Amédée V of Savoy

Amédée V of Savoy , known as Large the , born with the castle of Le Bourget, in 1249, died with Avignon, the October 16th 1323 is count de Savoie, of Aoste and Maurienne 1282 with 1323. It is wire junior by Thomas II, lord of Piedmont, and the génoise Béatrice Fieschi.

While the Empire a long time in prey with anarchy returns to a more regular government, that the house of Habsbourg is consolidated in Austria, that Switzerland becomes free, and that in France the Dynastie of Valois begins against England long the Guerre one hundred year old, the count of Savoy, contemporary of all these great events, is an intelligent, frightening man with his enemies by a great value, liked its subjects because of its character right and beneficial, wise in its control and happy in all its companies. It deserves to be called Large and the posterity did not think of discussing a so beautiful title to him.

Its family

His/her father dies when it is 10 years old. His/her mother the pupil, until the moment when his/her uncle, Philippe, the fact of coming to Lyon to study.

Amédée V of Savoy succeeds, in 1285, at the 36 years age, its uncle Philippe I {{er}}, being its more close relative, and this in spite of the existence of a son of its older brother. This last, Philippe, are still minor besides. Amédée is its tutor and the prerogative of the Piedmont confirms thereafter to him, under the suzerainty of the county of Savoy.

Biography

Amédée V of Savoy east first of all by its marriage lord of the Wallow (1272) and of part of the Bresse because of exchanges of grounds against two castles, with his/her cousin, the count Robert II of Burgundy (1289).

Wars of the principalities and the Italian republics (1292)

Its reign long and glorious, though is almost constantly disturbed by the war with its neighbors .

The marquis of Saluces and the marquis de Montferrat already felt against the counts of Savoy this hatred and this jealousy of instinct which will end up their becoming fatal, but which does not leave during several centuries make run of innumerable dangers to the Savoyard ones.

The free cities of the North-West of Italy which constantly beseeched the protection of one or other their powerful neighbors, but who always revolted with the only thought to give each other a Master definitively, were like the stake of all these parts armed between the Italian princes or for better saying Piedmontese and lombards.

Two new powers had been formed in last times, and competed with the accustomed guards of the republican cities, is by terror that they inspired to them is by the cupidity which they flattered. These two stars lately emerged were the Visconti, in Lombardy, and the Angevins, in the Royaume of Naples.

At the time of its passage, through septentrional Italy, while going to conquer the Kingdom of Naples, Charles Ier of Anjou and Béatrix of Provence, its wife, had received the homage of the principal cities of these regions, such as Turin, Alexandria (Italy), etc…

Later, i.e. at the time of the defeat of Conradin, by same the Charles Ier of Anjou, and of the cruel acts of revenge carried out by the winner, other cities such as Alba, Ivrée, Savillan, etc… are linked with the first and are placed under the domination of king de Naples.

In spite of the spite with which the marquis of Saluces way this usurper fortunate and cruel to extend his powerful hand, jusqu in the middle of his own fields, it puts himself under his orders and undertakes to avenge it for the family del Carretto, which had taken share with the attempt at Conradin, by forcing it to lend strong hand to him to punish Genoa, to have followed the same party.

In addition, Guillaume VII of Montferrat, leagued with the inhabitants of the town of Silk, with the Milaneses and Génois and encouraged by the King de Castille and by the new emperor Rodolphe Ier of the Holy roman Empire attacks the partisans of Charles Ier of Anjou, takes Turin, Alba and removes with the marquis of Saluces several of its grounds, which indicator the latter and fearing that of king Charles it had not suddenly missed the helps, it prefers to be combined with these same which had just stripped it provided that its skins are returned to him.

Guillaume VII of Montferrat at that time reaches a degree of power, from which its predecessors had been extremely distant. Turin is taken again almost at once by the Count de Savoie, but Tortone, Verceil, Ivrée, Novare, Alexandria (Italy) and Alba remain to him, in spite of the league that Génois, the Milaneses, the Jokers, Pavesans, and Bressans form against him. Pavia is not long in falling in its capacity.

Amédée V Large the enters in war

Amédée V Large the succeeds then his/her uncles Pierre and Philippe. The princes of its house had as a habit to remain foreign with the disputes between the cities and the lords of the vicinity, except when they were so to speak assured to draw some well defined advantage from their intervention or when they had to play there the part of referees between the opposite parts.

Beseeched this time by the inhabitants of Asti, Amédée V of Savoy joint its troops of extremely considerable number with their, and using a conspiracy warped by the family members del Pozzo of Alexandria, it manages to be made main of Guillaume de Montferrat, that Astésans irritated lock up in an iron cage. This marquis de Montferrat dies in prison in 1292.

Amédée V of Savoy does not benefit from this victory all which it could expect since the cities delivered by him are given immediately to Mathieu Ier Visconti, lord of Milan, new rival of the Savoyard power, but it benefits from it differently.

Weakened initially by its alliance with the House of Anjou, later by its abandonment of this alliance even, and, very recently finally, by the captivity of its new ally, the marquis Guillaume de Montferrat, Thomas de Saluces is out of state to oppose to Amédée V of Savoy a serious resistance, when this one claims of him the homage for the grounds of Bucca, Bernesco, Scarnafigio, and Barge, which concern the Savoy indeed.

