Adivinación

This page relates to the year 1755 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Americas

  • the Caribbean: Beginning of the Great War for the Empire (1755 - 1763) between the France and the Great Britain (War Seven Year old).

Africa

  • June 26th: With died of Iyasou II (?), Yoas, the son of Ouèbi, marries Galla Négus, still child, is proclaimed Négus Ethiopia on the high lathe of the palate. The Official reception of the Ouollo become stronger, especially that power of the lords of Qouara, parents of Méntouab, and decreased by other chiefs in the process of make itself independent: the Choa, already separated from the empire, the Lasta under the descendants of the kings Zagoué, Close-cropped Micaél in the Striped , which obtains for his/her son, then for him, to marry princesses girls of Méntouab and conquers Lasta, that is to say saying on behalf of the sovereign.
    • At the end of the century, of the commercial relations is established between the Ethiopia and the Portuguese of Tété to the Mozambique, but the king refuses with the Westerners the crossing of his kingdom of is in west.

Asia & Indian world

  • January 13rd: With Java, the Dutch impose the treaty of Giyanti by which the kingdom of Mataram is divided between the king and one of his/her uncles.

  • the Burmese chief Alaungpaya (Alompra) seizes the town of Dagon which it re-elects Rangoon and reunifies the Burma.

Mongolia

  • In winter, the Manchu empire mobilizes all the horses of the territories Khalkha S. the civil traffic on the roads is suspended. Units of artillery occupy the territories close to the border of the Dzoungarie. In spring, two hundred and thousand soldiers launch an offensive against the khanat oïrat. Armousana order cavalry of one of the wings of the Manchu army. After a short resistance, the Dzoungarie capitulates. The Mandchous reform the administration of the khanat, creating four administrative units, the khanats hoïte, deurbeute, hochote and tchoros, depending directly on the emperor. With the autumn, the large one of the Manchu troops is withdrawn. In September, Armousana, then at the Western border of the khanats khalkhas, learns that the emperor Qianlong reconsidered his decision to entrust to him the throne of Dzoungarie. It decides to react. With some chiefs of the aïmak of the khanat tsétsen, become its allies, it surprises some close Manchu garrisons and declares the war in China, then passes in Dzoungarie where its manpower grow bigger.

The Middle East

Europe

  • the Great Britain takes again the maritime war against the France.
    • June 10th: The admiral Boscawen intercepts with broad of the Canada a small convoy which it cannonades.
    • During the summer, the British seize 300 tradind ships French with 8000 men of crew. This loss in tonnage and men carries a very hard blow to the French fleet. France, which has 45 ship of the lines, can arm only 30 with them fault with material and crew.
  • July 14th: The Corsican patriot Pasquale Paoli, revolted against Genoa, is proclaimed general-in-chief of the Corsica Nation to the Couvent Saint-Anthony of Casabianca. He makes Corsica an independent state (fine in 1769).
  • 25 - July 26th: The Italian adventurer Giacomo Casanova is stopped with Venice for sorcery.
  • September: Convention Russo-British envisaging the sending into Prussia-Eastern of a body of 50  000 Russians, maintained by the British, in the event of war enters the Prussia and Great Britain. The Great Britain secures Russian alliance to protect the Hanover from the Prussian threat.

  • November 1st: Earthquake of Lisbon to the Portugal, one of most powerful of the history: 6 minutes, 9.000 building destroyed, 100  000 dead.

    • an earthquake followed of a violent one Raz-de-marée destroyed Lisbon. One estimates at 100  000 the number of the victims, on a population of 250  000 inhabitants. On 20  000 houses, 3000 only remain livable; on 56 churches, five can be re-used. On this occasion, the minister Pombal reveals his energy and his spirit of decision. In front of the risks of epidemic, it makes throw the corpses with the sea. It takes energetic measures against the plunderers, forces the population to remain on the spot, by ensuring the provisioning and by obliging the clergy to ensure the worship.
    • the Jésuites Portuguese explain misfortune by impiété of the men, and maintain a fanatic climate of enthusiasm in the weeks following the catastrophe. Pombal prevails against exaltés, like the Malagrida father, exiled with Setubal, which fulminated against the irreligious people projecting the rebuilding of the city.
    • One month after the catastrophe, the military engineer Manual da Maia, charged to propose solutions for the rebuilding of Lisbon, chooses to shave the debris of the district of the low city (Baixa), more touched, to rebuild it entirely according to the plans of the architect Eugenio back Santos.

