Aeronautica militare

The Aeronautica Militare Italiana is the Italian name of the Air force Italy.

History

Aeronautica militare is the heiress of the Regia Aeronautica Italiana (the Italian royal air force) (the name change intervenes at the time of the regime change in 1946).

Origins

The origins of the Italian air force go up in the countryside in Ethiopia in 1887 - 1888 in which three were employed Aérostat S of observation of the specialized company of the Génie which as of 1885 had created in its center an aeronautical section. This section was transformed into 1894 in specialized brigade of the Genius and 1910, in specialized battalion of the Genius. It was this last unit, reinforced by the flotilla of the voluntary civil aviators, to take part in the first operational use of the air force, while taking part with 4 airships, 2 airships and 28 planes in the countryside of Libya of 1911 - 1912.

The First World War

The results obtained and the arguments of the theorist of aviation Giulio Douhet led the Minister for the War to develop the air force: at the beginning of 1915, the flying units were detached from the weapon of the Genius and constituted, always within the Army Italian, the air force corps. A program of production was launched but the financings were insufficient (4 145.000 to read S in 1914-1915) and Italy entered in war in 1915 with 86 planes. As from 1916, it was however reinforced, while specializing in the bombardments of bases moved away, like those carried out in 1917 by three-engined Caproni on Pula and Kotor (then in Austria-Hungary and in the flights with long operating range as that of the 7 planes SVA which in 1918 flew over Vienna, guided by Gabriele D' Annunzio. Even hunting formed its first ace like F. Baracca (34 victories), S. Scaroni (26 victories) and P.R. Piccio (24). During the war, in Italy 11.986 planes and approximately 30.000 engines of planes were manufactured. At the end of the war, during which 1.784 aviators died, Italy had 1.683 planes who remained, for the majority, without employment, on the aerodromes.

After the First World War

The first measurement in favor of the air force, in particular to reward the body for its results during the war, was the governmental decree of March 28th, 1923 which raises with the row of armed force , the aeronautical body (baptized: armed will azzurra , armed with the sky). In 1927, it became armed with whole share and took the name of Regia aeronautica , with a clean ministry in charge. In this ministry, the general Italo Balbo was named Secretary of State, which supported its development in a remarkable way. Intercontinental cruisings were organized (De Pinedo in 1925; Ferrarin in 1920 and 1928). The air force became one of the elements of prestige of the fascistic mode by conquering 96 international records well, therefore those, all categories, of distance, speed and altitude.

The Second world war

The Italian air force takes an active part in the Guerre of Spain and because of weak opposition withdraws erroneous conclusions from them. Perfect example, the biplane hunter FIAT CR 42 completely exceeded at the beginning of the conflict. Generally, the Italian planes are old designs and suffer from serious defects: miss engine output, armament made up of simple machine-guns; only the quality and the courage of the pilots and crews make it possible the air force sometimes to be distinguished.

The weakness of the production equipment does not make it possible to align the quantity necessary of competitive planes, in particular of the hunters, like FIAT G55 and the Macchi MC 205 which towards the end of 1942 are in too small number to change the course of the things.

After the 2nd world war

to supplement

The 21e century

to supplement

Aircraft in service at the beginning of XXIe century

Missions

The main mission of the Aeronautica Militare is defense. This one is divided into 4 parts:
  • To ensure the integrity of the national territory by preventing intrusions,
  • To keep to its commitments with respect to NATO,
  • To ensure the defense of the external interests by maintaining the order international,
  • To ensure the republican safeguard of the institutions by placing its means at the disposal of the authorities.

The Italian air force takes part each year in national and international exercises of which Bright Star and Red Flag . It is also present on various external theaters of operation of which recently in Ex-Yugoslavia, Afghanistan and Iraq.

Operational organization

The president of the Republic has the title of chief of the armies, but this one does not have which can be able if it is not that to chair the Supreme council of Défence. Reality capacity is held by the Parliament which definite the policy to be held as regards defense and by the Government via the Minister for the Defense which is charged to make it apply.

