The alternative vote is a Voting system by classification. It is used in Australia since 1918 for the election of the room of the representatives, in Ireland, with Nauru, in the islands Fiji, in project in New Guinea-News Guinea (2007). With the the United States, a reflection on this voting system is in hand.
Implementation
Each voter classifies all (high-speed format) or a part (optional form) of the candidates by order preferably. One counts the voices of the candidates first of list. If a candidate obtains the absolute majority of the voices, he is elected. If not, one removes the candidate who collected less voice and one bars his name in all the bulletins of the voters, thus modifying the row of the candidates placed after the eliminated candidate. Again, one counts the voices of the candidates first of list… One repeats the operation until obtaining an absolute majority, which inevitably arrives (in the worst case when there remain nothing any more but two continuing candidates).
Example
Let us imagine that four cities are requested to determine, among them, that where their hospital will be built.
Let us imagine in addition that the city has gathers 42 % of the voters, the city B 26 %, the city C 15 % and the city D 17 %.
Each inhabitant wishes that the hospital be nearest possible to its city. The following classification is thus obtained:
No city collects the majority of the votes. The city C, which collects only 15 % of the votes, is eliminated. One bars it of all the bulletins. The city D passes then in first choice among the voters of the city C, it thus sees its score increasing by 15 points.
With the second passage, the city B is then that which collects less voice. It is thus eliminated. Its name is barred in all the bulletins. The city D thus passes at the head to the voters of the city B and passes then to 58 % of the votes.
It is thus in the city D that the hospital will be built.
By comparison, the methods Condorcet, Bordered and of Coombs would have given the city B like gaining, while a majority Scrutin with a turn would have led to the choice of city A.
Favors and disadvantage
The voter can express himself on the whole of the candidates. Used within the framework of the vote by district, it obliges the parties to be intended to propose to the voters a strategy of transfer. Thus this voting system often supports the moderate or center parties.But:
This voting system is heavier to implement. The examination cannot be done simply with the hand.
The voter is obliged to reflect on all the candidates, which can transform the act to vote in pensum. Often besides, he prefers to obey the instructions of classification of the party of his choice.
See too
External bond
Project ACE: Project Administration and cost of the elections
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