Ambroise de Loré

Ambroys de Loré , (v. 1395, Bird - May 25th 1446, Paris), knight, companion of Jeanne d' Arc, reforming Police chief of the trades and the police force and Guard of prévôté of Paris, compared Provost of Paris of 1436 to 1446, was born towards 1395 with the castle from Loré .

Origin and genealogy

Origin

Wire of Ambroys Ier de Loré and Marie de Prez . His/her grandfather was Robert de Loré, knight.

The mother of Loré, Marie de Prez, was the bastard girl of Guillaume de Prez and Thiphaine Arnoul, chambrière considered easy of Pre-in-Pail. One can suspect it, without proof, to have, by this marriage above his condition - because Guillaume de Prez was a large character -, makes a good operation. It is Guillaume de Prez which Marie himself Marie with Ambroys Ier .

The business of the marriage

The marriage of Ambroys II of Loré and Guillemine de Courceriers has repercussions until the Parlement of Paris and with the Hotel of the King. It is necessary to prove the legitimate marriage of Thiphaine Arnoul and Guillaume de Prez so that Ambroys can marry Guillemette/Guillemine. Marie de Prez, Tiphaine Arnoul and Guillaume de Courceriers are imprisoned with Sillé-the-Guillaume then with Paris, with the Châtelet, all the three with others. The business makes noise, because the goods of Olivier de Prez are put out of balance; he is the legitimate son of Guillaume de Prez.

Descent

Of its marriage with Guillemette de Courceriers, it has a son, Ambroys III of Loré , lord of Loré with Oisseau in Mayenne, and a girl, Marie de Loré .
Of its second marriage with Katherine de Marcilly, baroness of Ivry, it has a girl, Ambroise de Loré , lady of Muessy, married to Robert d' Estouteville , lord of Beynes, Prévôt of Paris, adviser and chamberlain of the kings Charles VII and Louis XI, captain of Fécamp. Robert d' Estoutteville and Ambroise de Loré will have five children:

Jacques, lord of Beynes and Blainville, baron of Saint-Andre-in-the-Walk, Provost of Paris, adviser and chamberlain of the King, married with Gillette de Coetivy, (girl of Olivier de Coetivy, Lord of Taillebourg and Marie, bastard of Valois, Ram of Royan and Mornac - girl of Charles VII and Agnès Sorel, Dame of Beauty)
Helene, Dame of Tronchoy, married with Rene de Chateaubriant, baron de Loigny, (wire of Théaude de Chateaubriant, baron of Lion-in Angers, and Francoise Hodart)
Marie, married in 1478 with Jean de Chateauvillain, lord of Castle-Unpleasant, Grancey and Pierrepont, (wire of Jean, lord of Castle-Unpleasant and Louise de Raoullin)
Jeanne, married with Robert Anglois says Galand, lord of Angiens, (wire of Robert Anglois, lord of Angiens and Jeanne de Manteville)
Ambroise, nun with Saint Saver.

For this branch, the first name of the boys is Ambroys and the first name of the girls Ambroise . Ambroise for a boy is related to the collateral branches, and not this one.

Family of Loré

In addition to his/her children, Ambroys de Loré is at the origin of 4 principal branches:

the Loré last was Ambroise VIII of Loré husband of Marie of Jaille; they had had 3 children whose girl alone survived; she married in 1630 called a Milhot, secretary of the Room of the King, whose posterity the name of Loré under the reign of Louis XIV raised and transmitted the first name of Ambroise, become traditional. This second family lived alternatively Paris and Toulouse. The weapons of Loré carried of hermine to three cinquefoils of mouth , and Ambroise, qualified in the chronicles of rider, held his stronghold of the count, then duke of Alençon.

History

Beginnings

In 1410, old of 16 years or approximately , it was the elder one of three brothers, which had already good will with the war . Ambrois had been married prematurely and thanks to operations enough compromising of his/her mother, widow then, and of her grandmother, with Guillemette de Courceriers, girl of a rich person and powerful knight of the country. Ambrois did not feel all these intrigues; it wanted good to be useful against the English; one was in full and hard war; the weather was its first weapons early.

The party of the Armagnacs

It takes part in the battle of Bataille of Azincourt in 1415. There follows the party of the Armagnacs during the Civil war between Armagnacs and Burgundian and remains attached to the dolphin Charles. After various combat with the Low-Maine, around the Castle of Courceriers, we find it with Paris with the number of the companions of Tanneguy of Châtel, which it helps the May 29th 1418 to withdraw the dolphin from the hands of the Bourguignons, then at the station of the Pont of Charenton, which it defends while the dolphin goes to Melun.

The return in Maine

English approaches and the situation becomes critical: " The roy of England tousjours conquestoit and prenoit places, as well in the duchy of Normandy as in the county of Maine, and trouvoit no resistance, if not of aucuns gentlemen of good will. Between the others there avoit nice a escuyer named Ambroise de Lore, who estoit in the chastel of Courceries, and mettoit sorrow to find and catch Anglois" .

