Actos de la uniÃ³n 1707

Nout is a goddess of the Egyptian Mythologie which belongs to large the Ennéade of Héliopolis. Goddess of the Sky, Nout symbolizes the firmament and was regarded as the mother of the Astre S.

Myths

The Nout goddess forms part, as an original goddess, of the myth of the creation of Ennéade d' Héliopolis. According to this myth, it is the girl of Shou god of the air, of Tefnout goddess of moisture and the twin sister and marries Geb, god of the ground. They form the four paramount elements thus. It is moreover the grand-daughter of the god-sun Atoum.

Jealous of their union, Shou had separated Nout and Geb for one 360 days duration. Nout succeeds in gaining with the dice against Thot, the god of time, five days additional (the days epagomenes), which made pass the calendar from 360 to 365 days. It is during these five additional days that it is linked with Geb and gave rise to Osiris, Seth, Isis and Nephtys. Certain legends say that it gave birth to Horus the fifth day, but the commonly allowed legend makes Osiris and of Isis the parents of Horus.

Celestial Nout goddess

Nout fulfills an important function in the Egyptian Cosmogonie. It incarnates the sky; Its laughter is the Tonnerre, its tears the Pluie. Its body symbolizes the vault of heaven and separated the ground from the flood which surrounded it. According to the traditions, the body of Nout was spread above the ground to protect it; Its members who were to touch the ground symbolize the four cardinal points.

It makes moreover figure of mother of the stars. One believed that the Sun disappeared the evening in its mouth to travel the night in its body and in the morning to reappear in its bosom, in the East. During a cycle eternal, the stars also crossed its body during the day. These metaphors are at the origin of the designation of Nout as “sow which devours its gorets”. In spite of this nickname, the goddess was perceived very favorably. The myth of the birth of his/her children was documented by the Greek author Plutarque: The god-sun envied Nout for its eternal presence in the skies and feared that it does not defy it to seize its capacity. Thus it curses it so that it cannot give birth to during the 360 days of the year. The god Thot (at Plutarque it is about the Greek god Hermes) however lengthened the 5 days year to allow Nout to put at the world his children.

Certain Egyptologists estimate that the Nout goddess could have symbolized the ribbon of the Milky Way. Formula 176 of the Livre of dead the evokes the astral ribbon in relation to the goddess. In addition, it is represented for the period of the Ramsès with stars on and around its body. Ronald Wells showed that the ribbon of the Milky Way for the predynastic period during the Solstice had the form of a lengthened figure, whose arms and legs wide touched the horizon. It is in this manner that the Nout goddess was reproduced later on. In the same way? the Sun would have declined at the time of the equinox of spring at the exact place where the “head” of this figure was.

Nout in the Egyptian worship of deaths

One allots in the same way a big role to Nout in the Egyptian worship of deaths. It is narrowly related with the belief of the Résurrection of late which after their demise resplendissent like stars on the body of the goddess. With his brother and Geb husband, the god of the ground, it generated the gods Osiris, Isis, Nephthys, who all are related to the worship of Egyptians deaths.

Nout is also a goddess of deaths. In the texts of the pyramids, it is represented inter alia as a cow which brings the cure. Later, Re will replace Shou in the role of the father of Nout and Geb and, with the Moyen Empire, the worship of Nout ends up merging with that of the goddess Hathor. Nout thus partly took up the duty of Hathor like mistress of the Sycomore, the tree which ensures late drinking and it to eat and Hathor was represented partially like a celestial goddess. It should be also known that Nout is the mother of Osiris, Seth, Isis and Nephtys.

Representations

Nout is represented most of the time under human form. Adored with Héliopolis, Nout was frequently represented on side under the features of a woman arched above the ground (or the god of the ground Geb) which it touched with the hands and the end of the feet. Its spangled body represented the vault of heaven. It is it which generated the sun and stars, swallowing them, it made them reappear the day and the night. It is sometimes in this scene supported by her father, the god of the air Chou.

It also appears in the interior of Sarcophage S seen of front, often swallowing or to give birth to the Sun. This scene was carried out on the lower part of the lid in order to ensure a kind of union with the late one. The coffin thus symbolized the body of Nout, which accommodated in it death in order to be able to give birth to it again. It was protective deaths which accompanies them in Beyond.

Nout took also partially the features of a celestial cow where its four irons symbolize the cardinal points or those of a sow with its gorets.

When it was represented outgoing with half of the foliages of a Sycomore (which is its tree symbolic system) to give to drinking with deaths, it symbolized the mother who returns the life to deaths.

Worship

Like many other cosmic divinities, Nout did not enjoy a particular worship and no Temple was dedicated to him; however, its representations decorate many places of worship. The population carried, rather seldom, of the Amulette S, Nout representative like a sow.

Transliteration: Nwt

Appendices

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