Al-Amin

Abû `Abd Allah “Al-Amîn” Muhammad Ben Hârûn rear-Rachid called Al-Amîn , was a Caliph Abbasside, wire of Harûn rear-Rachid, he reigned of 809 with 813. He was détrôné by his brother Al-Mamûn on September 1st 813.

History

It is during a pilgrimage with Mecque that the caliph Hârûn rear-Rachid decided his succession by his two sons. Al-Amîn wire of Zubayda bint Ja `far little girl of the caliph Al-Mansûr was to succeed to him in first and was governor of all the areas of the west of the empire. Al-Ma' mûn born from a Persian slave, was governor of the Khorasan and of the regions more in the east, with a great autonomy of decision and possibly it would succeed Al-Amîn as caliph.

Al-Amîn had the reputation to be dissipated, obliging in the company of poets and courtiers: “The court included/understood seven thousand eunuques blacks and four thousand white”. On the other hand on its side Al-Mamûn could be made appreciate its subjects.

The reign

Shortly after the death of Hârûn rear-Rachid (809) the competition between the two brother, poked by plots of course, turned to the war.

The armies of Al-Mamûn (led by Tâhir) and of Al-Amîn met with Ray. The battle started with a singular combat between the two generals, but the army of Khorasan made a load which put in rout the army of Baghdad. Al-Ma' mûn was then acclaimed as caliph in Khorasan and the Tabaristan. `Has Baghdad the army overcome revolted asking for four months of balance, which was granted to them. An army of reinforcement of 20 000 men left Baghdad towards Ray, it was neutralized by the army of Khorasan. New reinforcements were able too late to avoid the total defeat. Another Syrienne army was to come in reinforcement, but an incident made that the armies of Baghdad and Syria clashed and the Syrien reinforcements were turned over from there to Damas. The armies rebelled because of these defeats charged to Al-Amîn. This one made carry out the chief of the rebels and the army was reconstituted. The Al-Amîn armies took again the top taking again Iraq. Al-Amîn proclaimed the Al-Mamûn forfeiture and tore the pact, signed by Hârûn rear-Rachid, suspended with the door of the Kaaba. A new series of defeats (with Bassora and the doors of Baghdad) of the armies of Baghdad, new mutinies in the troop, and a revolt of the population of Baghdad obliged Al-amîn to be folded up in the palates. September 1st 813, the palate was taken by storm by the Al-Mamûn troop. Al-Amîn was decapitated, its head, the sceptre and the coat of the prophet as well as the ring of the caliphate were sent to Al-Mamûn. On a purely posthumous basis Al-Amîn was called Al-Makhlû `(rear RTL المخلوع, deposed the ). Two of the Al-Mamûn wire and their mother which were held by Al-Amîn left to join their father. The Al-Amîn wire were made captive and sent to Al-Ma' mûn.

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