Alexis Korner

The inessif is, in Linguistique, a Cas indicating the place in which it is held lawsuit expressed by the verb. It corresponds to the French preposition in .

Agglutinant languages

In the agglutinant languages, this case is often expressed by a Affixe, for example:

  • suffix - its in Finnish: talo “house” → talossa “in the house”
  • suffix - S in Estonian: maja “house” → majas “in the house”
  • suffix - round of applause-Ben in Hungarian: has ház “the house” → has házban “in the house”
  • suffix - nor-of in Japanese: IE “house” → iede/ieni “in the house” (according to the verbal word of the proposal, one will use or nor .)

Inflected languages

In the inflected languages it is generally expressed a Préposition and, possibly, a inflection:

  • preposition in in Spanish: put it “the house” → in put
  • preposition in and inflection of the German Datif in : das Haus “the house” → in dem Haus (E) or im Haus (E)

In a certain number of Indo-European Languages, the use of a inflection makes it possible to oppose the inessif one and the Illatif, which often use the same preposition:

  • in Latin
    • illatif: in cubiculum eo “I go in the room” (inflection: Accusative)
    • inessif: in cubiculo sum “I am in the room” (inflection: Ablative)
  • in German
    • illatif: ich gehe in den Wagen “I go in the car” (inflection: Accusative)
    • inessif: ich bin in dem Wagen “I am in the car” (inflection: Dative)
In other languages of this family, whose French, this opposition is given only by the context, for example by a verb indicating displacement (to go) or the immobility (to be).

See also

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