Amgala

Amgala, is a city of the Western Sahara (ex colony of Spain) which is located near the Moroccan wall, and with some encablures of the town of Tifariti. This area knew in the past a bloody fight for its release. Indeed, the year 1976 sees for the first time a direct confrontation between the Algerian army (come to lend strong hand to the combatants of Polisario) and the Moroccan army. The battle, proceeds in two phases: during the first, the Moroccan army, has succeeds in ensuring, the control of this city. The reaction of Algeria, will not delay, to appear: on order of president Houari Boumédiène, a heavy armament, as well as special troops (8emeBB), were dispatched in reinforcement. The second confrontation, ended in a blood bath and the destruction total, Moroccan garrison.

The war of 1976-1991

Amgala is under the control of Polisario at the end of 1975, following the evacuation of all the territory in the east of Smara by the Spanish army. It is used as point of supply for the population sahraouie on the road of the exile in Algeria. An Algerian garrison brings officially its logistical support for this operation.

In January 1976, a first confrontation with Algeria turns to the advantage of Morocco: 200 Algerian soldiers are killed, 101 captured, the Algerian troops evacuate the Western Sahara while the Moroccan troops take control of the oasis.

February 14th, an Algerian armor-plated column inflicts heavy losses with the small Moroccan garrison, then is folded up quickly behind the border Mauritanian. According to Anthony G. Pazzanita and Tony Hodges, it is acted in fact of a reprisal carried out by Polisario, in which Algeria does not take part. Morocco takes again the control of the zone on February 16th.

Polisario organizes several attacks of guerilla during the following months. In December, 5 Moroccan soldiers are killed and several casualties.

Following cease to it fire of 1979 between the Mauritania (before allied of Morocco) and Polisario, this one is free to concentrate its attacks on the Moroccan troops, and the constrained one to give up Amgala temporarily.

In October 1989, Polisario launches a decisive attack against the Moroccan garrison and takes the control of the zone definitively .

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