Aldo Moro (born the September 23rd 1916 with Maglie in the province of Lecce, Pouilles - died the May 9th 1978 with Rome or in the surroundings, assassinated by the Red Brigades) was a lawyer (professor of criminal Law) and a Politician Italy N of foreground.

Biography

Aldo Moro exerted the president's function of the Council of Ministers of the Italian République with five recoveries. - December 4th 1963 with the June 26th 1964, - July 22nd 1964 with the January 21st 1966, following one another itself, - February 23rd 1966 with the June 5th 1968, following one another itself, and being then replaced by Giovanni Leone (2nd government), - November 23rd 1974 with the January 7th 1976, succeeding Mariano Rumor (5th government), - February 12th 1976 with the April 30th 1976, following one another itself, and being then replaced by Giulio Andreotti (3rd government).

One of the historical principal leaders and for a long time chief of the wing progressist of Democrazia cristiana (cd., in French, the Christian Democrat), very on the left respected extremely tolerant man and, Aldo Moro was regarded as a man of a great patience and a mediator of talent, particularly in the life of its party. It was removed and assassinated by terrorists of the Red Brigades.

Aldo Moro remains known like the principal craftsman of Compromesso storico (in French, the historical Compromis) between his party, the Christian Democrat (cd.), and the Italian Communist party (NCV), directed by Enrico Berlinguer.

Political beginnings

Its political career was born with the twilight from the Fascisme in university groups GUF (Fascistic University Youths).

Professor of criminal Law to faculty of jurisprudence of the University of Bari starting from 1940, in 1941 it joined and becomes president of the FUCI (University Federation of the Italian Catholique S).

After the Second world war, Moro was elected with the Constituent Assembly in 1946. It took part in the drafting of the new Constitution and was then re-elected like deputy with the House of Commons in 1948 to be used for it until its death. He was under-secretary of state to the Foreign affairs (1948 - 1950), Minister of Justice, Minister for Justice (1955 - 1957), for State education (1957 - 1958) and for the Foreign affairs (1979 - 1972 and 1973 - 1974). He was secretary of the Christian Democrat of 1960 with 1963 and chair of this party of 1976 until death.

Famous lawyer, he was law professor and penal procedure with the faculty of Political sciences of the Université of Rome “Sapienza” of 1960 until death.

The “historical Compromise”

During the Years 1970, Moro paid its attention on the project of Enrico Berlinguer of Compromis historical. The leader of the NCV (Italian Communist party) proposed an alliance between the Communists and the Christian-Democrats at one time of economic, political and social serious attack in Italy. Moro, which chaired the Christian Democrat then, was one of those which contributed to form a government of “national solidarity”.

Moro was chief of five governments of center-left, of December 1963 in June 1968, then again of November 1974 at April 1976. But never it could not direct a coalition resulting from the historical Compromise.

Removal and assassination

March 16th 1978, it was removed into full Rome, via Fani, by the red Brigades, terrorist group of extreme left, taken along by Mario Moretti. The attackers assassinated the five bodyguards of Moro in order to remove it. After a 55 days detention, Moro was assassinated with Rome or in the surroundings. Its lifeless body was finally found the very same day in the trunk of a car. Moro was on the way for a session of the Room of the representatives when it was removed. At this session the deputies were to discuss the vote of confidence to the new government of Giulio Andreotti which for the first time received the downstream of the Communist party. It was to be the first application of the strategic vision which shared Moro with Berlinguer (chief of the NCV) of historical Compromis. The red Brigades proposed to save the life of Moro in exchange of the release of several imprisoned companions. During detention, it was suggested that certain in the secret services or the apparatus of State knew where was located the place of detention (a Roman apartment), and that even Romano Prodi (the former president of the European commission) was implied in a strange story of indication of the street where Moro was held. Indeed, Prodi took part in a seance during which the spirits indicated Gradoli like place of detention. A police raid in the village of Gradoli (close to Viterbe) did not give anything, but it was learned later that Aldo Moro had been held in captivity Via Gradoli (street Gradoli) in Rome.

For this period, Moro wrote letters with the principal leaders of cd. as to the Pape Paul VI (which later personally celebrated the mass of funeral of Moro). In its letters, Moro preached like top priority for the State to save lives, and affirmed that the government was évertuer to be satisfied at the requests of its geôliers. The majority of the leaders of the party of the Christian Democrat supported that the letters did not reflect the sincere aspirations of Moro, and refused any attempt at negotiation, thus rejettant the requests of the Moro family. In his call to the terrorists, the Pope Paul VI asked for the release “without conditions” of Moro.

According to the indications of its of torture, its lifeless body was found in the trunk of a car via Caetani, halfway of the head offices of cd. and the NCV. Undoubtedly a last act symbolic system for submission to the police force and institutions which kept all the nation, and its capital in particular, under a strict and severe monitoring.

The mystery surrounding its disappearance

The capture of Moro, the cause and the methods of its assassination still are not clearly identified, in spite of several lawsuits and many investigations, as well as national and international attention constant. Much of what surrounds death of Moro remains mysterious. Some considered that the letters of Moro comprised messages coded for submission to its family and of her colleagues. Others doubted the validity of these letters, and considered a possible censure. The chief of the police officers (the police force of the Italian army, the equivalent of the French gendarmerie) Carlo Alberto Dalla Chiesa (which will be assassinated later by the Maffia) found copies of the letters of Moro in a Milanese house having belonged to terrorists. But they were only years after this discovery which it was made public

Some suggested that Moro had been assassinated by the Big room Italian freemason, or that the Brigades had been infiltrated in-depth by the American secret services. This theory is based on the fact that the hard labor that Moro had provided to integrate Communists into the government did not meet the interests of the accused parts. Many thinks that the red Brigades was directed by a hidden capacity (and that their actions were to prove that they did not serve the alleged communist cause), but no proof of this assumption forever been able to be produced. One can find this assumption in the film Five Moon Square like in work of the American journalist of investigation Webster G. Tarpley.

See too

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