Recalled in the Maine, it seizes Fresnay, of which it is made captain, continues the fight with strength with Guerin de Fontaine under the command of the Seigneur of Beauveau, governor of Anjou and Maine, and during ten years a hard war of partisan carries out who never leaves the English in safety and which comforts the oppressed populations. It loses Beaumont, Fresnay the 19 April 1420, is made prisoner close to Unpleasant-the-Juhel, takes refuge, hardly delivered, in the Holy-Suzanne fortress of , takes part in several battles, carries out its troop in heroic rides, governs singular combat. Command of Holy-Suzanne, " who estoit the nearest place of the borders of Anglois" , is given to him in 1422 to replace Pierre Hérisson.

The fight against the English: Catch of Mans and seat of Holy-Suzanne

In 1422, with the Count d' Aumale, the Viscount of Narbonne and the Baron de Coulonches, it makes a happy campaign in Normandy. Two engagements are delivered one beyond Bernay, the other with the return, on the road of Mortagne. Loré is with the avant-garde in walk ahead, with the rear-guard in the retirement. Battle of Brossinière}} It begins again [[Nogent]] and it [[Ferté-Bernard]] in [[1424]]. But during the summer of 1425, on August 2nd its adversary Thomas Montaigu, count de Salisbury, count of the Pole and lieutenant-governor of Normandy attacks Mans. The English historian Desmond Seward describes it like " the commander more distinguished produces by England during all the war of One hundred ans" ; he is, especially, " after the king Henri V, the first expert English artillery commander with poudre" .

Jean Chartier reports the attack thus: " Dictates quoted of Mans ainssy taken as known as is, the aforementioned count de Salbery put the seat in front of the aforementioned chastel and town of Saincte-Suzanne at the known as country of Maine, desquez chastel and city estoit captain, Lord Ambrois, lord de Loré. And fist icelluy tale Salbery to sit and match new grosses bombard and several French canon and vouglaires, which bombard and guns after eight or ten days started to draw day and night without delay, and so much that ilz abatirent the walls of the aforesaid the city more loing that the feature of an arc, and fist one several projections and skirmishes of one costé and other. And finally was constrained says it knight and others of the aforesaid the place to return iceulx chastel and city to the known as count de Salbery, and lost iceulx knights and its let us compaignons all their goods and their prisoners, and from went away, after the aforementioned returned place, all with magpie. And for the fraiz of the known as count de Salbery, was contrainct says it knight to pay him the sum of two hundred escuz of or" .

Holy-Suzanne is thus taken on August 10th and Loré, its governor, prisoner with the garrison, pays 200 ecus for its ransom, then is withdrawn with Sablé to take again the fight without failure. In 1426, Loré however comes with a detachment from 150 men until for Holy-Suzanne surprising Henry Branch which it captures with his troop between the localities Crousille and Ambriers ; and even a bold point into the suburbs of Mans pushes, which fall one moment between its hands.

When the constable Arthur de Richemont leaves Maine to go to Châtellerault during the autumn of 1427, Loré has the command now, where it supports a first attack of Falstaff, and which becomes its center of operations.

With Holy-Suzanne, Ambroise de Loré had as a comrade in arms Bertrand of the Tool bag , which will also accompany it with the lifting by the seat by Orleans. September 25th 1429, “by an exploit whose Laval should always remember”, known as the Abbé Angot , with Raoul of Bouchet , Jean de Champchevrier , Jean de Villiers and a handle of soldiers guided by the miller of the Three-Mills, Jean Fouquet , Bertrand of the Tool bag contributed to the resumption of Laval on the English.

Sit of Orleans

One announces then his presence to the court as of the end of March or, at most late, at the beginning of April 1429. The duke of Alençon meets it close to the queen Yolande of Anjou one day that it comes to discuss with this princess from a convoy vivres which one will direct on Orleans. When the hour of the departure had come, it is on him that the dolphin throws the eyes to lead Jeanne d' Arc to Blois, where will concentrate the troops. It leaves then to join the elite of the French knighthood under the walls of Orleans. It is distinguished under the eyes of Jeanne d' Arc and follows it to all the glorious stages of the road of Rheims, often with the avant-garde and the perilous stations

The sacring of Charles VII

Ambrois de Loré, gives to the avant-garde with Jargeau, Meung-sur-Loire, Beaugency. With the Bataille of Patay on June 18th 1429, it orders with Etienne de Vignolles known as Hire and Jean Poton de Xaintrailles the 1.500 riders, which falling to the improvist on more than 4.000 English cut off behind heavy shoed piles, throw in their rows such an agitation and such a disorder that the English cannot intend any more them to order and to put in battle .

In walk on Rheims, it always appears in first line. It receives from Charles VII the command of the troops remained in camp at the time of the capitulatuon of Troyes.

With the avant-garde

With Xaintrailles and 20 riders, through groves, coppice and ravines, it follows, it épie all the movements of the army of Jean of Lancaster, which advances towards Senlis, then will defer to the king the invaluable indications which he could collect. In this circumstance, it was not due to him which the English were not completely crushed in the passing of a river that they could cross only two to two. The French did not press enough their walk and could not benefit from the occasion which was offered (August 14th 1429).

