Adrien de Gasparin

Adrien Etienne Pierre of Gasparin is an agronomist, senior official and French politician born with Orange (Vaucluse) the June 29th 1783 and died in the same city the September 7th 1862.

Biography

Resulting from the Protestant branch of a Corsican family of origin, wire of Thomas-Augustin de Gasparin (1754 - 1793), conventional and member of the Committee of public hello, and Marie-Anne Marguerite de Serre, Adrien de Gasparin embraced, like his/her father, the military career and was attached as officer of cavalry to the staff of the marshal Murat during the countryside of Poland (1806). A received wound with Eylau forced it to leave the service.

It returned in its family and was devoted to studies of Agronomie. He addressed many reports to the departmental companies and the Academy of Science which established its reputation in this field. He gave in particular work on the Crossing of the races (1810) and on Gourme of the horses (1811) and saw his memories rewarded with Paris and Lyon. He published a study on the Culture of the garance (1815), a Histoire of the town of Orange and his antiquities (1815), a Manuel of veterinary art (1817), supported on the observations which he had made in the sick deposits of horses which it had been charged to inspect during his military career, and a Mémoire on the education of the Merinos (1823). Its report on the Contagious diseases of the animals with wool (1821) gained the price of the royal Société of agriculture, which also crowned the Guide of the owners of leased rural goods (1829).

After the Revolution of 1830, Gasparin, which up to that point had rather lined up in the opposition to the Restauration, adopted the Monarchie of July. Close friend of François Guizot, like protesting to him of the South of France, it was elected appointed the November 6th 1830 by the 2nd college of Vaucluse (Carpentras) (88 votes out of 152 voters and 208 registered voters) to replace Mr. Duplessy, resigner. But, Guizot, Minister of Interior Department until November 1830, gave him administrative offices which did not enable him to take share with parliamentary works.

Gasparin was successively Préfet of the Isere (September 20th 1830), of the the Loire (1831) and of the the Rhone (November 1833). It was in station with Lyon at the time of the Révolte of the Silk workers of April 1834. The April 9th, it deployed the troop in all the city and engaged a brutal repression, which was also the occasion to strike the republicans and to dismantle their networks. It was shown by the latter to have let grow the insurrection for repressing best: “One said, written Louis Blanc in the Histoire Ten years , and it is less against general lieutenant Aymard than against Mr. de Gasparin than the inculpation was directed, than, to add to the importance of its victory, the capacity had prolonged voluntarily the combat; that, to this end, it had given up positions which were not threatened; that, determined to terrify Lyon and France, it had not prevented, being able it, of the superfluous calamities; that was to make the republicans odious to the owners that he had declared the war at the houses, had misused the fire, had imposed to the soldiers a prudence fertile in disasters, and given to the means of defense the proportions of his hatred rather than those of the danger. ”

In reward of its zeal, Gasparin was made Pair France the April 19th 1834, but it continued to manage the department of the Rhone until its nomination, the April 4th 1835, with the functions of under-secretary of State inside in the ministry Broglie. If it did not form part of the ministry Thiers, whose Doctrinaires had been drawn aside, Guizot then made it name Minister of Interior Department in the ministry Molé the September 6th 1836. It was hardly pointed out by its oratorical talent with the platform of the Room, but supported nevertheless the municipal discussion of the bill and prepared a bill on the prisons that the fall of the ministry the April 15th 1837 did not enable him to carry out before the Parliament. It carried out however various reforms in the organization of the old people's homes, the legislation on the lunatics, and the mode of the prisons. It removed the chain of the convicts and decided that the transfer to the bagnes would be carried out from now on in closed cars.

In the ministry of transition from the March 31st 1839, Gasparin was again named Minister of Interior Department and was responsible for the interim of the Ministry of Labor public, of Agriculture and of the Trade. The return to the business of the marshal Soult the May 12th 1839 moved away Gasparin from there. It was allowed with the Academy of Science (section of rural economy) the June 29th 1840. After the Revolution of 1848, it withdrew public life definitively and resumed its agronomic work. The Minister for Agriculture, Charles Gilbert Tourret, offered to him the direction of the new agronomic National institute of Versailles, which he refused initially, then ends up accepting on the authorities of Mr. Schneider (1851), but this institution was soon removed by a decree of the December 29th 1852.

At the beginning of 1852, Napoleon III had a presentiment of Adrien de Gasparin to enter to the Senate, but he refused after the decree of the January 22nd 1852 on the Biens of the house of Orleans. He lived withdrawn in his birthplace and died in 1862.

He was member of the central Company and the central Council of agriculture, and chair historical Committee of arts and monuments.

Its bronze statue was raised by national and inaugurated subscription the September 11th 1864 for Orange on the course Saint Martin's day (current course Aristide Briand), where the family of Gasparin had her castle, built in 1787 and demolished towards 1910 by the city which had bought it. Transferred in the park in 1931, it was removed in May 1942, to be molten.

He is the father of Agénor de Gasparin (1810 - 1871), which was Maître of the requests to the Council of State and appointed of Corsica in 1842.

Works

the Crossing of the races , 1810
Gourme of the horses , 1811
Culture of the garance , 1815
History of the town of Orange and its antiquities , Orange, J. Bouchony, 1815, in-12
Manual of veterinary art, with the use of the officers of cavalry, the farmers and the veterinary artists , Paris, J. - J. Paschoud, 1817, in-8
Of the Small properties considered in their relationship with the fate of the workmen, the prosperity of agriculture and destiny of the States , Paris, P. elder Mongie, 1820, in-8
Contagious diseases of the animals with wool , Paris, Mrs. Huzard, 1821, in-8
Memory on the education of the Merinos , 1823
Guide of the owners of rural goods leased , 1829
Observations on the work of Mr. Mathieu de Dombasle entitled: ″ of the Taxes in their relationship with the agricultural production ″ , Paris, Mrs. Huzard, 1829 (Extracted the administrative Yearly and scientists from French agriculture , volume III, 3rd series), in-8
Collection of memories of agriculture and rural economy , Paris, Mrs. Huzard, 1829 - 1841, 3 vol. in-8
Memory on the share-cropping , Lyon, Impr. J. - M. Barret, 1832, in-8
Considerations on the extension of the culture of the mulberry trees , Lyon, Impr. J. - M. Barret, 1833, in-8
Memory on the value of manures , Paris, Impr. of the Bouchard-Huzard Widow, 1842, in-8 (Extracted the Memories of the royal and central Company of agriculture )
Course of agriculture , Paris, Office of the rustic House, 1843 - 1851, 5 vol. in-8
Considerations on the subsistence , Paris, Dusacq, sd (extracted the practical Newspaper from agriculture and gardening , May 1847), in-8
Guide of the owners of the goods subjected to the share-cropping , Paris, Dusacq, 1853, in-18
Principles of agronomy , Paris, Dusacq, 1854, in-8

References

Sources

Adolphe Robert and Gaston Cougny, Dictionary of the French Members of Parliament , Paris, Dourloton, 1889
Antonio Saltini, Storia delle scienze agrarie , T. III, the età dei concimi industriali E beyond macchina has vapore , Edagricole, Bologna 1987,173-277

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