Aghlabides

The Aghlabides (rear RTL الأغالبة) or Banû El Aghlab (rear RTL بنوالأغلب) are a Dynastie of emir S members of the Arab tribe of the Banu Tamim originating in the Khorassan. First Arab dynasty having reigned on the Ifriqiya in the name of the Abbasid Caliph , of 800 with 909, it counts eleven sovereigns before being évincée with the installation of the Fatimides.

History

Arab troops Iran iennes take part in the Moslem Conquête of the Maghreb. In 800, the Abbasid caliph Haroun rear-Rachid names Ibrahim ibn Al-Aghlab, wire of an officer khorassanien, as hereditary emir of Ifriqiya in answer to the Anarchie which reigns in the province - where the foster brother of the sudden caliph of many revolts due to its bad management - following the fall of the Muhallabides. He controls an area then extending on the east from the Algérie, the Tunisia and the Tripolitaine. In spite of a formal independence, its successors will continue to lend Allégeance to the Abbasid caliph. A Capital news , El Abbasiyya, is founded outside Kairouan to escape the opposition partly from the Juriste S and the Théologie NS malékites which condemn the lifestyle of Aghlabides and disapprove the discriminatory treatment inflicted with the Berbères. In addition, Aghlabides have to fight in extreme cases of their kingdom against Berber populations like protecting and reinforcing the establishment of the Arab immigrants coming from the the Middle East by regular waves. Frontier defenses (Ribat) are thus built with Sousse and Monastir. They defend their territories thus successfully, managing even to be established in the Mediterranean by the conquest of Malta and the Sicily and by raids against Italian ports .

Under the reign of Ziadet Allah I {{er}} (817 - 838) occurs a revolt of Arab troops (824) which is not controlled before 836 with the assistance of the Berber ones. The conquest of Byzantine Sicily , carried out as of 827 under the direction of Assad ibn Al-Furat, is an attempt to maintain these troops rebellious under control. Agrigente, Palermo then Syracuse (878) is taken and destroyed. It is only in 902 that the last Byzantine position falls to the hands from Aghlabides. Consequently, of the Raid S are carried out in Italy until the 10th century. However, Aghlabides gradually lose the control of the forces based in Sicily and a new dynasty, the Kalbides, ends up making secession.

The royuame aghlabide reaches its apogee under the reign of Aboul Ibrahim (856 - 863). Ifriqiya became an economic power of importance thanks to its fertile Agriculture helped by the extension of the Roman system of Irrigation . It in addition becomes the central point of the exchanges between the Islamic world, Byzance and Italy, in particular in the lucrative trade of the escalves. Kairouan becomes an important center of teaching of the the Maghreb, in particular in the fields of the Théologie and the Droit, and a meeting place for the Poète S.

The decline of the dynasty begins under the reign from Ibrahim II (875 - 902). This last loses the control of the Calabria to the profit of Byzance, pushes back an attack of the Toulounides of Egypt and represses a Berber revolt at the price of many lives. At the end of the 10th century, ismaéliens come from Syria destabilize the mode and are combined with the Berber tribe of Kutama. In 893 is launched the movement of Fatimides Shiite through the mission that Ubayd Allah Al-Mahdi is given which, in 909, leads to the fall of Aghlabides.

Dynasty

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