Amplifying medium

See also: Amplifying

In a Laser , the amplifying medium is a material which makes it possible to amplify the Lumière the beam. This Gain is often created by stimulated emission. For that, an energy source is necessary that one calls optical Pompage. To be able to carry out the Inversion of population, it is necessary to have transfers of populations between at least three levels of the amplifying medium.

The amplifying medium is an central element of the lasers because it makes it possible to compensate for the losses that the light undergoes with the fur-and-with-measurement which it carries out of the return tickets in the optical Cavité. This importance is translated by the fact that one generally names the lasers by the composition of their amplifying medium.

The amplifying mediums can be made up of various materials:

Of the crystals doped with Ion S like the Neodymium, the Ytterbium, the Erbium, the Titanium, the Chromium. The most frequent examples are YAG, YVO4 and the Saphir.
Of the Glass like the Silicate S or the Phosphate S, also doped with ions.
Of the Gas like the Helium, the Neon, the Nitrogen, the Carbon dioxide, etc
Of the Semiconductor S like the Gallium arsenide.
Of the solutions of some dye S (see Laser with dye).
Of the beams of electron S (see Laser with free electrons).

The optical Pompage can be obtained with a Electric current, Lumière, chemical reactions, etc

External bond

Encyclopedia of the physics of the lasers (in English).

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