In 1295, Amédée V of Savoy buys the Château of the dukes of Savoy, with Chambéry, which quickly becomes the principal residence comtale. As of the end of the 13th century, considerable work is undertaken.

The attitude of the marquis Thomas de Saluces

Plugged by its fatal jealousy, Thomas de Saluces refuses the required homage, but with the first hostile demonstration that makes Amédée V of Savoy, followed by the inhabitants of Silk and some others of its allies, it charms and sends one of the lords of its court, to make on its behalf its tender with Amédée V of Savoy.

In spite of his hatred against the house of Savoy, the young marquis de Saluces comes to such a degree from discouragement and despair which he proposes in Amédée V of Savoy of inféoder to him for all his fields and the portion of Montferrat that he coveted if he carries help to him.

Amédée V of Savoy accepts initially but expect that these promises will not be respected by the marquis, he states to want to preserve neutrality between the two adversaries. The marquis addresses at once to the Visconti, of Milan, the same proposals which this time are not pushed back.

But Amédée V of Savoy acts in the same way. Initially combined the king d' Angleterre, Edouard I {{er}}, it adopts in 1304 with the king de France, Philippe IV Beautiful the, and takes part in the fights against the Flemings. Amédée V of Savoy takes in particular a glorious share with famous the Bataille of Mons-in-Pévèle, in 1304. It negotiates peace between France and England. Amédée attends the marriage of his/her oldest daughter, Isabelle de France (1292-1358) with the prince de Galles, in 1308.

Amédée V of Savoy makes the war with Humbert Ier of the Viennese to defend the rights of Robert II of Burgundy on the Dauphiné.

A new war against Angevins (1306) and the defense of Rhodos.

The king Robert Ier of Naples, which comes the following year in Piedmont, is made pay homage not only by one great number of cities but by the marquis of Saluces itself. This voyage, the exactions and vexations of any kind that this king does not save anybody in the North of Italy, make that Amédée V of Savoy succeeds in reconciling the two marquis and to make its allies against Angevin of them.

Astésans form also part of the league and the first step of the allies is to call in Italy the emperor Henri VII of the Holy roman Empire. The new emperor goes without sorrow to their call, in 1310, and comes to increase the discord which tears already Italy at the same time as to weaken the house of Anjou by causing new enemies to him and by removing former friends to him.

Amédée V of Savoy draws from this forwarding only of vain honors more suitable to satisfy the vanity of a courtier than the ambition of a prince. The title of Count of the Holy roman Empire and the fact that it receives emperor Henri VII the seigniories of Asti and Ivrée, make it change opinion. It also joins together with its fields part of Geneva and bottom Faucigny.

Amédée V of Savoy tightens its alliance with the two marquis.

Philippe Ier of Piedmont, prince d' Achaïe, is always vassal the most faithful of his/her uncle and it accompanies it even during its forwarding in the island of Rhodos, to ensure this asylum the knights of Saint Jean, in 1315. The arrival of the fleet of Amédée V of Savoy saves the city besieged by the Othomans. It adopts the money cross in field of mouth of the religion of Rhodos instead of the eagles.

When Amédée V of Savoy dies in 1323, by counting this seat of Rhodos, one calculated that it made in the course of its career thirty two seats. Remainder it was constantly happy in its companies and the final result of its reign was to add to the States of Savoy, the seigniories of Asti and Ivrée, half of the Bresse, the bas-Faucigny and part of the town of Geneva. Moreover, its race was grown in importance by the effect of the high consideration which stuck to its person. The popes Clement V and Jean XXII held it in very great regard the king Philippe Beautiful the followed readily its opinions and the emperor Henri VII, his beautiful brother, who had created it count of the Empire recommended very urgently to his son, lorsqu it sent it in Italy, to listen to other councils only those of the count de Savoie .

Descent

Amédée V of Savoy wife, the July 5th 1272, with Lyon, Sibyl of Wallow (1255 - 1294) , only daughter of Guy II, last lord of the Wallow and the Bresse, and Béatrix de Montferrat. Sibylle of Wallow is thus the heiress of rich person meadows fields of Mâcon. They have seven children:

  • Good of Savoy (1275 - 1300), married:
    • in 1280 with Jean I {{er}} (1264 - 1282), dolphin of the Viennese
    • then in 1282 with Hugues of Burgundy († 1324), lord of Montbauson

  • Éléonore of Savoy (1280 - 1324), married three times:
    • in 1292 with Guillaume Ier de Châlon (1277 † 1304), count d' Auxerre,
    • in 1305 with Dreux IV of Mello († 1311),
    • in 1311 with Jean I {{er}} (1275 † 1334), count de Forez

Edouard of Savoy (1284 - 1329), known as the Liberal , born in 1284 in the Wallow, died with Paris the November 4th 1329, count de Savoie, of Aoste and Maurienne 1323 with 1329.

Aymon, known as the Pacific , born with Chambéry, the December 15th 1291 and died in Montmélian on June 22nd, 1343 1, is count de Savoie, of Aoste and Maurienne of 1329 with 1343.

  • Marguerite of Savoy (1295 - 1339), married in 1296 with Jean I {{er}} (1277 † 1305), marquis de Montferrat.

In second weddings, Amédée V of Savoy wife in April 1297 Marie of the Brabant (1280 - 1340), girl of Jean Ier of the Brabant (1253 - 1294), duke of the Brabant and Marguerite of Flanders.

Notes and references of the article

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