The planning of the mission and realized by the chief of staff of the air force under the authority of the chief of staff of Défence and his minister. it is helped in that several services of which:

  • direction of the employment of the military personnel,
  • the inspection of the safety of the flights,
  • direction of naval aeronautics,
  • …

The Aeronautica Militare is divided into 4 great commands:

  • the Commando delle Squadre Ventilated (Command of the air body) in charge of implementation of units the air,
  • the Commando Logistico (logistic Command) charged to ensure logistics the profit of the forces,
  • the Commando delle Scuole (Command of the schools) charged to ensure the staff training,
  • the Commando Operativo delle Forze Ventilated (operational Command of the air force) in charge of the course of operation

Composition of the Comando beyond will squadra aerea fine 2006 and of information 2007:

  • Caccia Intercettori (Brigade of air defense), establishment Bari includes/understands 5 squadrons (Stormo) of which the operational unit (squadron) is called " Gruppo " (" Gruppi " in the plural)
    • 4th Stormo based with Grosseto: Gruppi 9ᵉ and 20ᵉ equipped with Eurofighter Typhoon
    • 5th Stormo based with Cervia: 23ᵉ Gruppo equipped with F-16 ADF
    • 9th Stormo based with Grazzanise: 10ᵉ Gruppo equipped with F-104S-ASA up to 2004, dissolved. Today 9th Stormo arranges the BA of Grazzanise
    • 36e Stormo based with Gioia del Colle: 12ᵉ Gruppo DA equipped with Tornado ADV until the year 2004, equipped with Aermacchi MB-339 CD until the year 2007, equipped with Eurofighter Typhoon since October 2007; 156ᵉ Gruppo attacks equipped with Tornado IDS.
    • 37e Stormo based with Trapani: Gruppi 10ᵉ and 18ᵉ and equipped with F-16 ADF and F-16B
    • IRRSTA experimental department and with standardization of the air shooting based with Decimomannu
  • Brigade of bombardment and recognition based with Milan include/understand 5 squadrons
    • 2nd Stormo based with Rivolto equipped with International AMX AMX; 313ᵉ Gruppo " Lifting patrol Nationale" (SIDE) equipped with MB 339
    • 6th Stormo based with Ghedi: Gruppi 102ᵉ and 154ᵉ equipped with Tornado IDS
    • 32e Stormo based with Amendola : 13ᵉ Gruppo 101ᵉ equipped with AMX ; 101ᵉ Gruppo equipped with AMX-T ; 28ᵉ Gruppo equipped with RQ-1 Predator has
    • 50e Stormo based with Piacenza: 155ᵉ Gruppo equipped with Tornado IT-ECR
    • 51e Stormo based with Istrana: Gruppi 103ᵉ and 132ᵉ equipped with AMX
    • Unit detached with Goose Bay with the Canada for the drive with the flight at low altitude
  • Caccia Aquila (Brigade of transport, research and help (Resco), and transport V.I.P.)
    • 46e Brigata Aerea of transport based with Pisa equipped with Lockheed C-130 J, J-30 Hercules and of C-27J Spartan
    • 9th Brigata Aerea of in-flight refueling and Resco based with Pratica di Mare equipped with Boeing 707 T/T and helicopters HH-3F
    • 31e Stormo based with Ciampino close to Rome equipped with Airbus A319
  • Brigade missiles based with Padova
    • 17th Stormo based with Padova responsible for employment and the placement of the ground-to-air missiles
    • specialized school based in Villafranca
  • Brigata Spazio Aereo (brigade responsible for air control)
    • centers radars
    • service geophotographic
    • unit in charge of the training of the Italian personnel
    • unit of the crew of AWACS of NATO based with Geilenkirchen in Germany
  • 41e Stormo based with Catania equipped with Breguet Atlantic implemented by sailors and aviators

Delle composition of the Commando Scuole :

  • 60e Stormo based with Lecce equipped with MB 339
  • 70e Stormo based with Latina equipped with SIAI 260
  • 72e Stormo based with Frosinone equipped with NH-500E

Ranks of Aeronautica Militare Italiana

References

Related articles

External bonds

  • * * Official site
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