Aristippe de Cyrène (- 435-356)
Plato (- 429-347) disciple of Socrate which put in writing its teaching and its own ideas.
Xénophon (- 425-350)
Speusippe (- 407-339)
Diogène de Sinope (- 400-325)
Métrodore de Chios ()
Xénocrate (- 396-314)
Aristote (- 384-322)
Stilpon (- 380-300)
Théophraste (- 370-288)
Straton (- 320-250)
Hegesias
Euclide de Mégare
Diodore Cronos
Stilpon

Hellenistic philosophers

Pyrrhon (- 365-275) founder of skepticism
Épicure (- 341-270) founder of the School of the Garden and a philosophy of the happiness of the individual (badly interpreted later) resting on the simple and fundamental pleasures of the life.
Métrodore de Lampsaque, the young person (- 331-278)
Zénon de Citium (- 365-263) founder of the stoicism, which will perdura under the Roman epoch
Cléanthe (- 331-232) stoical
Timon of Phlionte (- 325-235)
Arcésilas (- 320-240) skeptic
Ménippe ()
Archimedes (- 287-212)
Chrysippe (- 280-207) stoical
Carnéade (- 210-130) skeptic
Kleitomachos (187-109)
Metrodore de Stratonice (fine of )
Panétius (- 180-110) stoical
Philon of Larissa (- 160-80)
Posidonius (- 135-51) stoical
Antiochos d' Ascalon (- 130-68)
Ænésidème ()
Philon of Alexandria (- 30 +45)
Clutched the skeptic (a. J. - C.)

hellenistic Schools of thoughts

cynical School
School épicurienne
School eclectic hedonist
School
néo-platonic School
School stoical skeptic
School
School sophist

Roman philosophers and of late Antiquity

Cicéron (106-43)
Lucrèce (94-55)
Sénèque the Young person (4-65) stoical
Musonius Rufus (30-100)
Plutarque (45-120)
Epictète (50-130) stoical
Marc-Aurèle (121-180) stoical
Clement of Alexandria (150-215)
Alcinous (2nd century a. J. - C.)
Sextus Empiricus (3rd century a. J. - C.) skeptic
Alexandre d' Aphrodisie (3rd century a. J. - C. )
Am Saccas (3rd century a. J. - C.)
Plotin (204-270)
Porphyry (232-304)
Jamblique (242-327)
Thémistius (317-388)
Saint-Augustin (354-430)
Proclus (411-485)
Damascius (462-540)
Boethius (472-524)
Philoponus d' Alexandria (490-570)
Simplicius de Cilicie (490-560)
Hypatie

See too

Internal bond

List of the philosophers by alphabetical school

List of the ancient philosophers

External bond

John Burnet, Early Greek Philosophy , text on line: http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/index.htm
'' Université of Stanford '', Doxographie of the ancient Philosophy

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