Achoura

The Achoura (Arab: will ʿašara, rear RTL عشرة, ten , from where ʿāšūrāʾ, rear RTL عاشوراء, the ten (of the months of muharram) ) is a religious Fête of the Islam. It is called Tamkharit with the Senegal.

In the sunnism

Instituted by the prophet Mahomet, before the introduction of the fast of the Ramadan, it is about one period of two days fast, whose second, the 10 of Mouharram, gave the name to the event: being said number 10 will ʿašara (rear RTL عشرة) in Arab. This fast was copied on the Jewish fast of Yom Kippour, instituted to the tenth day of the seventh month and Mahomet also extended it to the 9 to prevent that are confused the festivals Moslem woman and Jewish.

Seeing the Jews devoting itself to one day of fast, Mahomet, asked them the significance of it (according to the most widespread version of the Hadith); those answered that they thus commemorated the exit of Egypt of the Hebrews under the control of Brace; claiming former biblical prophets Mahomet affirmed being more in right to fast this day. That shows well the importance of the prophetic continuation in the mission whose the prophet of Islam claimed itself.

What commemorates Achoura is variable, according to the Hadith S taken into account: the accosting of Abraham, Noah's Ark in fire, Adam leaving the celestial paradise. Since the introduction of the fast of the Ramadan, a few years after, this fast became optional and the festival is today the occasion at two feastdays in the Muslim world.

In the Shiism

With this initial significance, preserved in the fast which is maintained, the Chiisme added there the commemoration of the massacre of the Imam Husayn and of 72 of its partisans by the Califat omeyyade. It takes place the 10th day of the Moslem month of Mouharram and mourning continues 40 days until the Arbaïn.

It is with Kerbala in Iraq that takes place the principal pilgrimage. Hundreds of thousands of pilgrims, vêtus of white, are mortified in public to blood. The white is the color of mourning, but it was also the color of Omeyyades, the black was that of the Abbassides, allied at least at the beginning, of the Shiite against Omeyyades. In Iran, the Achoura is commemorated by the Tazieh, a theatrical kind which rejoue the massacre of the Imam Husayn.

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