Aldol

Total name given to aldols and the cétols. It is of Aldéhyde S or Cétone S having a function alcohol on carbon in $\backslash \; beta$ of the function carbonyl. They are obtained by Aldolisation (or cetolisation) aldehydes and ketones.

Generic name: $\backslash \; beta$-hydroxyaldéhyde and $\backslash \; beta$-hydroxycétone

Among céto-alcohols, the $\backslash \; beta$-cétols resulting from the dimerisation of Cétone S énolisables are most important, in particular the diacetone alcohol resulting from the Acétone: (CH₃) ₂COH-CH₂-CO-CH₃, intermediary of the synthesis of two industrial solvents: the méthylisobutylcétone and the méthylisobutylcarbinol. Aldols and the cétols take part then in many chemical reactions such as the crotonisation, which is a dehydration: The product of this reaction reacts with the organomagnésiens, the organocuprates and the organolithiens

History

Charles Adolphe Wurtz gave the aldol name (aldehyde-alcohol) to the compound resulting from the dimerisation of the Acétaldéhyde: CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-CHO It is an important intermediary of the industrial synthesis of functional linear molecules in C₄: N-butanol, butyric acid, formerly Butadiene.

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