Anaphora (grammar)

See also: Anaphora

In Grammar, a anaphora is a Mot or a Syntagme which, in a stated, ensures a resumption Sémantique of a preceding segment called Antécédent. The anaphora is a fundamental process which takes part in the coherence of a text.

  • the anaphora can avoid a lexical repetition :

Jean did not have a pen: I lent to him mine .
the possessive Pronom “ mine ” is an anaphora whose antecedent is the name “ pen ”. Without the anaphora, the sentence would be less elegant: “ Jean did not have a pen: I lent my pen to him. ”

  • According to the context, the choice of such or such Anaphora, will be able to dissipate possible a ambiguity, or, quite to the contrary, to produce a sentence suitable for cover several interpretations - a Amphibologie:

My neighbor adopted a large dog. Il is not very sympathetic nerve.
the personal Pronom “ It ” is an anaphora. But which is its antecedent? Is this “ close ”, or is this the “ large dog ”, which “ is not very sympathetic nerve ”?

My neighbor adopted a large dog. Cet animal is not very sympathetic nerve.

the nominal Syntagme “ This animal ” is also an anaphora, but, in this case, plus any doubt does not plane on the identity of its antecedent: it is well “ the large dog ” which “ is not very sympathetic nerve ”.

  • principal the categories being able to play the part of an anaphora is the Nom, the Pronom and the Adverbe. For more details, to consult the article textual Representation.

  • There thus exists, between the antecedent and the anaphora, a relation of textual representation (or phrastic ), the anaphora being the element representative , and the antecedent, the element represented . When in such a relation, the order of appearance of these two elements is reversed, the representative then takes the name of cataphore, and represented, that of consequent .

  • Notons that one should not confuse the grammatical anaphora with the anaphora in rhetoric.

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