Governor of Lagny

The August 24th, it rejoins in Senlis Jeanne d' Arc and the duke of Alençon, which had just left Compiegne, without the approval of the king, and moved with them towards Paris. But the August 29th, Lagny-sur-Marne, place of first importance, which orders the passage of the Marne, having made its Charles VII tender, Ambrois de Loré was named there governor. It went there at once. Ambrois de Loré, which had received with great joy by the inhabitants of Lagny, was put at once in having to defend them against the attacks of Burgundian and the English. The September 13rd, it sees in Lagny passing the royal troops which gave up the head office of Paris, to fold up itself on the Loire.

In November, it forms the project to seize Rouen. It tied relation with Rouennais Grandpierre , which was committed delivering to him one of the doors of the city. This knack could have as consequence the capture of Jean of Lancaster, and the signal of a rising in Maine and Normandy. The plan failed following slownesses of the royal council.

The fortress of Saint-Céneri

It is sent at the end of December by the duke of Alençon, which chose it as marshal, to defend the place of Saint-Céneri-the-Gérei against which the English garrisons are baited obstinately. Itself is invested there; but at night it crosses the enemy lines and court to Chinon to ask helps to the king, then returns to drive out the English who hardly awaits it. To 5 recoveries, the English will come to besiege it in Saint-Céneri. For the end, in 1435, one will not have less than 15.000 men to be right of his resistance.

The fight with the Breton ones

The duke Jean II of Alençon had entered in fight with the Duc of Brittany. Loré, which orders from Guerche, finds average to supply Pouancé besieged by the Bretons, but negotiates between the two dukes and reconciles them the February 19th 1432.

Of Sablé, where it does nothing but pass, it hastens to run to Saint-Céneri-the-Gérei to the help of Armange, its honest lieutenant, who supports a new seat. He camps with Vivoin (he captures Matthew Gough close to Vivoin in 1431) and another part of the troop of help on other bank of the the Sarthe. The English come to surprise them, have initially the top. Loré is wounded, égage, rejoins its world and gains an announced advantage and enters without blow to férir with Saint-Céneri, because besieging them décampé.

Ride and skirmish

It can look after in peace its wounds, and when it feels given into force and in health, it undertakes one of its more daring rides, through thirty miles of country of English occupation. A fair celebrates was held every year in the suburbs of Caen, the day of the Saint-Michel, September 30th. There Loré finds as pleasant as advantageous to go to make a raid of provisions and prisoners. It leaves with seven hundred men, crosses all the country without giving the awakening to the many garrisons, achieves its knack with an amazing happiness and brings back three thousand prisoners with immense spoils.

They are then skirmishes without end between Saint-Céneri, and Fresnay. Loré beats D' Arondel with Gratiel.

The English come on May 1st 1433 to plant by bravado May first under the walls of Saint-Céneri, but the manceaux ones defer it in front of Fresnay, and Loré benefits from the incident to bring the enemies in a ambush where Ralph Hodeston, marshal of Fresnay, is made prisoner and loses a great number of its men.

The capture

It is captured in 1433 and is exchanged against John Talbot. Saint-Céneri however succumbs this same year 1433, between the September 5th and the November 26th. The woman of Ambrois de Loré was, says one, in the place. It is not retained captive, because the November 26th it obtains a safe conduct to go, starting from the December 10th, for three months, with Jean de Cordon, its servant, four men, four women and two pages, with Saint-Ceneri, Ferté, Sablé, Castle-Gontier, Beaumont, Sillé… to fly, gibayer and to drive out . Similar freedom to him is granted the May 8th 1434 to go out obedience of the duke of Bedford.

Exploits

Ambrois de Loré is during this time in Normandy with the duke of Alençon. Of Laval, it attacks Vénable, cut off in the Abbaye from Savigny, finds it shortly after with two miles of Lassay, kills two hundred men to him and returns to Laval from where it had left. Pierre the Pig was of this business.

Its exploits, during the fight against the English, made it call the Of Guesclin Low-Maine .

Sit of Paris

In 1435, it is Mathieu Got and its troop, going to the seat Saint-Denis, which it demolishes of joint account with the lord de Bueil. Called itself by the king for the head office of Paris, it is still announced by its skill and its courage, contributes effectively to success and receives from the king Charles VII, with the title of advising and Chambellan, the load of provost of the capital, in recognition of its eminent services.

Named Provost of Paris, in 1436, after the release of the capital, it occupies these functions during ten years. It is present in 1439 at the catch of Meaux, in 1441 with that of Pontoise. In these functions, Ambrois de Loré represses seditions and does not save the partisans of the English. The provost boldly supplies by the the Seine the French who held besieged Pontoise, and contributes to his catch the September 17th 1441.

Loré dies in Paris in its functions of provost the May 24th 1446.

Sites to be visited

the Road Ambroise de Loré , which connects sites emblematic of Ambroise de Loré, on the departments of Mayenne, the Flowering ash and the Sarthe:

Adze-the-Boisne (the Sarthe);
Saint-Céneri-the-Gérei (Flowering ash);
Fresnay-sur-Sarthe (the Sarthe);
the Beaumont-on-Sarthe and the Priory of Vivoin (the Sarthe);
Holy-Suzanne (Mayenne);

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