Academy

A academy is an assembly of men of letters, scientists and/or of Artiste S recognized by their Pair S, which has for Mission Veiller of the Usage S in their respective disciplines and to publish works such as Dictionnaire S, Grammaire S, etc

The term of Académie was employed the first time to indicate the school that Plato founded with Athens in -367 (the term of Lycée, in Greek old Lukeion , was a gymnasium of Athens close which Socrate, then Aristote taught).

At the time modern, the Académie of the drawing of Florence is created in Italy in 1563 on the initiative of Giorgio Vasari and the term is employed in France as from the 17th century to indicate a Institution having a mission in the field Culturel, the prototype while being the French Academy founded by Richelieu .

In France, the Académies are showpieces of the French institutions . The first is that of Baïf recognized by Charles IX in 1570.

In France, the five principal Academies, forming the Institute of France, are:

• the French Academy, founded in 1635;
• the Academy of the inscriptions and the humanities, founded in 1663;
• the Academy of Science, founded in 1666; (its Statut S was fixed only in 1699);
• the Academy of the Art schools, founded in 1816 (recasting of the royal Academy of painting and sculpture (1648), of the Academy of music (1669) and of the royal Academy of architecture (1671)) ;
• the Academy of Science morals and political, founded in 1795.

The term of Academy all over the world indicates (or indicated) also other institutions such as:

Academies in France

• the Academy of the floral Plays of Toulouse (founded in 1323);
• the royal Academy of painting and sculpture (founded in 1648);
• the Academy of Caen (founded in 1652);
• the Academy of Saint-Luc (founded in 1672);
• the Academy of Villefranche (founded in 1677);
• the Royal Company of Sciences of Montpellier (founded in 1706);
• the Academy of medicine of Paris (founded in 1731);
• the national Academy of surgery (founded in 1731);
• the Academy of the humanities, sciences and arts of the La Rochelle (founded in 1732);
• the Academy of Dijon (founded in 1740);
• the Academy of Rouen (founded in 1744);
• the Academy of navy of Brest (founded in 1752);
• the academic National company of Cherbourg (founded in 1755);
• the Academy of Aix-en-Provence (founded in 1808);
• the Academy of Savoy (founded in 1820)
• the founded Academy of the Air and Space in 1983;
• the national Academy of pharmacy;
• the Academy of architecture;
• Academy of technologies
• the Academy administrative unit of the ministries charged with education, of higher education and research.

- Mazarine Academy

European academy

• the Academia Europaea

Italy

• Academy of the Néoplatonisme médicéen, philosophical school of Laurent splendid the (1434)
• Academy of the drawing of Florence, Accademia dell' Arte del Disegno become Accademia di Belle Arti Firenze (1563)
• Accademia della Crusca, academy of the Italian language (Tuscan initially) (1583)
• Accademia del Cimento, the academy of the Experimentation, first scientific academy in Europe (1630)

Foreign national academies

• the royal Academy of Belgium
• the royal Academy of arts and sciences Dutchwoman
• the pontifical Academy of Roman archeology
• the national Academy of Lincei
• the Academy of Turin
• the Academy of Berlin
• the Academy of Edinburgh (Scotland), founded in 1731
• the Academy of Stockholm (Sweden), founded in 1739
• the Rumanian Academy
• the Academy of Saint-Pétersbourg (Russia), founded in 1725
• the Academy Antoine-Manseau (Joliette, Quebec)
• the Akademio of Esperanto (Academy of the Esperanto language)
• the Real Academia Española (royal Academy of the Spanish language)
• has Real Academia Galega (royal Academy of the Galician language)
• the Academy off Interactive Arts and Sciences
• the Accademia della Crusca (Academy of the Italian language)
• the Euskaltzaindia (Academy of the Basque language)
• the Royal Academy (British royal Academy)
• the royal Académie of sciences of Sweden

Each one of these Institution S has a Statut, which specifies the framework of the Mission S which it is charged to carry out.

This term is also employed to indicate associations which reflect on a given topic: Academy of water for example.

See too

• Institution
• Statute
• Mission

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