  • December: Louis XV addresses an ultimatum to the Great Britain so that its ships and sailors are restored to him. He threatens to declare the war

  • James Cook engages in the British royal navy.
  • country Agitation against the lords in Slavonia.
  • Reforms in the Milanese Austrian. Establishment of the Firm general and a land register on all the properties subjected to the direct tax (Pompeo Neri). Standardization of the municipal authorities (1755) and provincial (1756 and 1758).
  • Charles VII of Naples starts to act as independent sovereign and reinforces the place of Tuscan Bernardo Tanucci, Secretary of State to the justice, which obtains the Foreign affairs and the House of the king. This one is devoted to legal reforms and the fight against the Church, but remains a convinced, hostile catholic with the Lumières.

France

  • Mars: The Parlement of Paris decides by stop that the Bulle Unigenitus, reason for the crisis, does not have the character of a law. The conflict with the king begins again.
  • April: A stop of the the Council of the king break-in this stop of the Parliament.
  • May:
    • Within the Parliament of the clergy, open in May, appears a hard tendency in favor of Unigenitus. The king and the ministers request the mediation of the pope Benoît XIV, which takes language with the ambassador Stainville (Choiseul), in favor of an opening.
    • the brigand Louis Mandrin (1724 -1755) which attacked the cases of the taxes or the cities in Dauphiné is taken in Savoy following a treason, considered to be (May 24th) then coiled sharp with Valence (May 26th). “Mandrinades”, small reviews at a cheap rate, circulate for immortaliser its exploits.
  • November 30th - February 1st: autumnal rising of the the Rhone.

  • Argument of competence between the Châtelet and the the Great Council, court which wants to be supreme. Louis XV brings its supports with the Great Council. The business leads to weld the magistrates of the courses minor against the Great Council and the State (1756). Louis-Philippe of Orleans, first prince of blood, adopts the Parlement of Paris in this business.
  • Vergennes (1717-1787) is named ambassador with Constantinople (fine in 1768)
  • Voyages of the rabbi of Jerusalem Haïm Itzhak Ben David Azoulay (Hida) in France (1755 and 1777). After having visited the Jewish communities of Bordeaux and Bayonne, it is received by Louis XV.
  • relative Balance of the budget of the State (1755 - 1756).
  • hostile Lobby with the monopoly of the Company of the Indies composed Marseilles business men or inhabitants of Saint Malo directed by the ship-owner Jacques Montaudouin. The economist Vincent de Gournay, the Abbot Morellet and the physiocrat Dupont de Nemours support them.

Russia

  • January 25th: Creation of the university of Moscow by Lomonossov and Ivan Chouvalov (right, philosophy and medicine).

  • April: Creation of a commission on the modernization of the laws.

  • Pierre Chouvalov, appointed large Master of Artillery, undertakes a modernization of the armament.
  • Stanislas Poniatowski becomes the lover of Catherine II of Russia.
  • Prohibition to export hemp, alcohol and leathers in Russia.
  • Suppression of the import duties on the foreign products imported in Small Russia, and taken by the Russia.
  • In Small Russia, abolition of a great number of excise taxes which burdened local industry.

Arts & cultures

See also: 1755 in literature, 1755 with the theater

  • the plaza major of Salamanque, the work of Alberto Churriguera, most beautiful of Spain, is completed.
  • Inauguration of the Place Stanislas with Nancy.
  • Place of the Comedy to Montpellier.
  • Father reading the Bible with his children , fabric of Greuze.
  • Life of saint Augustin , series of narrative fabrics with Our-Lady-of-Victoire in Paris of Carle Van Loo (1748-1755).
  • Portrait of the Marchioness of Pompadour of Quentin of the Tower.
  • François Boucher becomes director of the manufacture of the Gobelins.
  • 1755 is the name of a musical group acadian

Sciences and technology

Economy & company

  • Sunday: cadastration of the reserves seigneuriales in the possessions of the Habsbourg.
  • Establishment of a manufacture of fabrics with Potstejn (Bohemia).
  • Foundation of a school of the mines in Hungary.

Births in 1755

Death in 1755

  • February 10th: Montesquieu, philosopher and moralist French.
  • February 11th: Francesco Scipione, marquis de Maffei, writer Italian scholar (Vérone, 1675 -1755).
  • March 2nd: Louis de Rouvroy, duke of Saint-Simon, French writer, celebrates for his Mémoires . (° January 16th 1675).
  • April 30th: Jean-Baptiste Oudry, French painter.
  • May 20th: Johann Georg Gmelin, Botanist and German chemist (° 1709).
  • May 26th: Louis sharp Chuck coiled with Valence (Drome).
  • October 28th: Joseph Bodin de Boismortier, French type-setter (1689 -1755).
  • 1 {{er}} November: Pierre Barrère, Naturalist and Doctor French (° towards 1690).

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