Alphonse II of Portugal

Alphonse II of Portugal (April 23rd 1185, Coimbra - March 25th 1223, Coimbra) is King of Portugal of 1212 with 1223.

Genealogy

He is the son of Sanche Ier and Douce of Aragon.

He is the father inter alia:

  • Sanche II
  • Alphonse III
  • Éléonore
  • Ferdinand

Biography

Alphonse II of Portugal , called the Fat, third king de Portugal (and second of the Algarves) was born with Coimbra, the April 23rd 1185 and died there the March 25th 1223. Alphonse II was the son of the king Sanche Ier and his wife, Douce of Aragon, infante of Aragon. Alphonse succeeded his father in 1212.

The reign of Alphonse II is characterized by a new style of administration opposed to the tendencies warmongers of its predecessors. Alphonse II did not dispute the borders with the León and the Castille, and did not seek to extend towards the South. He preferred to consolidate the economic and social structure country. He is the author of a first whole of Portuguese laws which treat mainly private property, civil law and manufacture of the currency. He sent embassies towards various European countries in order to sign commercial treaties.

The first years of its reign were remembered by violent one internal conflicts between Alphonse II and his brothers and sisters who were solved only by the confiscation of the goods and the exile in Castille of the greatest part of them. The king of León had taken party against the insurrectionists.

Other reforms of Alphonse II milked with the reports/ratios of the Portuguese crown with the Pope. To obtain the recognition of the independence of Portugal, Alphonse Ier Henriques, his grandfather, had been obliged to grant privileges to the Church. In the course of time, these privileges became a weight for Portugal which saw the Church developing like a state in the state . The existence of Portugal being well consolidated, Alphonse II tried to undermine the clerical capacity and to use part of the incomes of the Church to the profit of the nation. It was the beginning of a diplomatic conflict between Papacy and Portugal. After being excommunicated by the pope Honorius III, Alphonse promised to correct his errors towards the Church, but died in 1223 without to have made serious effort to modify his policy.

The city of Alcacer C Sal was conquered on the Moors during his reign by initiative of a group of noble.

During its reign in 1212, the victory with Tired Navas de Tolosa of king de Castille over the Almohades from Africa, made easier the Portuguese expansion to the South.

Descent

Of her union with the infante Urraque de Castille (1186-1220), girl of Alphonse VIII of Castille and Aliénor of England, Alphonse II had like children:

  • Sanche II (1207-1248)

  • Alphonse III (1210-1279)
  • Éléonore, infante of Portugal (1211-1231), married the king Valdemar III of Denmark
  • Ferdinand, infant of Portugal (1217-1246), lord of Serpa
  • Vincent (1219)

Internal bonds

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