Akram Hourani

Akram Hourani (rear RTL أكرمالحوراني) (born with Hama in 1912, died in Jordan in 1996) is a politician Syria N, which played a big role in the creation of the Parti Baath Arab Socialist. It was an important politician, beginning of the year 1940 until its departure in exile in 1963. He was the minister of several Syrian governments, and was vice-president of the United Arab Republic.

Biography

He was born with Hama in a family sunnite from landowner, he followed his studies in Hama then to Damas before making studies of medicine in a university Jesuit in 1932. He leaves this establishment after his implication in the attempted murder of the former Syrian president, Subhi Barakat.

In 1936, it is registered at the school of right of Damas, where he becomes member of the Parti social nationalist Syrian. In 1938, it leaves the party to return in Hama and he becomes president of Hizb ach-Chabab founded by one of his cousins. With the head of its party, it évertue to defend social justice and the poor. It was also a Nationaliste Arabic which did not hesitate to support the military coup d'etat carried out by Rachid Ali to Baghdad in 1941. In 1948, it ordered armed groups which fought against the Zionists in Palestine.

In January 1950, Hourani re-elects its party and the name of Parti Arab Socialist gives him. The party was composed of more than 10.000 militants, and joined together more than 40.000 sympathizers to its first congress which was held with Alep.

Of 1949 with 1954, the Syrian political life was enamelled by four military coups d'etat, and he played a direct part in these four coups d'etat. He was near politically to the third and the fourth author of the coups d'etat, in particular of Adib Chichakli which reigned on the country of 1949 with 1954.

The decision of Chichakli to redistribute the grounds with the peasants was made under the influence of Hourani. However, the influence of the president weakened when it adopted an autocratic attitude of government, it in addition prohibited the Arab Party socialist in April 1952. The militants of the PSA and Baath are pursued by the capacity in place. In November of the same year, Hawrani decides to amalgamate its party with the Parti Baath Michel Aflaq and Salah Aldine Al-Bitar. The party takes the name of " Arab Baath Party and Socialist " ( Hizb Al ba' ath Al arabi Al ishtiraki ) and it gains an important audience thus.

The socialist Arab Baath party

Hourani is member of the national Command of the Baath party as of its creation in 1954 until in 1959. With other Syrian baathists and other political activists, he played a direct part in the resignation of president Chichakli in 1954. Within Baath, it widened the base of the party, it attracts towards the party the small craftsmen and the peasants who voted for the PSA. In addition the number of militants doubles, passing to 3000. Michel Aflaq, who was reticent with the recruitment of soldier and who was wary of the free officers Egyptian, lets Hourani recruit militants within the Syrian army.

In 1954, Baath gains seventeen seats at the time of the legislative elections. Hourani is elected appointed of Hama, Salah Bitar appointed of Damas and Wahib Ghanem appointed of Lattaquié. The party account in addition has its sides five independent elected members who are very close for him. Later, it chairs the Syrian Parliament of 1957 February 1958, which enabled him to make cancel the municipal elections of November 1957 which would undoubtedly not have made it possible the Baath party to be essential like first political party of the country. It is generally explained that it is after this handling that the Baath party moves away from the democratic principles which animated it before.

United Arab Republic

After the signature of the treaty of union between the Syria and the Egypt in 1958, Hourani becomes the vice-president of the country, a station which it held until 1959. After Nasser held of the polemical remarks on the Baath party and that it made stopped several hundreds of members of the party, Hourani decides to resign of its post of vice-president and is exiled with the Lebanon. It then had small fixings with Michel Aflaq and Bitar on the fate to be held for the United Arab Republic. Hourani decided for the secession whereas the two historic leaders of the Baath party to decide against.

The February 28th 1961, a military coup d'etat bursts in Syria, the general Kouzbari seizes the power. The coup d'etat leads to the secession. The support brought by Hourani for the secessionist is worth to him the exclusion of the party Baath in June 1962. Hourani decides to recreate its party, but the party profits more of the popular support only it had before.

It again had to be exiled in 1963, in Iraq, with the Lebanon, in France and Jordan where it dies in 1996. Its memories were published with the Cairo in 2000.

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