See also: Albert

Albert Schweitzer' (January 14th 1875 - September 4th 1965) was a Théologie N protesting, Musicien, Philosophe and Alsatian Médecin, prize winner of the price Goethe in 1928 and of the Nobel Prize of peace in 1952.

Biography

It is born with Kaysersberg (Haut-Rhin) in 1875, shortly after the annexation of the Alsace by the German Empire. It passes its childhood to Gunsbach where his/her father is named Pasteur when the small Albert has 6 months. It is initiated very early with the music and plays of the parochial Orgue as of the nine years age.

It spends its years of secondary studies to Mulhouse of 1885 to 1893 and obtains its baccalaureat in 1893. In October of the same year, it begins its studies from theology and philosophy at the University of Strasbourg and studies the organ with Paris, at Charles-Marie Widor.

The day of Pentecost 1896, it makes the decision that to the thirty years age, it would be devoted to a purely humane service.

From return of Paris and Berlin where he studied theology and philosophy for three months, he passes his doctorates of philosophy (1899) and theology (1900) to Strasbourg. He becomes then Pasteur of the Église Saint Nicolas's Day of Strasbourg, where he blesses the April 11th 1908, the marriage of Theodor Heuss, future first president of the the Federal Republic of Germany.

In 1901, publication of its thesis of theology on the Holyone. In 1902, it is part-time lecturer to the Faculty of theology of the University of Strasbourg. From 1903 to 1906, he is director of Collegium Wilhelmitanum at the University of Strasbourg. In autumn 1904 it reads the article in the " Newspaper of the Missions Evangéliques de Paris" and decides to become doctor and to go in Lambaréné.

It gives series in concerts of organ in order to help with the financing of its hospital. It is a specialist in Jean-Sebastien Bach to which it devoted a monograph (1905).

In 1905, it begins its studies from medicine in Strasbourg. In 1912, it takes courses of tropical medicine in Paris. Promoted Doctor of medicine in 1913, it leaves for Lambaréné (Africa Equatoriale French) in March, in company of Helene Schweitzer, nurse, whom it married in 1912.

German citizens, they will be stopped in 1917 by the French Army and will be imprisoned as civil prisoners until in 1918 in the High Pyrenees (Notre Dame of Garaison) and thereafter with Saint Rémy of Provence.

During its imprisonment, he writes Kulturphilosophie (1923), a philosophical study of the Civilization. It approaches the ethical thought there through the Histoire and invites its contemporaries to implement a philosophy of respect of the life.

Schweitzer remains in Europe until in 1924, then turns over to Africa, where it rebuilds and arranges its hospital of Lambaréné to receive thousands of African patients there. In 1954, it inaugurates the " Lumière" village; where it can accommodate 200 Lépreux and their families.

To give the conferences and the recitals of organ which bring back the required funds to him, it frequently turns over in Europe.
He is a personal friend of the Queen Elizabeth of Belgium, of Albert Einstein.
In 1953, it receives the Nobel Prize of peace 1952, and at this point in time a great number of Alsatian are recognized in him.

Albert Schweitzer dies in Lambaréné in 1965.

Notoriety

Its work includes/understands about thirty works (always available), among which a study Théologique Reich Gottes und Christentum ( the kingdom of God and Christianity ) and its autobiography. Its Philosophie is articulated around a great principle: the respect of the life . This principle brings it closer to the large thinkers of the India, and in particular of the thinkers of the Bouddhisme, on which he will write a test.

With the cinema, it was incarnated by Pierre Fresnay, in It is midnight, Doctor Schweitzer (1952), with Jeanne Moreau in the role of its nurse, Marie.

His/her cousin Anne-Marie Schweitzer Sartre was the mother of Jean-Paul Sartre.

It inspired Larry Mellon, heir to the family Mellon, which founded in 1956 the Hopital Albert Schweitzer Haiti with Deschapelles in Haiti.

Quotations

Works

  • "Eugene Münch 1857-1898" , ED. printing works J. Brinkmann, Mulhouse, 1898

  • " Die Religionsphilosophie Kants" 1. , ED. A.C. Wagners Freibourg I. B., 1899
  • " Das Abendmahl im Zusammenhang put dem Leben Jesu und der Geschichte der Urchristentums" , ED. J.C. Mohr, Tübingen, 1901
  • " Jean-Sebastien Bach the musician-poète" , ED. Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig, 1905
  • " International rules for the construction of the orgues" , Strasbourg, 1909
  • " Die psychiatrische Beurteilung Jesu Darstellung und Kritik", ED. J.C. Mohr, Tübingen, 1913
  • " With orée of the forest vierge" , ED. Evangelic bookstore, Strasbourg, 1923
  • " News of Lambaréné - spring with the autumn 1924" , ED. Evangelic bookstore, Strasbourg, 1925
  • " Memories of my enfance" , ED. harmony, Lausanne, 1926
  • " Large thinkers of Inde" , ED. Payot, Paris, 1936
  • " Stories of the forest vierge" , ED. Payot, Paris, 1941
  • " Goethe the man and the œuvre" , Season of Alsace n° 1 - 1950, Strasbourg, 1950
  • " The pelican of Dr. Schweitzer" ED. Sun, Paris, 1952
  • " Peace or war atomique" , ED. Albin Michel, Paris, 1958
  • " Memories of my enfance" , ED. Albin Michel, Paris, 1960
  • " My life and my pensée" , ED. Albin Michel, Paris, 1960
  • " The historical secrecy of the life of Jésus" (translation of German by Annie Anex-Heimbrod), ED. Albin Michel, Paris, 1961
  • " The mystic of the Paul" apostle; (translation of German by Marcelle Guéritot), ED. Albin Michel, Paris, 1962
  • " History of my Pélican" , ED. Albin Michel, Paris, 1963
  • " Civilization and the éthique" (translation of German by Madeleine Horst), ED. Alsatia, 1976
  • " Peace by the respect of the vie" (translation of German by Madeleine Horst), ED. Blue Cloud, 1979
  • " Conversations on new the testament" ', ED. Brepols, Paris, 1996

External bonds

  • Official site of the International association of the work of Doctor Albert Schweitzer de Lambaréné (AISL)
  • The Albert Schweitzer Page
  • Hospital Albert Schweitzer Haiti

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