Anarchistic revolutionary organization

At the end of the years 1960, that brews in the old European synthesists federations. A new generation of militants is disappointed purely ideological work of organizations whose raison d'être is to gather all the tendencies of anarchism. Initially these militants gather in tendencies inside the old organizations. In 1967, the libertarian Communists again gather in the anarchistic Fédération and create in its center a new organized tendency, the anarchistic revolutionary Organization (ORA) which publishes the sheet the Insurrectionist . Proof that there exists a certain international coordination, these tendencies will take all about the same name: Anarchistic revolutionary organization. There are quickly tendencies organized in the United Kingdom, in France and Italy. These last make scission with the beginning of the year 1970 and to find itself like organizations with whole share in their respective countries. In 1969 a communist anarchistic Federation of occitanie (FACO) per Guy Malouvier is created, who adheres to the ORA. Since 1970, the ORA is detached gradually from the anarchistic Federation to become during the year a specific organization. Under the impulse of the French an international coordination is created and all adopt the platform like historical and organisational reference central.

In 1971, the MCL and the ORA try a bringing together which fails in spite of the intervention and the mediation of Daniel Guerin. In July, a group of the MCL joined the ORA. Four groups of the ORA join the MCL and give rise to the first libertarian communist Organization (OCL-1) at the time of a constitutive congress in Marseilles.

The FACO withdraws ORA after dissensions relating inter alia to the question of nationality.

1st at August 4th, the Internationale of the anarchistic federations holds in Paris its 2nd congress. As from July, libertarian the Front circles, which represent the reception facilities of the sympathizers of the ORA, are created. Their membership does not involve a systematic adhesion with the ORA.

Militants leave the ORA to join the Union of the Communists of France (Stalinist ultra Maoist group).

In 1972, the ORA excludes from the militants who supported the “single revolutionary candidatures” for the legislative elections. A minority of them will reinforce Workers' struggle, while the majority joined the communist Ligue.

According to many militants having taken part in these organizations, the experiment will be marked by a certain gauchism and a logic partidaire of competition with the other organizations of extreme-left (1). In the middle of the years the 1970 ORA burst in France and in the United Kingdom, while the organization étiole in Italy.

In 1974, the OCL bursts definitively following its evolution conseillist which goes back to 1971. The remainder of its militants, reinforced by the arrival of two secessionist groups of the ORA, founds a new organization and a review, Rupture . This one wants to contribute to “the development of the communist project to the emergence of a radical communist movement”. Part of the members of this regrouping (group of Beauvais) takes part in June 1974 in a meeting which joins together in Paris various groups and individuals of sensitivity Ultra-gauche on the initiative of the group For a Communist Intervention.

This orientation Ultra-gauche will lead them towards the “autonomous” groups. This organization disappears very quickly.

In France, the congress of 1976 takes note of a scission and changes the name of the organization which becomes the libertarian communist Organization. The OCL continues until today, crossed debates on the organization and the federalism. It rejects the vision punt-formiste of the things and ends up building a single model of organization very decentralized and functioning on a assembleist mode. The OCL develops a practice of intervention which it names “mouvementist and rupturist” who gives to priority to local, critical work the trade unions and any institutionalization of the fights.

The other French tendency to emerge from the debris of the ORA renames Union of the libertarian communist workers (UTCL). It bases its practice on an intervention in the companies and the trade unions as on the fights where the other organizations of extreme-left are present. The UTCL, contrary to the OCL, maintains the reference to the Platform. In 1991, after a long process of debate, the UTCL decides to widen and becomes Alternative libertarian (which always exists). Libertarian alternative maintains a tradition punt-formiste flexible and bases its practice, as the UTCL of which it finally does not seem to be only the prolongation, on an intervention in the social movements (with priority with the alternative trade unions). For a few years, Alternative libertarian has tried, after a fashion, to structure an international libertarian pole (primarily in Europe and in Americas in fact) gathering political organizations as it and libertarian central trade-unions excluded from HAS (like CGT in Spain and the SAC in Sweden).

In the United Kingdom, the ORA it also underwent very many turbulences (2). At the end of the years 1970, any activity specifically communist libertarian had disappeared from the British ground. Then, in 1986, a process of debate on the need for the organization leads to the foundation of the anarchist-Communist Federation (ACF) which takes again rather rigid positions punt-formistes. With the passing of years the ACF develops a whole series of positions which brings it more and more closer to far left (intransigent internationalism, rejection of the trade unions, etc). Its practice is based on an often impressive theoretical development and an intervention in the movement of radical direct action which has emerged for a few years in the United Kingdom. Today, the ACF is not claimed strictly any more of the Platform, which became for it a reference among so much of others, nor even of traditional anarchism but also of the Communists of councils and other Marxists libertarian. The last year (in 1999) the ACF changed name, it names now the anarchistic Federation (AF).

Notes:

1) See the criticism of the OCL in France in the document of presentation of the organization published in the second out of the ordinary one of the review Alternative course or the file published in Organizes! at the time of the tenth birthday of the ACF in the United Kingdom (today AF).

2) Explained in details in the file quoted in the preceding note.

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