Alfred Kastler

Alfred Kastler is a Physicien Alsatian, born the May 3rd 1902 with Guebwiller and deceased the January 7th 1984 with Bandol.

Biography

It entered in 1921 to the National university, where it had as professors Henri Abraham and Eugene Bloch. In 1926, it is received first with aggregation of physics, it is professor in Mulhouse, then in Colmar and Bordeaux (1929). It becomes in 1931, assistant of Pierre Daure at the University of Bordeaux, it supports there in 1936 its thesis for the doctorate of sciences, on the fluorescence of the mercury vapor, it shows there that the exchange of angular momentum between atoms and light explains the polarization of the components Zeeman. It becomes the same year lecturer in Bordeaux. Two years later it is named professor with the pulpit of general physics to replace Pierre Daure, appointed vice-chancellor of the Academy of Caen. In 1941, on the request for Georges Bruhat, it joined the National university and its Physics laboratory as professor without pulpit. Auguste Rousset succeeds to him Bordeaux. In 1952, it is named full professor of physics to the Faculty of Science of Paris and to the ENS and founds the Laboratory of hertzian spectroscopy of the ENS which it Co-directs with Jean Brossel. It in particular directed work of Claude Cohen-Tannoudji for his thesis of science doctorate.

He was president of the Institute of optics theoretical and applied (SupOptique) as from 1962, succeeding Armand de Gramont. He is elected with the Academy of Science in 1964. He accepted the Nobel Prize of Physics in 1966 for the discovery and the development of optical methods making it possible to study the hertzian Résonance Atomes. In 1968, he becomes research director of CNRS. He takes his retirement in 1972.

But Alfred Kastler was not only one famous scientist. He was humanistic and savage antinuclear. Poet and faithful to his origins, he is the author of a collection of poetries in German entitled: “Europe my fatherland - Deutsche Lieder eines französischen Europäers”.

It chaired the French Comité of optics of 1958 to 1972, succeeding Gustave Yvon.

In 1984, the general high school of Guebwiller, its birthplace, becomes officially the College Alfred Kastler.

Distinctions

External bonds

  • Foundation Alfred Kastler
  • Biography on the site of the foundation Nobel

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