Al-Hakim Bi-Amr Allah

Al-Hakim was born in 985. It succeeded his father Nizar Al `Azîz Bi-llah like Caliph and Imâm Fatimide in 996. He died in 1021.

History

Al-Hakîm is the small son of Al-Muizz Li-DIN Allah. Wire of a Christian mother, it was only eleven years old with its accession with the capacity and it was not disputed, which shows the stability of the dynasty fatimide at this time there.

It increases the empire fatimide by conquering the Syria until Alep.

In 1005, Al-Hakîm the “House of the Knowledge founded” provided with an important public library where astronomy, philosophy were taught in addition to the purely religious disciplines like the knowledge of the Hadith S and the Coran. It is there that the future missionaries (dâ `I) received the teaching of the doctrines ismaéliennes (da `wa) that they were then charged to spread in everyone Moslem.

In 1009, Al-Hakim made destroy the church of the the Holy Sepulchre to Jerusalem. He persecuted the Christians and the others Dhimmi S of Palestine. Although the situation of the Christians in Palestine had improved much under its successors, and that the Byzantine emperor Constantin IX had rebuilt it in 1048, this destruction of the Holy Sepulchre was the pretext of the First crusade in 1096, with at the same date the conquest Seldjoukide of Jerusalem, its setting with bag and prohibition with the Christian pilgrims to penetrate in the Holy City.

In 1013, Al-Hakîm the mosque started with his/her father with the Cairo supplemented which became the “mosque of Hakim” or “mosque of Friday”.

During its long reign, Al-Hakim had to be opposed to the Qarmates reigning with Bahrain. Its more savage opponent was the caliph Abbasside of Baghdad Al-Qâdir Bi-Amr Allah which wanted to stop the propagation of the ismaelism. He convened the Shiites Duodécimains, demanding whom they write a document proclaiming that Al-Hakim is not downward of `Alî: it is the “Proclamation of Baghdad” (1013).

In addition to this Abbasid threat, the empire fatimide was threatened by the Berber ones in the west and Turks in north, like by its own viziers inside (during the twenty last years of the reign of Al-Hakim, fifteen viziers followed one another).

Al-Hakîm disappeared in 1021. It did not return from a night walk around Cairo in the Al-Muqattam hills. Its body was not found, although it is certainly deceased, some of its close relations, gathered around one of its viziers AD-Darazi, made a divine incarnation of it, proclaiming it occulted, thus melting the sect of the Druze S (1021). This tendency to diviniser the imâm existed since the Shiite first imâms. The imâm Duodécimain Ja' far have-Sâdiq had made burn the Shiites who had wanted the diviniser (towards 750). Some affirm that far from fighting this tendency to the diviniser, Al-Hakim would have encouraged it.

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