Agricultural System of production

According to FAO, a agricultural system of production is the representation which approaches the reality which we have on the manner of thinking and to decide farmers.

The systems of production must face a major stake: concept of durability of the operating systems . To consider the Agriculture as a system implies to integrate dimensions biological, physical, as well as the socio-economic aspects on the level of the Farm.
It is necessary:

  • to level on the market of the products at a price and of quality acceptable for the consumer,
  • to answer at the requests of the processing industries,
  • to ensure a correct income the farmers,
  • to ensure the perenniality of the exploitation (land, begun again exploitation…),
  • to preserve the environmental quality,
  • to implement systems of production acceptable for the public (breeding),
  • to ensure the durability of the operating system for the Wellbeing of the future generations.

One distinguishes from many types of system, for example and alphabetically:

Traditional agriculture

Traditional agriculture is a system of production based on the Polyculture and the breeding. It only makes it possible to provide partially for the food needs for the population. The organic Engrais (manure) remain majority, but other sources are also exploited (Guano, ashes…). Until the beginning of the XXe century, industry was unable to provide mineral manures.

The agriculture of the middle of the XXe century: installation of modern technologies

In first half of the XXe century, one attends the installation of many research institutes and technical institutes which make progress the agricultural techniques. They place at the disposal of the farmer techniques resulting from the progress of knowledge.

In the majority of the developed Countries, this progress is accompanied by an economic and financial structuring, and leads to an increasingly thorough specialization and a regionalization.

Among the notable evolutions, the mechanization of the agricultural work, the introduction of the vegetable and animal selection, the increasing use of mineral manures allow the evolution of the results in term of output, Productivité and quality of the agricultural produce. However, progress is slow. For example, the output of the Corn to tend in France passes from approximately 10 quintals by hectare in 1850 to 20 quintals in 1950 (for comparison, at the beginning of XXIe century, the average output in France east of about 80 q/ha). The evolution is also accompanied by the increasing use of plant health Produits and mechanical progress .

Generally, this phase of modernization of agriculture was accompanied by a deep change of the socio-economic relations of the agricultural world with the remainder of the company, and in particular by a spectacular fall of the agricultural active population which accounts for nothing any more but 2 to 3% of the Active population in the most developed countries.

Intensive agriculture

The Intensive agriculture is characterized by the important use of Intrant S, and seeks to maximize the production, often at the expense of the considerations Environnement ales.

Organic farming

The Organic farming is an agricultural mode of production which is different from the other modes of production by privileging the renewable Ressources and the Recyclage, by restoring with the ground the nutritive elements present in the Déchet S or Co-produit S. In the ideal, the organic farming must respect the regulating mechanisms of nature for the nutrition and the protection of the agricultural produce, and generally avoid the recourse to the Engrais of synthesis, with the Herbicide S, Fongicide S, Pesticide S, growth regulator, Hormone S, Antibiotique S, GMO. It must work in the direction of a durable Agriculture and reduce the Pollution. Its cost is however rather high.

Reasoned agriculture

The reasoned Agriculture is an agricultural mode of production which seeks to control the positive and negative effects of the agricultural activity on the Environnement while ensuring the quality of the products, as well as the maintenance even the improvement of the profitability of the exploitations. It rests on the adoption of practices considered as respectful of the environment by the scientific experiment, in order to ensure a Sustainable development.

Ecological agriculture

The ecological Agriculture is defined like an agriculture having like primary concern to manage its effects on the environment, in order to that the environmental stakes are really taken into account by adapted husbandries. It is considered primarily with the local scales.

External bond

http://www.fao.org/ag/fr/magazine/0106sp.htm

Random links:Manpower of the battle of Camerone | Erich Leinsdorf | Volvo 343 | Park Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer - Bel Air - Fourqueux | Petropolje