Allal El Fassi

Allal El Fassi (of its complete name Mohamed Allal El Fassi; in Arab: rear RTL علالالفاسي) (born the January 10th 1910 with Fès with the Morocco, dead the May 19th 1974 with Bucharest, in Romania) is a Moroccan politician , it is the founder of the Moroccan independence party, Istiqlal. Allal El Fassi strongly influenced the political life and social of the Morocco during more than one half-century.

Biography

Allal El Fassi was born with Fès, with the Morocco. His/her father, Abd Al-Wahid was one of most important the oulémas of the city, it carried out the tasks of Cadi, Mufti and professor in the Islamic center of studies higher of Quaraouiyine.

Hardly entered at the university of the Quaraouiyine in 1927, it forms with some wire of the local middle-class, an association of young protestors. Nourished thought of Moslem mystics, it ambitionne to become leading nationalism.

It arises from the university with a license in 1932. Its first political action was to fight against the Berber Dahir set up in 1930 by the services of the Residence of Franc by supporting the movement of Abdelkrim El Khattabi. This project was to separate Arab and Berbères in two distinct ethnicities, by establishing a jurisdiction, a different legislation and educational plans for the two communities. The dahir will involve a great agitation with the Morocco and in all the Muslim world. Following its militant actions against the dahir and the mode of protectorate, Allal El Fassi is imprisoned.

After two years of teaching to the Quaraouiyine, it gives up its pulpit. Always suspect from the eyes of the Protectorate French, he escapes the authorities and takes refuge with Paris where he meets Chekib Arslan, celebrates in favor of the Panarabisme.

Member of the party of the Moroccan Action, his personality passes little by little in the foreground. He became for many Morrocans the “Cheykh Allal El Fassi” or “El Hajj Allal” but will be known later under the name of “If Allal”. At its coming out of prison, it gained much importance in the Moroccan nationalist movement, which involves the authorities to propose to him an important load in the town of Marrakech to substitute it for the nationalist movement. But it will decline the offer while refusing to serve the colonial authorities.

It then follows the national movement incipient animated by Mohamed Hassan El Ouazzani. Returned in Fès in 1934, it takes part within the Committee of Moroccan Action in the Plan of Reform which will be proposed with Paris without success. It will be chairing new national Party formed in 1937.

After important incidents with the Morocco between the nationalists and the authorities, Allal and its co-religionists are constrained with the Exil by the French State. The France sends it to the Gabon, or it will remain there during nine years.

It takes part from Gabon, with the creation of the Moroccan independence party, Istiqlal (independence). It will go back to Morocco for a short period in 1946, before being again exiled with the Cairo, place where it will forge most of its political ideology. According to the historian Charles-Andre Julien,

Its ideals agreed with those of the Algerian oulémas and its action aimed at integrating the Moroccan nationalist movement in the whole of the movement panarabe. It is in this spirit that it organized the fight against the brotherhoods whose prestige exerted on the fellahs remained the main obstacle with the diffusion of nationalism, the penetration of the Charia in Berber country and the formation of youth by the Koranic schools.

Of return to Morocco in 1946, it becomes one of the leaders of Istiqlal creates in 1943. But must quickly exile itself again for ten years. It ties contact with representatives of the countries arabo-Moslems of the Arab Ligue and settles with the Cairo in 1947, city where it militates at the sides of Abdelkrim El Khattabi, of Algerian, and Tunisian to form the Committee of release of the Maghreb. Deeply legalist, and faithful to the monarchical principles, his mystic brought it closer to the Muslim brothers. Fervent supporter, if not the initiator of the idea of Large Morocco going of Saint-Louis of the Senegal to Oujda and including Tindouf in Algeria, it disapproved the treaty of Independence of Morocco. He regained Morocco in August 1956 for the meeting of the national council of Istiqlal. After the scission of Istiqlal of 1958, this party loses its social sensitivity. Of 1961 with 1963, He is minister of state in charge of the Islamic Businesses, then is found in the opposition. Overflowed on its left and its right-hand side, it is more consequently representative only of one preserving intellectual elite exceeded by the events, but always made watch of allegiance to Hassan II as a president of Istiqlal.

It was very close to the king Mohammed V, whom it used as symbol of national unit. After independence, Allal will occupy various public offices. Member of the Arab academy of language of Damas and of the Cairo, it dies in Bucharest the May 19th 1974, where it was with the head of a delegation of Istiqlal in which it was to treat israélo-Palestinian Conflit.

Its descent

Abdelouahed el Fassi: wire, former minister for health.

Hani el Fassi: wire, member of the constitutional council.

Abbas El Fassi: first Moroccan minister

Mohamed El Ouafa: son-in-law, ambassador.

Nizar Luck: small son (and son-in-law of Abbas), deputy secretary near the Prime Minister, in charge of the economic affairs and general

and other personalities a little more distant (Fez-native Taieb Fihri, Foreign Minister

References

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