Anémomorphose

The term “ anémomorphose ” is built starting from the old Greek anémos (άνεμος), which means “wind”, and morphos (μορφος), “form”. The anémomorphose is thus the formal amendment of the Plante S and the vegetable landscapes under the effect of the dominant Vent S. This phenomenon is especially remarkable on the Littoral and in Montagne.

Mechanisms

Certain territories are especially subjected to the influence of the wind and in particular of dominant winds, i.e. blowing generally of a privileged direction. Contrary to the animals, the plants cannot from it be withdrawn. They consequently must, of the Germination to their disappearance, to permanently undergo the effects of this ecological Facteur.

The air volume displacement can in oneself, when it is sufficiently intense or continuous, impose constraints on the development of the plants. But the impact of the winds on the ecosystem S is in general strongly worsened by two phenomena:

the transport of particles (Sand, elements fine snatches on the ground…) because of the phenomenon known by the name of “wind deflation”;
in the littoral regions, the Spray S salted.

The most obvious character of the vegetations subjected to a strong influence wind is not their weak development in height. In the most exposed zones, the vegetation is very close-cropped. The tree is generally excluded from it, in particular on the littoral which cumulates the direct effect of the wind, wind deflation and the spray.

Following the storms, the air parts of the plants are frequently necrosed, as burned, sometimes even broken. But the long-term action of the wind leads in the same way to fading of the most exposed elements and to the elimination of the branches exceeding vegetable vertically covered.

Methods

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Forms

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Levels of modification

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Scales

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